Wintertime Arctic Sea Spray Aerosol Composition Controlled by Sea Ice Lead Microbiology
The Arctic is experiencing the greatest warming on Earth, as most evident by rapid sea ice loss. Delayed sea ice freeze-up in the Alaskan Arctic is decreasing wintertime sea ice extent and changing marine biological activity. However, the impacts of newly open water on wintertime sea spray aerosol (...
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Online Access: | http://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1576742 https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1576742 https://doi.org/10.1021/acscentsci.9b00541 |
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ftosti:oai:osti.gov:1576742 2023-07-30T04:00:25+02:00 Wintertime Arctic Sea Spray Aerosol Composition Controlled by Sea Ice Lead Microbiology Kirpes, Rachel M. Bonanno, Daniel May, Nathaniel W. Fraund, Matthew Barget, Anna J. Moffet, Ryan C. Ault, Andrew P. Pratt, Kerri A. 2023-06-30 application/pdf http://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1576742 https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1576742 https://doi.org/10.1021/acscentsci.9b00541 unknown http://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1576742 https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1576742 https://doi.org/10.1021/acscentsci.9b00541 doi:10.1021/acscentsci.9b00541 37 INORGANIC ORGANIC PHYSICAL AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2023 ftosti https://doi.org/10.1021/acscentsci.9b00541 2023-07-11T09:38:18Z The Arctic is experiencing the greatest warming on Earth, as most evident by rapid sea ice loss. Delayed sea ice freeze-up in the Alaskan Arctic is decreasing wintertime sea ice extent and changing marine biological activity. However, the impacts of newly open water on wintertime sea spray aerosol (SSA) production and atmospheric composition are unknown. Herein, we identify SSA, produced locally from open sea ice fractures (leads), as the dominant aerosol source in the coastal Alaskan Arctic during winter, highlighting the year-round nature of Arctic SSA emissions. Nearly all of the individual SSA featured thick organic coatings, consisting of marine saccharides, amino acids, fatty acids, and divalent cations, consistent with exopolymeric secretions produced as cryoprotectants by sea ice algae and bacteria. In contrast, local summertime SSA lacked these organic carbon coatings, or featured thin coatings, with only open water nearby. The individual SSA composition was not consistent with frost flowers or surface snow above sea ice, suggesting that neither hypothesized frost flower aerosolization nor blowing snow sublimation resulted in the observed SSA. These results further demonstrate the need for inclusion of lead-based SSA production in modeling of Arctic atmospheric composition. The identified connections between changing sea ice, microbiology, and SSA point to the significance of sea ice lead biogeochemistry in altering Arctic atmospheric composition, clouds, and climate feedbacks during winter. Other/Unknown Material Arctic ice algae Sea ice SciTec Connect (Office of Scientific and Technical Information - OSTI, U.S. Department of Energy) Arctic ACS Central Science 5 11 1760 1767 |
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SciTec Connect (Office of Scientific and Technical Information - OSTI, U.S. Department of Energy) |
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37 INORGANIC ORGANIC PHYSICAL AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY |
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37 INORGANIC ORGANIC PHYSICAL AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY Kirpes, Rachel M. Bonanno, Daniel May, Nathaniel W. Fraund, Matthew Barget, Anna J. Moffet, Ryan C. Ault, Andrew P. Pratt, Kerri A. Wintertime Arctic Sea Spray Aerosol Composition Controlled by Sea Ice Lead Microbiology |
topic_facet |
37 INORGANIC ORGANIC PHYSICAL AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY |
description |
The Arctic is experiencing the greatest warming on Earth, as most evident by rapid sea ice loss. Delayed sea ice freeze-up in the Alaskan Arctic is decreasing wintertime sea ice extent and changing marine biological activity. However, the impacts of newly open water on wintertime sea spray aerosol (SSA) production and atmospheric composition are unknown. Herein, we identify SSA, produced locally from open sea ice fractures (leads), as the dominant aerosol source in the coastal Alaskan Arctic during winter, highlighting the year-round nature of Arctic SSA emissions. Nearly all of the individual SSA featured thick organic coatings, consisting of marine saccharides, amino acids, fatty acids, and divalent cations, consistent with exopolymeric secretions produced as cryoprotectants by sea ice algae and bacteria. In contrast, local summertime SSA lacked these organic carbon coatings, or featured thin coatings, with only open water nearby. The individual SSA composition was not consistent with frost flowers or surface snow above sea ice, suggesting that neither hypothesized frost flower aerosolization nor blowing snow sublimation resulted in the observed SSA. These results further demonstrate the need for inclusion of lead-based SSA production in modeling of Arctic atmospheric composition. The identified connections between changing sea ice, microbiology, and SSA point to the significance of sea ice lead biogeochemistry in altering Arctic atmospheric composition, clouds, and climate feedbacks during winter. |
author |
Kirpes, Rachel M. Bonanno, Daniel May, Nathaniel W. Fraund, Matthew Barget, Anna J. Moffet, Ryan C. Ault, Andrew P. Pratt, Kerri A. |
author_facet |
Kirpes, Rachel M. Bonanno, Daniel May, Nathaniel W. Fraund, Matthew Barget, Anna J. Moffet, Ryan C. Ault, Andrew P. Pratt, Kerri A. |
author_sort |
Kirpes, Rachel M. |
title |
Wintertime Arctic Sea Spray Aerosol Composition Controlled by Sea Ice Lead Microbiology |
title_short |
Wintertime Arctic Sea Spray Aerosol Composition Controlled by Sea Ice Lead Microbiology |
title_full |
Wintertime Arctic Sea Spray Aerosol Composition Controlled by Sea Ice Lead Microbiology |
title_fullStr |
Wintertime Arctic Sea Spray Aerosol Composition Controlled by Sea Ice Lead Microbiology |
title_full_unstemmed |
Wintertime Arctic Sea Spray Aerosol Composition Controlled by Sea Ice Lead Microbiology |
title_sort |
wintertime arctic sea spray aerosol composition controlled by sea ice lead microbiology |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
http://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1576742 https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1576742 https://doi.org/10.1021/acscentsci.9b00541 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic ice algae Sea ice |
genre_facet |
Arctic ice algae Sea ice |
op_relation |
http://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1576742 https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1576742 https://doi.org/10.1021/acscentsci.9b00541 doi:10.1021/acscentsci.9b00541 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1021/acscentsci.9b00541 |
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ACS Central Science |
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1760 |
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1767 |
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1772810920301428736 |