Annual dynamics within the active layer

• Main Author: Not Available
• Language: unknown
• Published: 2008
• Subjects: 54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES; 58 GEOSCIENCES; ARCTIC REGIONS; HYDROLOGY; METEOROLOGY; ABLATION; ALASKA; CLIMATE MODELS; CLIMATIC CHANGE; COMPILED DATA; DATA BASE MANAGEMENT; ENERGY BALANCE; EVAPORATION; FLOW MODELS; GLACIERS; HEAT TRANSFER; HYDRODYNAMIC MODEL; MASS TRANSFER; MATHEMATICAL MODELS; MONTHLY VARIATIONS; PROGRESS REPORT; RUNOFF; SEASONAL VARIATIONS; SNOW; SOILS; TRANSPIRATION; WATERSHEDS; ATMOSPHERIC PRECIPITATIONS; DATA; DEVELOPED COUNTRIES; DOCUMENT TYPES; ENERGY TRANSFER; ENVIRONMENTAL TRANSPORT; INFORMATION; MANAGEMENT; NORTH AMERICA; NUMERICAL DATA; PARTICLE MODELS; PHASE TRANSFORMATIONS; POLAR REGIONS; STATISTICAL MODELS; THERMODYNAMIC MODEL; USA; VARIATIONS; Arctic; Brooks Range; glaciers; north slope; Alaska
• Online Access: http://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/5379986; https://www.osti.gov/biblio/5379986; https://doi.org/10.2172/5379986

We have continued our meteorological and hydrologic data collection in support of our process-oriented research. The six years of data collected to date is unique in its scope and continuity in a North Hemisphere Arctic setting. This valuable data base has allowed us to further our understanding of the interconnections and interactions between the atmosphere/hydrosphere/biosphere/lithosphere. The increased understanding of the heat and mass transfer processes has allowed us to increase our model-oriented research efforts. Examples of applications are the following. (1) Spring snowmelt on the North Slope of Alaska is the dominant hydrologic event of the year. This event provides most of the moisture for use by vegetation in the spring and early summer period. The mechanisms and timing of snowmelt are important factors in predicting runoff, the migrations of birds and large mammals and the diversity of plant communities. It is important globally due to the radical and abrupt change in the surface energy balance over vast areas. (2) We were able to explore the trends and differences in the snowmelt process along a transect from the Brooks Range to the Arctic Coastal plain. Snowpack ablation was monitored at three sites. These data were analyzed along with meteorologic data at each site. The initiation of ablation was site specific being largely controlled by the complementary addition of energy from radiation and sensible heat flux.