Much stronger tundra methane emissions during autumn freeze than spring thaw
Warming in the Arctic has been more apparent in the non-growing season than in the typical growing season. In this context, methane (CH4) emissions in the non-growing season, particularly in the shoulder season, will account for a substantial proportion of the annual budget. However, CH4 emissions i...
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Online Access: | http://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1774112 https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1774112 https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.15421 |
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ftosti:oai:osti.gov:1774112 2023-07-30T04:01:22+02:00 Much stronger tundra methane emissions during autumn freeze than spring thaw Bao, Tao Xu, Xiyan Jia, Gensuo Billesbach, David P. Sullivan, Ryan C. 2021-11-11 application/pdf http://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1774112 https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1774112 https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.15421 unknown http://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1774112 https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1774112 https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.15421 doi:10.1111/gcb.15421 2021 ftosti https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.15421 2023-07-11T10:02:24Z Warming in the Arctic has been more apparent in the non-growing season than in the typical growing season. In this context, methane (CH4) emissions in the non-growing season, particularly in the shoulder season, will account for a substantial proportion of the annual budget. However, CH4 emissions in spring and autumn shoulders were often underestimated by land models and measurements due to limited data availability and unknown mechanisms. This study investigates CH4 emissions during spring thaw and autumn freeze using eddy covariance CH4 measurements from three Arctic sites with multi-year observations. We found that the shoulder seasons contribute to about a quarter (25.6±2.3%) of annual total CH4 emissions. Our study highlighted the three to four times higher contribution of autumn freeze CH4 emission to total annual emission than that of spring thaw. Autumn freeze exhibits significantly higher CH4 flux (0.88±0.03 mg m-2 h-1) than spring thaw (0.48±0.04 mg m-2 h-1). The mean duration of autumn freeze (58.94±26.39 days) was significantly longer than that of spring thaw (20.94±7.79 days), which predominates the much higher cumulative CH4 emission during autumn freeze (1212.31±280.39 mg m-2 yr-1) than that during spring thaw (307.39±46.11 mg m-2 yr-1). Near-surface soil temperatures cannot completely reflect the freeze-thaw processes in deeper soil layers and appeared to have a hysteresis effect on CH4 emissions from early spring thaw to late autumn freeze. Therefore, it is necessary to consider commonalities and differences in CH4 emissions during spring thaw versus autumn freeze to accurately estimate CH4 source from tundra ecosystems for evaluating carbon-climate feedback in Arctic. Other/Unknown Material Arctic Tundra SciTec Connect (Office of Scientific and Technical Information - OSTI, U.S. Department of Energy) Arctic Global Change Biology 27 2 376 387 |
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Open Polar |
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SciTec Connect (Office of Scientific and Technical Information - OSTI, U.S. Department of Energy) |
op_collection_id |
ftosti |
language |
unknown |
description |
Warming in the Arctic has been more apparent in the non-growing season than in the typical growing season. In this context, methane (CH4) emissions in the non-growing season, particularly in the shoulder season, will account for a substantial proportion of the annual budget. However, CH4 emissions in spring and autumn shoulders were often underestimated by land models and measurements due to limited data availability and unknown mechanisms. This study investigates CH4 emissions during spring thaw and autumn freeze using eddy covariance CH4 measurements from three Arctic sites with multi-year observations. We found that the shoulder seasons contribute to about a quarter (25.6±2.3%) of annual total CH4 emissions. Our study highlighted the three to four times higher contribution of autumn freeze CH4 emission to total annual emission than that of spring thaw. Autumn freeze exhibits significantly higher CH4 flux (0.88±0.03 mg m-2 h-1) than spring thaw (0.48±0.04 mg m-2 h-1). The mean duration of autumn freeze (58.94±26.39 days) was significantly longer than that of spring thaw (20.94±7.79 days), which predominates the much higher cumulative CH4 emission during autumn freeze (1212.31±280.39 mg m-2 yr-1) than that during spring thaw (307.39±46.11 mg m-2 yr-1). Near-surface soil temperatures cannot completely reflect the freeze-thaw processes in deeper soil layers and appeared to have a hysteresis effect on CH4 emissions from early spring thaw to late autumn freeze. Therefore, it is necessary to consider commonalities and differences in CH4 emissions during spring thaw versus autumn freeze to accurately estimate CH4 source from tundra ecosystems for evaluating carbon-climate feedback in Arctic. |
author |
Bao, Tao Xu, Xiyan Jia, Gensuo Billesbach, David P. Sullivan, Ryan C. |
spellingShingle |
Bao, Tao Xu, Xiyan Jia, Gensuo Billesbach, David P. Sullivan, Ryan C. Much stronger tundra methane emissions during autumn freeze than spring thaw |
author_facet |
Bao, Tao Xu, Xiyan Jia, Gensuo Billesbach, David P. Sullivan, Ryan C. |
author_sort |
Bao, Tao |
title |
Much stronger tundra methane emissions during autumn freeze than spring thaw |
title_short |
Much stronger tundra methane emissions during autumn freeze than spring thaw |
title_full |
Much stronger tundra methane emissions during autumn freeze than spring thaw |
title_fullStr |
Much stronger tundra methane emissions during autumn freeze than spring thaw |
title_full_unstemmed |
Much stronger tundra methane emissions during autumn freeze than spring thaw |
title_sort |
much stronger tundra methane emissions during autumn freeze than spring thaw |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
http://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1774112 https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1774112 https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.15421 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic Tundra |
genre_facet |
Arctic Tundra |
op_relation |
http://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1774112 https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1774112 https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.15421 doi:10.1111/gcb.15421 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.15421 |
container_title |
Global Change Biology |
container_volume |
27 |
container_issue |
2 |
container_start_page |
376 |
op_container_end_page |
387 |
_version_ |
1772812112851107840 |