Much stronger tundra methane emissions during autumn-freeze than spring-thaw
Warming in the Arctic has been more apparent in the non-growing season than in the typical growing season. In this context, methane (CH 4 ) emissions in the non-growing season, particularly in the shoulder seasons, account for a substantial proportion of the annual budget. However, CH 4 emissions in...
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ftosti:oai:osti.gov:1695693 2023-07-30T04:01:21+02:00 Much stronger tundra methane emissions during autumn-freeze than spring-thaw Bao, Tao Xu, Xiyan Jia, Gensuo Billesbach, David P. Sullivan, Ryan C. 2021-10-28 application/pdf http://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1695693 https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1695693 https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.15421 unknown http://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1695693 https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1695693 https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.15421 doi:10.1111/gcb.15421 54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES 2021 ftosti https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.15421 2023-07-11T09:51:28Z Warming in the Arctic has been more apparent in the non-growing season than in the typical growing season. In this context, methane (CH 4 ) emissions in the non-growing season, particularly in the shoulder seasons, account for a substantial proportion of the annual budget. However, CH 4 emissions in spring and autumn shoulders are often underestimated by land models and measurements due to limited data availability and unknown mechanisms. This study investigates CH 4 emissions during spring thaw and autumn freeze using eddy covariance CH 4 measurements from three Arctic sites with multi-year observations. We find that the shoulder seasons contribute to about a quarter (25.6±2.3%, mean ± standard deviation) of annual total CH 4 emissions. Our study highlights the three to four times higher contribution of autumn freeze CH 4 emission to total annual emission than that of spring thaw. Autumn freeze exhibits significantly higher CH 4 flux (0.88±0.03 mg m -2 h -1 ) than spring thaw (0.48±0.04 mg m -2 h -1 ). The mean duration of autumn freeze (58.94±26.39 days) is significantly longer than that of spring thaw (20.94±7.79 days), which predominates the much higher cumulative CH 4 emission during autumn freeze (1212.31±280.39 mg m -2 yr -1 ) than that during spring thaw (307.39±46.11 mg m -2 yr -1 ). Near-surface soil temperatures cannot completely reflect the freeze-thaw processes in deeper soil layers and appears to have a hysteresis effect on CH 4 emissions from early spring thaw to late autumn freeze. Therefore, it is necessary to consider commonalities and differences in CH 4 emissions during spring thaw versus autumn freeze to accurately estimate CH 4 source from tundra ecosystems for evaluating carbon-climate feedback in Arctic. Other/Unknown Material Arctic Tundra SciTec Connect (Office of Scientific and Technical Information - OSTI, U.S. Department of Energy) Arctic Global Change Biology 27 2 376 387 |
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SciTec Connect (Office of Scientific and Technical Information - OSTI, U.S. Department of Energy) |
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54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES |
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54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Bao, Tao Xu, Xiyan Jia, Gensuo Billesbach, David P. Sullivan, Ryan C. Much stronger tundra methane emissions during autumn-freeze than spring-thaw |
topic_facet |
54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES |
description |
Warming in the Arctic has been more apparent in the non-growing season than in the typical growing season. In this context, methane (CH 4 ) emissions in the non-growing season, particularly in the shoulder seasons, account for a substantial proportion of the annual budget. However, CH 4 emissions in spring and autumn shoulders are often underestimated by land models and measurements due to limited data availability and unknown mechanisms. This study investigates CH 4 emissions during spring thaw and autumn freeze using eddy covariance CH 4 measurements from three Arctic sites with multi-year observations. We find that the shoulder seasons contribute to about a quarter (25.6±2.3%, mean ± standard deviation) of annual total CH 4 emissions. Our study highlights the three to four times higher contribution of autumn freeze CH 4 emission to total annual emission than that of spring thaw. Autumn freeze exhibits significantly higher CH 4 flux (0.88±0.03 mg m -2 h -1 ) than spring thaw (0.48±0.04 mg m -2 h -1 ). The mean duration of autumn freeze (58.94±26.39 days) is significantly longer than that of spring thaw (20.94±7.79 days), which predominates the much higher cumulative CH 4 emission during autumn freeze (1212.31±280.39 mg m -2 yr -1 ) than that during spring thaw (307.39±46.11 mg m -2 yr -1 ). Near-surface soil temperatures cannot completely reflect the freeze-thaw processes in deeper soil layers and appears to have a hysteresis effect on CH 4 emissions from early spring thaw to late autumn freeze. Therefore, it is necessary to consider commonalities and differences in CH 4 emissions during spring thaw versus autumn freeze to accurately estimate CH 4 source from tundra ecosystems for evaluating carbon-climate feedback in Arctic. |
author |
Bao, Tao Xu, Xiyan Jia, Gensuo Billesbach, David P. Sullivan, Ryan C. |
author_facet |
Bao, Tao Xu, Xiyan Jia, Gensuo Billesbach, David P. Sullivan, Ryan C. |
author_sort |
Bao, Tao |
title |
Much stronger tundra methane emissions during autumn-freeze than spring-thaw |
title_short |
Much stronger tundra methane emissions during autumn-freeze than spring-thaw |
title_full |
Much stronger tundra methane emissions during autumn-freeze than spring-thaw |
title_fullStr |
Much stronger tundra methane emissions during autumn-freeze than spring-thaw |
title_full_unstemmed |
Much stronger tundra methane emissions during autumn-freeze than spring-thaw |
title_sort |
much stronger tundra methane emissions during autumn-freeze than spring-thaw |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
http://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1695693 https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1695693 https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.15421 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic Tundra |
genre_facet |
Arctic Tundra |
op_relation |
http://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1695693 https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1695693 https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.15421 doi:10.1111/gcb.15421 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.15421 |
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Global Change Biology |
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27 |
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2 |
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376 |
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387 |
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1772812094731714560 |