Active virus-host interactions at sub-freezing temperatures in Arctic peat soil
Winter carbon loss in northern ecosystems is estimated to be greater than the average growing season carbon uptake and is primarily driven by microbial decomposers. Viruses modulate microbial carbon cycling via induced mortality and metabolic controls, but it is unknown whether viruses are active un...
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Online Access: | http://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1830222 https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1830222 https://doi.org/10.1186/s40168-021-01154-2 |
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ftosti:oai:osti.gov:1830222 2023-07-30T04:01:41+02:00 Active virus-host interactions at sub-freezing temperatures in Arctic peat soil Trubl, Gareth Kimbrel, Jeffrey A. Liquet-Gonzalez, Jose Nuccio, Erin E. Weber, Peter K. Pett-Ridge, Jennifer Jansson, Janet K. Waldrop, Mark P. Blazewicz, Steven J. 2022-05-31 application/pdf http://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1830222 https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1830222 https://doi.org/10.1186/s40168-021-01154-2 unknown http://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1830222 https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1830222 https://doi.org/10.1186/s40168-021-01154-2 doi:10.1186/s40168-021-01154-2 59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2022 ftosti https://doi.org/10.1186/s40168-021-01154-2 2023-07-11T10:08:14Z Winter carbon loss in northern ecosystems is estimated to be greater than the average growing season carbon uptake and is primarily driven by microbial decomposers. Viruses modulate microbial carbon cycling via induced mortality and metabolic controls, but it is unknown whether viruses are active under winter conditions (anoxic and sub-freezing temperatures). We used stable isotope probing (SIP) targeted metagenomics to reveal the genomic potential of active soil microbial populations under simulated winter conditions, with an emphasis on viruses and virus-host dynamics. Arctic peat soils from the Bonanza Creek Long-Term Ecological Research site in Alaska were incubated under sub-freezing anoxic conditions with H 2 18 O or natural abundance water for 184 and 370 days. We sequenced 23 SIP-metagenomes and measured carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) efflux throughout the experiment. We identified 46 bacterial populations (spanning 9 phyla) and 243 viral populations that actively took up 18 O in soil and respired CO 2 throughout the incubation. Active bacterial populations represented only a small portion of the detected microbial community and were capable of fermentation and organic matter degradation. In contrast, active viral populations represented a large portion of the detected viral community and one third were linked to active bacterial populations. We identified 86 auxiliary metabolic genes and other environmentally relevant genes. The majority of these genes were carried by active viral populations and had diverse functions such as carbon utilization and scavenging that could provide their host with a fitness advantage for utilizing much-needed carbon sources or acquiring essential nutrients. Overall, there was a stark difference in the identity and function of the active bacterial and viral community compared to the unlabeled community that would have been overlooked with a non-targeted standard metagenomic analysis. Our results illustrate that substantial active virus-host interactions occur in sub-freezing anoxic ... Other/Unknown Material Arctic Alaska SciTec Connect (Office of Scientific and Technical Information - OSTI, U.S. Department of Energy) Arctic Bonanza ENVELOPE(-119.820,-119.820,55.917,55.917) Microbiome 9 1 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
SciTec Connect (Office of Scientific and Technical Information - OSTI, U.S. Department of Energy) |
op_collection_id |
ftosti |
language |
unknown |
topic |
59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES |
spellingShingle |
59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES Trubl, Gareth Kimbrel, Jeffrey A. Liquet-Gonzalez, Jose Nuccio, Erin E. Weber, Peter K. Pett-Ridge, Jennifer Jansson, Janet K. Waldrop, Mark P. Blazewicz, Steven J. Active virus-host interactions at sub-freezing temperatures in Arctic peat soil |
topic_facet |
59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES |
description |
Winter carbon loss in northern ecosystems is estimated to be greater than the average growing season carbon uptake and is primarily driven by microbial decomposers. Viruses modulate microbial carbon cycling via induced mortality and metabolic controls, but it is unknown whether viruses are active under winter conditions (anoxic and sub-freezing temperatures). We used stable isotope probing (SIP) targeted metagenomics to reveal the genomic potential of active soil microbial populations under simulated winter conditions, with an emphasis on viruses and virus-host dynamics. Arctic peat soils from the Bonanza Creek Long-Term Ecological Research site in Alaska were incubated under sub-freezing anoxic conditions with H 2 18 O or natural abundance water for 184 and 370 days. We sequenced 23 SIP-metagenomes and measured carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) efflux throughout the experiment. We identified 46 bacterial populations (spanning 9 phyla) and 243 viral populations that actively took up 18 O in soil and respired CO 2 throughout the incubation. Active bacterial populations represented only a small portion of the detected microbial community and were capable of fermentation and organic matter degradation. In contrast, active viral populations represented a large portion of the detected viral community and one third were linked to active bacterial populations. We identified 86 auxiliary metabolic genes and other environmentally relevant genes. The majority of these genes were carried by active viral populations and had diverse functions such as carbon utilization and scavenging that could provide their host with a fitness advantage for utilizing much-needed carbon sources or acquiring essential nutrients. Overall, there was a stark difference in the identity and function of the active bacterial and viral community compared to the unlabeled community that would have been overlooked with a non-targeted standard metagenomic analysis. Our results illustrate that substantial active virus-host interactions occur in sub-freezing anoxic ... |
author |
Trubl, Gareth Kimbrel, Jeffrey A. Liquet-Gonzalez, Jose Nuccio, Erin E. Weber, Peter K. Pett-Ridge, Jennifer Jansson, Janet K. Waldrop, Mark P. Blazewicz, Steven J. |
author_facet |
Trubl, Gareth Kimbrel, Jeffrey A. Liquet-Gonzalez, Jose Nuccio, Erin E. Weber, Peter K. Pett-Ridge, Jennifer Jansson, Janet K. Waldrop, Mark P. Blazewicz, Steven J. |
author_sort |
Trubl, Gareth |
title |
Active virus-host interactions at sub-freezing temperatures in Arctic peat soil |
title_short |
Active virus-host interactions at sub-freezing temperatures in Arctic peat soil |
title_full |
Active virus-host interactions at sub-freezing temperatures in Arctic peat soil |
title_fullStr |
Active virus-host interactions at sub-freezing temperatures in Arctic peat soil |
title_full_unstemmed |
Active virus-host interactions at sub-freezing temperatures in Arctic peat soil |
title_sort |
active virus-host interactions at sub-freezing temperatures in arctic peat soil |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
http://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1830222 https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1830222 https://doi.org/10.1186/s40168-021-01154-2 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-119.820,-119.820,55.917,55.917) |
geographic |
Arctic Bonanza |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Bonanza |
genre |
Arctic Alaska |
genre_facet |
Arctic Alaska |
op_relation |
http://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1830222 https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1830222 https://doi.org/10.1186/s40168-021-01154-2 doi:10.1186/s40168-021-01154-2 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1186/s40168-021-01154-2 |
container_title |
Microbiome |
container_volume |
9 |
container_issue |
1 |
_version_ |
1772812448172081152 |