ZnO varistors made from powders produced utilizing a urea process
Small-grained oxide powders of uniform composition, ideally suited for varistor production, have been prepared as follows: ZnO and other components are dissolved in nitric acid. Urea is added and the mixture is heated to remove water and nitrates and to form solid melamine. The melamine is then calc...
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ftosti:oai:osti.gov:5331308 2023-07-30T04:02:55+02:00 ZnO varistors made from powders produced utilizing a urea process Sonder, E. Quinby, T.C. Kinser, D.L. 2017-11-22 application/pdf http://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/5331308 https://www.osti.gov/biblio/5331308 https://doi.org/10.2172/5331308 unknown http://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/5331308 https://www.osti.gov/biblio/5331308 https://doi.org/10.2172/5331308 doi:10.2172/5331308 42 ENGINEERING SEMICONDUCTOR RESISTORS PRODUCTION ZINC OXIDES CHEMICAL PREPARATION DENSITY GRAIN SIZE HOT PRESSING MELAMINE POWDERS SINTERED MATERIALS UREA AMIDES AMINES AZINES CARBONIC ACID DERIVATIVES CHALCOGENIDES CRYSTAL STRUCTURE ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT EQUIPMENT FABRICATION HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS MATERIALS MATERIALS WORKING MICROSTRUCTURE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS ORGANIC NITROGEN COMPOUNDS OXIDES OXYGEN COMPOUNDS PHYSICAL PROPERTIES PRESSING RESISTORS SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SIZE SYNTHESIS TRIAZINES ZINC COMPOUNDS 2017 ftosti https://doi.org/10.2172/5331308 2023-07-11T10:38:49Z Small-grained oxide powders of uniform composition, ideally suited for varistor production, have been prepared as follows: ZnO and other components are dissolved in nitric acid. Urea is added and the mixture is heated to remove water and nitrates and to form solid melamine. The melamine is then calcined to burn off the organics and to produce fine oxide powders. Grain sizes, densities, and electrical characteristics have been measured for varistors fabricated from these powders by sintering or hot pressing. The densities and grain sizes increase with processing temperature, the nonlinearity coefficient depends primarily on composition, and the average voltage per barrier for sintered samples is approximately 2.5 eV. The breakdown field for hot-pressed samples is not uniform for different slices of the same varistor and depends on variables other than the grain size. Other/Unknown Material Carbonic acid SciTec Connect (Office of Scientific and Technical Information - OSTI, U.S. Department of Energy) |
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SciTec Connect (Office of Scientific and Technical Information - OSTI, U.S. Department of Energy) |
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ftosti |
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topic |
42 ENGINEERING SEMICONDUCTOR RESISTORS PRODUCTION ZINC OXIDES CHEMICAL PREPARATION DENSITY GRAIN SIZE HOT PRESSING MELAMINE POWDERS SINTERED MATERIALS UREA AMIDES AMINES AZINES CARBONIC ACID DERIVATIVES CHALCOGENIDES CRYSTAL STRUCTURE ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT EQUIPMENT FABRICATION HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS MATERIALS MATERIALS WORKING MICROSTRUCTURE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS ORGANIC NITROGEN COMPOUNDS OXIDES OXYGEN COMPOUNDS PHYSICAL PROPERTIES PRESSING RESISTORS SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SIZE SYNTHESIS TRIAZINES ZINC COMPOUNDS |
spellingShingle |
42 ENGINEERING SEMICONDUCTOR RESISTORS PRODUCTION ZINC OXIDES CHEMICAL PREPARATION DENSITY GRAIN SIZE HOT PRESSING MELAMINE POWDERS SINTERED MATERIALS UREA AMIDES AMINES AZINES CARBONIC ACID DERIVATIVES CHALCOGENIDES CRYSTAL STRUCTURE ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT EQUIPMENT FABRICATION HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS MATERIALS MATERIALS WORKING MICROSTRUCTURE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS ORGANIC NITROGEN COMPOUNDS OXIDES OXYGEN COMPOUNDS PHYSICAL PROPERTIES PRESSING RESISTORS SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SIZE SYNTHESIS TRIAZINES ZINC COMPOUNDS Sonder, E. Quinby, T.C. Kinser, D.L. ZnO varistors made from powders produced utilizing a urea process |
topic_facet |
42 ENGINEERING SEMICONDUCTOR RESISTORS PRODUCTION ZINC OXIDES CHEMICAL PREPARATION DENSITY GRAIN SIZE HOT PRESSING MELAMINE POWDERS SINTERED MATERIALS UREA AMIDES AMINES AZINES CARBONIC ACID DERIVATIVES CHALCOGENIDES CRYSTAL STRUCTURE ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT EQUIPMENT FABRICATION HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS MATERIALS MATERIALS WORKING MICROSTRUCTURE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS ORGANIC NITROGEN COMPOUNDS OXIDES OXYGEN COMPOUNDS PHYSICAL PROPERTIES PRESSING RESISTORS SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SIZE SYNTHESIS TRIAZINES ZINC COMPOUNDS |
description |
Small-grained oxide powders of uniform composition, ideally suited for varistor production, have been prepared as follows: ZnO and other components are dissolved in nitric acid. Urea is added and the mixture is heated to remove water and nitrates and to form solid melamine. The melamine is then calcined to burn off the organics and to produce fine oxide powders. Grain sizes, densities, and electrical characteristics have been measured for varistors fabricated from these powders by sintering or hot pressing. The densities and grain sizes increase with processing temperature, the nonlinearity coefficient depends primarily on composition, and the average voltage per barrier for sintered samples is approximately 2.5 eV. The breakdown field for hot-pressed samples is not uniform for different slices of the same varistor and depends on variables other than the grain size. |
author |
Sonder, E. Quinby, T.C. Kinser, D.L. |
author_facet |
Sonder, E. Quinby, T.C. Kinser, D.L. |
author_sort |
Sonder, E. |
title |
ZnO varistors made from powders produced utilizing a urea process |
title_short |
ZnO varistors made from powders produced utilizing a urea process |
title_full |
ZnO varistors made from powders produced utilizing a urea process |
title_fullStr |
ZnO varistors made from powders produced utilizing a urea process |
title_full_unstemmed |
ZnO varistors made from powders produced utilizing a urea process |
title_sort |
zno varistors made from powders produced utilizing a urea process |
publishDate |
2017 |
url |
http://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/5331308 https://www.osti.gov/biblio/5331308 https://doi.org/10.2172/5331308 |
genre |
Carbonic acid |
genre_facet |
Carbonic acid |
op_relation |
http://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/5331308 https://www.osti.gov/biblio/5331308 https://doi.org/10.2172/5331308 doi:10.2172/5331308 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.2172/5331308 |
_version_ |
1772813809459658752 |