Turbulence in The Marine Boundary Layer and Air Motions Below Stratocumulus Clouds at the ARM Eastern North Atlantic Site
Marine stratocumulus clouds are intimately coupled to the turbulence in the boundary layer and drizzle is known to be ubiquitous within them. Six years of data collected at the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM)’s Eastern North Atlantic site are utilized to characterize turbulence in the marine...
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ftosti:oai:osti.gov:1881025 2023-07-30T04:05:21+02:00 Turbulence in The Marine Boundary Layer and Air Motions Below Stratocumulus Clouds at the ARM Eastern North Atlantic Site Ghate, Virendra P. Cadeddu, Maria P. Zheng, Xue O’Connor, Ewan 2022-09-27 application/pdf http://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1881025 https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1881025 https://doi.org/10.1175/jamc-d-21-0087.1 unknown http://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1881025 https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1881025 https://doi.org/10.1175/jamc-d-21-0087.1 doi:10.1175/jamc-d-21-0087.1 54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES 2022 ftosti https://doi.org/10.1175/jamc-d-21-0087.1 2023-07-11T10:14:03Z Marine stratocumulus clouds are intimately coupled to the turbulence in the boundary layer and drizzle is known to be ubiquitous within them. Six years of data collected at the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM)’s Eastern North Atlantic site are utilized to characterize turbulence in the marine boundary layer and air motions below stratocumulus clouds. Profiles of variance of vertical velocity binned by wind direction (wdir) yielded that the boundary layer measurements are affected by the island when the wdir is between 90° and 310° (measured clockwise from North where air is coming from). Data collected during the marine conditions (wdir<90 or wdir>310) showed that the variance of vertical velocity was higher during the winter months than during the summer months due to higher cloudiness, wind speeds, and surface fluxes. Furthermore, during marine conditions the variance of vertical velocity and cloud fraction exhibited a distinct diurnal cycle with higher values during the nighttime than during the daytime. Detailed analysis of 32 cases of drizzling marine stratocumulus clouds showed that for a similar amount of radiative cooling at the cloud top, within the sub-cloud layer 1) drizzle increasingly falls within downdrafts with increasing rain rates, 2) the strength of the downdrafts increases with increasing rain rates, and 3) the correlation between vertical air motion and rain rate is highest in the middle of the sub-cloud layer. The results presented herein have implications for climatological and model evaluation studies conducted at the ENA site, along with efforts of accurately representing drizzle-turbulence interactions in a range of atmospheric models. Other/Unknown Material North Atlantic SciTec Connect (Office of Scientific and Technical Information - OSTI, U.S. Department of Energy) Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology |
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SciTec Connect (Office of Scientific and Technical Information - OSTI, U.S. Department of Energy) |
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ftosti |
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54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES |
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54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Ghate, Virendra P. Cadeddu, Maria P. Zheng, Xue O’Connor, Ewan Turbulence in The Marine Boundary Layer and Air Motions Below Stratocumulus Clouds at the ARM Eastern North Atlantic Site |
topic_facet |
54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES |
description |
Marine stratocumulus clouds are intimately coupled to the turbulence in the boundary layer and drizzle is known to be ubiquitous within them. Six years of data collected at the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM)’s Eastern North Atlantic site are utilized to characterize turbulence in the marine boundary layer and air motions below stratocumulus clouds. Profiles of variance of vertical velocity binned by wind direction (wdir) yielded that the boundary layer measurements are affected by the island when the wdir is between 90° and 310° (measured clockwise from North where air is coming from). Data collected during the marine conditions (wdir<90 or wdir>310) showed that the variance of vertical velocity was higher during the winter months than during the summer months due to higher cloudiness, wind speeds, and surface fluxes. Furthermore, during marine conditions the variance of vertical velocity and cloud fraction exhibited a distinct diurnal cycle with higher values during the nighttime than during the daytime. Detailed analysis of 32 cases of drizzling marine stratocumulus clouds showed that for a similar amount of radiative cooling at the cloud top, within the sub-cloud layer 1) drizzle increasingly falls within downdrafts with increasing rain rates, 2) the strength of the downdrafts increases with increasing rain rates, and 3) the correlation between vertical air motion and rain rate is highest in the middle of the sub-cloud layer. The results presented herein have implications for climatological and model evaluation studies conducted at the ENA site, along with efforts of accurately representing drizzle-turbulence interactions in a range of atmospheric models. |
author |
Ghate, Virendra P. Cadeddu, Maria P. Zheng, Xue O’Connor, Ewan |
author_facet |
Ghate, Virendra P. Cadeddu, Maria P. Zheng, Xue O’Connor, Ewan |
author_sort |
Ghate, Virendra P. |
title |
Turbulence in The Marine Boundary Layer and Air Motions Below Stratocumulus Clouds at the ARM Eastern North Atlantic Site |
title_short |
Turbulence in The Marine Boundary Layer and Air Motions Below Stratocumulus Clouds at the ARM Eastern North Atlantic Site |
title_full |
Turbulence in The Marine Boundary Layer and Air Motions Below Stratocumulus Clouds at the ARM Eastern North Atlantic Site |
title_fullStr |
Turbulence in The Marine Boundary Layer and Air Motions Below Stratocumulus Clouds at the ARM Eastern North Atlantic Site |
title_full_unstemmed |
Turbulence in The Marine Boundary Layer and Air Motions Below Stratocumulus Clouds at the ARM Eastern North Atlantic Site |
title_sort |
turbulence in the marine boundary layer and air motions below stratocumulus clouds at the arm eastern north atlantic site |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
http://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1881025 https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1881025 https://doi.org/10.1175/jamc-d-21-0087.1 |
genre |
North Atlantic |
genre_facet |
North Atlantic |
op_relation |
http://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1881025 https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1881025 https://doi.org/10.1175/jamc-d-21-0087.1 doi:10.1175/jamc-d-21-0087.1 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1175/jamc-d-21-0087.1 |
container_title |
Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology |
_version_ |
1772817198210875392 |