Does Iron Fertilization Lead to Enhanced Carbon Sequestration? A Synthesis of Polar Star Results.
This research synthesized activities related to work conducted as part of the Southern Ocean Iron Experiment (SOFeX) which investigated the effects of iron fertilization on enhanced carbon sequestration. The primary interest was in the fate of sinking particles which carry carbon to the deep ocean,...
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ftosti:oai:osti.gov:834386 2023-07-30T04:07:02+02:00 Does Iron Fertilization Lead to Enhanced Carbon Sequestration? A Synthesis of Polar Star Results. Buesseler, K.O. 2018-01-30 application/pdf http://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/834386 https://www.osti.gov/biblio/834386 https://doi.org/10.2172/834386 unknown http://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/834386 https://www.osti.gov/biblio/834386 https://doi.org/10.2172/834386 doi:10.2172/834386 54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES CARBON CARBON SEQUESTRATION DILUTION EVALUATION EXPORTS FERTILIZATION IRON MASS BALANCE NUTRIENTS PARTICULATES RADIOISOTOPES RESOLUTION SAMPLING SYNTHESIS THORIUM 234 2018 ftosti https://doi.org/10.2172/834386 2023-07-11T08:40:11Z This research synthesized activities related to work conducted as part of the Southern Ocean Iron Experiment (SOFeX) which investigated the effects of iron fertilization on enhanced carbon sequestration. The primary interest was in the fate of sinking particles which carry carbon to the deep ocean, where it can be sequestered from the atmosphere for >100-1000 year time scales. This was accomplished through direct measurements of thorium-234, a naturally occurring particle reactive radionuclide that traces shallow particle export; SF6 measurements to track the position of the Fe fertilized region; and the collection of ancillary data and samples to augment the study of major C, nutrient and elemental budgets as well as appropriate samples for biological study. Results of this work show a small, but progressively increasing flux of particulate organic C to depth as a consequence of Fe fertilization. This is the first data set to show any effect of Fe fertilization on C sequestration in the Southern Ocean. The changes in particle export during SOFeX are significant, but only possible to detect given what is arguably the largest 234Th data set ever collected as part of an oceanographic experiment. Most prior 234Th studies, simply use a steady-state approximation and ignore advective and diffusive fluxes in the calculation of 234Th fluxes. High resolution time-series of average 0-50m 234Th activities in and out of the Southern patch find a clear steady decrease in 234Th flux that is slightly larger in vs. out of the Fe fertilized patch. This decrease must be included in the full 234Th flux calculation and the deliberate tagging of this water mass with SF6 combined with time-series sampling allowed for a careful evaluation of this non-steady state (NSS) term. Likewise, the addition of SF6 allows for the evaluation of vertical exchange (via the gradient of SF6 below the patch) and dilution effects (after correction for atmospheric losses). In most set tings these physical terms are small, but must be considered ... Other/Unknown Material Southern Ocean SciTec Connect (Office of Scientific and Technical Information - OSTI, U.S. Department of Energy) Southern Ocean Polar Star ENVELOPE(169.667,169.667,-73.633,-73.633) |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
SciTec Connect (Office of Scientific and Technical Information - OSTI, U.S. Department of Energy) |
op_collection_id |
ftosti |
language |
unknown |
topic |
54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES CARBON CARBON SEQUESTRATION DILUTION EVALUATION EXPORTS FERTILIZATION IRON MASS BALANCE NUTRIENTS PARTICULATES RADIOISOTOPES RESOLUTION SAMPLING SYNTHESIS THORIUM 234 |
spellingShingle |
54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES CARBON CARBON SEQUESTRATION DILUTION EVALUATION EXPORTS FERTILIZATION IRON MASS BALANCE NUTRIENTS PARTICULATES RADIOISOTOPES RESOLUTION SAMPLING SYNTHESIS THORIUM 234 Buesseler, K.O. Does Iron Fertilization Lead to Enhanced Carbon Sequestration? A Synthesis of Polar Star Results. |
topic_facet |
54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES CARBON CARBON SEQUESTRATION DILUTION EVALUATION EXPORTS FERTILIZATION IRON MASS BALANCE NUTRIENTS PARTICULATES RADIOISOTOPES RESOLUTION SAMPLING SYNTHESIS THORIUM 234 |
description |
This research synthesized activities related to work conducted as part of the Southern Ocean Iron Experiment (SOFeX) which investigated the effects of iron fertilization on enhanced carbon sequestration. The primary interest was in the fate of sinking particles which carry carbon to the deep ocean, where it can be sequestered from the atmosphere for >100-1000 year time scales. This was accomplished through direct measurements of thorium-234, a naturally occurring particle reactive radionuclide that traces shallow particle export; SF6 measurements to track the position of the Fe fertilized region; and the collection of ancillary data and samples to augment the study of major C, nutrient and elemental budgets as well as appropriate samples for biological study. Results of this work show a small, but progressively increasing flux of particulate organic C to depth as a consequence of Fe fertilization. This is the first data set to show any effect of Fe fertilization on C sequestration in the Southern Ocean. The changes in particle export during SOFeX are significant, but only possible to detect given what is arguably the largest 234Th data set ever collected as part of an oceanographic experiment. Most prior 234Th studies, simply use a steady-state approximation and ignore advective and diffusive fluxes in the calculation of 234Th fluxes. High resolution time-series of average 0-50m 234Th activities in and out of the Southern patch find a clear steady decrease in 234Th flux that is slightly larger in vs. out of the Fe fertilized patch. This decrease must be included in the full 234Th flux calculation and the deliberate tagging of this water mass with SF6 combined with time-series sampling allowed for a careful evaluation of this non-steady state (NSS) term. Likewise, the addition of SF6 allows for the evaluation of vertical exchange (via the gradient of SF6 below the patch) and dilution effects (after correction for atmospheric losses). In most set tings these physical terms are small, but must be considered ... |
author |
Buesseler, K.O. |
author_facet |
Buesseler, K.O. |
author_sort |
Buesseler, K.O. |
title |
Does Iron Fertilization Lead to Enhanced Carbon Sequestration? A Synthesis of Polar Star Results. |
title_short |
Does Iron Fertilization Lead to Enhanced Carbon Sequestration? A Synthesis of Polar Star Results. |
title_full |
Does Iron Fertilization Lead to Enhanced Carbon Sequestration? A Synthesis of Polar Star Results. |
title_fullStr |
Does Iron Fertilization Lead to Enhanced Carbon Sequestration? A Synthesis of Polar Star Results. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Does Iron Fertilization Lead to Enhanced Carbon Sequestration? A Synthesis of Polar Star Results. |
title_sort |
does iron fertilization lead to enhanced carbon sequestration? a synthesis of polar star results. |
publishDate |
2018 |
url |
http://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/834386 https://www.osti.gov/biblio/834386 https://doi.org/10.2172/834386 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(169.667,169.667,-73.633,-73.633) |
geographic |
Southern Ocean Polar Star |
geographic_facet |
Southern Ocean Polar Star |
genre |
Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Southern Ocean |
op_relation |
http://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/834386 https://www.osti.gov/biblio/834386 https://doi.org/10.2172/834386 doi:10.2172/834386 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.2172/834386 |
_version_ |
1772820110663221248 |