Fog Formation Related to Gravity Currents Interacting with Coastal Topography

• Published in: Boundary-Layer Meteorology
• Main Authors: Bardoel, Stef L., Horna Muñoz, Daniel V., Grachev, Andrey A., Krishnamurthy, Raghavendra, Chamorro, Leonardo P., Fernando, Harindra S.
• Language: unknown
• Published: 2022
• Subjects: 54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES; Newfoundland
• Online Access: http://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1837664; https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1837664; https://doi.org/10.1007/s10546-021-00638-w

An interesting mixing-fog event was identified during IOP7 of the C-FOG project, where a cold front arriving from the north-east collided with the Downs peninsula in Ferryland, Newfoundland, to produce foggy conditions. A comprehensive set of field observations suggests that this collision caused turbulent mixing of nearly saturated ambient air with an almost saturated cold front, creating conditions for mixing fog. Additionally, laboratory experiments were performed to study the interaction of lock-exchange induced gravity currents with a (rectangular) obstacle to delve into physical processes underlying this phenomenon. Instantaneous velocity and density fields were obtained using particle image velocimetry and planar laser-induced fluorescence. The observations suggest that the obstacle starts affecting the approaching gravity-current propagation at an upstream distance of 2 H and, upon collision, the mixing is taking place over a spatial scale of 0.83 H , where H is the depth of the ambient fluid layer. The time for largerscale turbulent stirring to permeate to the smallest scales of turbulence and activate the condensation nuclei was estimated as 3t * , where t* = √H/g' is the intrinsic time scale of the gravity current and g' the reduced gravity. Extrapolation of results to IOP7 showed a good agreement with observations.