The EBEX Balloon-borne Experiment—Optics, Receiver, and Polarimetry
The E and B Experiment (EBEX) was a long-duration balloon-borne cosmic microwave background (CMB) polarimeter that flew over Antarctica in 2012. We describe the experiment's optical system, receiver, and polarimetric method and discuss their in-flight performance. EBEX had three frequency bands...
Published in: | The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
Language: | unknown |
Published: |
2022
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | http://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1544087 https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1544087 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4365/aae434 |
id |
ftosti:oai:osti.gov:1544087 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftosti:oai:osti.gov:1544087 2023-07-30T03:56:51+02:00 The EBEX Balloon-borne Experiment—Optics, Receiver, and Polarimetry Aboobaker, Asad M. Ade, Peter Araujo, Derek Aubin, François Baccigalupi, Carlo Bao, Chaoyun Chapman, Daniel Didier, Joy Dobbs, Matt Geach, Christopher Grainger, Will Hanany, Shaul Helson, Kyle Hillbrand, Seth Hubmayr, Johannes Jaffe, Andrew Johnson, Bradley Jones, Terry Klein, Jeff Korotkov, Andrei Lee, Adrian Levinson, Lorne Limon, Michele MacDermid, Kevin Matsumura, Tomotake Miller, Amber D. Milligan, Michael Raach, Kate Reichborn-Kjennerud, Britt Sagiv, Ilan Savini, Giorgio Spencer, Locke Tucker, Carole Tucker, Gregory S. Westbrook, Benjamin Young, Karl Zilic, Kyle 2022-05-26 application/pdf http://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1544087 https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1544087 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4365/aae434 unknown http://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1544087 https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1544087 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4365/aae434 doi:10.3847/1538-4365/aae434 79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS 2022 ftosti https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4365/aae434 2023-07-11T09:35:11Z The E and B Experiment (EBEX) was a long-duration balloon-borne cosmic microwave background (CMB) polarimeter that flew over Antarctica in 2012. We describe the experiment's optical system, receiver, and polarimetric method and discuss their in-flight performance. EBEX had three frequency bands centered on 150, 250, and 410 GHz. To make effective use of limited mass and space, we created a 115 cm 2 sr high-throughput optical system that had two ambient temperature mirrors and four antireflection-coated polyethylene lenses per focal plane. All frequency bands shared the same optical train. Polarimetry was achieved with a continuously rotating achromatic half-wave plate (AHWP) that was levitated with a superconducting magnetic bearing (SMB). This is the first use of an SMB in astrophysics. Rotation stability was 0.45% over a period of 10 hr, and angular position accuracy was 0$^{°}_{.}$1. The measured modulation efficiency was above 90% for all bands. To our knowledge the 109% fractional bandwidth of the AHWP was the broadest implemented to date. The receiver, composed of one lens and the AHWP at a temperature of 4 K, the polarizing grid and other lenses at 1 K, and the two focal planes at 0.25 K, performed according to specifications, giving focal plane temperature stability with a fluctuation power spectrum that had a 1/f knee at 2 mHz. EBEX was the first balloon-borne instrument to implement technologies characteristic of modern CMB polarimeters, including high-throughput optical systems, and large arrays of transition edge sensor bolometric detectors with multiplexed readouts. Other/Unknown Material Antarc* Antarctica SciTec Connect (Office of Scientific and Technical Information - OSTI, U.S. Department of Energy) The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series 239 1 7 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
SciTec Connect (Office of Scientific and Technical Information - OSTI, U.S. Department of Energy) |
op_collection_id |
ftosti |
language |
unknown |
topic |
79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS |
spellingShingle |
79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS Aboobaker, Asad M. Ade, Peter Araujo, Derek Aubin, François Baccigalupi, Carlo Bao, Chaoyun Chapman, Daniel Didier, Joy Dobbs, Matt Geach, Christopher Grainger, Will Hanany, Shaul Helson, Kyle Hillbrand, Seth Hubmayr, Johannes Jaffe, Andrew Johnson, Bradley Jones, Terry Klein, Jeff Korotkov, Andrei Lee, Adrian Levinson, Lorne Limon, Michele MacDermid, Kevin Matsumura, Tomotake Miller, Amber D. Milligan, Michael Raach, Kate Reichborn-Kjennerud, Britt Sagiv, Ilan Savini, Giorgio Spencer, Locke Tucker, Carole Tucker, Gregory S. Westbrook, Benjamin Young, Karl Zilic, Kyle The EBEX Balloon-borne Experiment—Optics, Receiver, and Polarimetry |
topic_facet |
79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS |
description |
The E and B Experiment (EBEX) was a long-duration balloon-borne cosmic microwave background (CMB) polarimeter that flew over Antarctica in 2012. We describe the experiment's optical system, receiver, and polarimetric method and discuss their in-flight performance. EBEX had three frequency bands centered on 150, 250, and 410 GHz. To make effective use of limited mass and space, we created a 115 cm 2 sr high-throughput optical system that had two ambient temperature mirrors and four antireflection-coated polyethylene lenses per focal plane. All frequency bands shared the same optical train. Polarimetry was achieved with a continuously rotating achromatic half-wave plate (AHWP) that was levitated with a superconducting magnetic bearing (SMB). This is the first use of an SMB in astrophysics. Rotation stability was 0.45% over a period of 10 hr, and angular position accuracy was 0$^{°}_{.}$1. The measured modulation efficiency was above 90% for all bands. To our knowledge the 109% fractional bandwidth of the AHWP was the broadest implemented to date. The receiver, composed of one lens and the AHWP at a temperature of 4 K, the polarizing grid and other lenses at 1 K, and the two focal planes at 0.25 K, performed according to specifications, giving focal plane temperature stability with a fluctuation power spectrum that had a 1/f knee at 2 mHz. EBEX was the first balloon-borne instrument to implement technologies characteristic of modern CMB polarimeters, including high-throughput optical systems, and large arrays of transition edge sensor bolometric detectors with multiplexed readouts. |
author |
Aboobaker, Asad M. Ade, Peter Araujo, Derek Aubin, François Baccigalupi, Carlo Bao, Chaoyun Chapman, Daniel Didier, Joy Dobbs, Matt Geach, Christopher Grainger, Will Hanany, Shaul Helson, Kyle Hillbrand, Seth Hubmayr, Johannes Jaffe, Andrew Johnson, Bradley Jones, Terry Klein, Jeff Korotkov, Andrei Lee, Adrian Levinson, Lorne Limon, Michele MacDermid, Kevin Matsumura, Tomotake Miller, Amber D. Milligan, Michael Raach, Kate Reichborn-Kjennerud, Britt Sagiv, Ilan Savini, Giorgio Spencer, Locke Tucker, Carole Tucker, Gregory S. Westbrook, Benjamin Young, Karl Zilic, Kyle |
author_facet |
Aboobaker, Asad M. Ade, Peter Araujo, Derek Aubin, François Baccigalupi, Carlo Bao, Chaoyun Chapman, Daniel Didier, Joy Dobbs, Matt Geach, Christopher Grainger, Will Hanany, Shaul Helson, Kyle Hillbrand, Seth Hubmayr, Johannes Jaffe, Andrew Johnson, Bradley Jones, Terry Klein, Jeff Korotkov, Andrei Lee, Adrian Levinson, Lorne Limon, Michele MacDermid, Kevin Matsumura, Tomotake Miller, Amber D. Milligan, Michael Raach, Kate Reichborn-Kjennerud, Britt Sagiv, Ilan Savini, Giorgio Spencer, Locke Tucker, Carole Tucker, Gregory S. Westbrook, Benjamin Young, Karl Zilic, Kyle |
author_sort |
Aboobaker, Asad M. |
title |
The EBEX Balloon-borne Experiment—Optics, Receiver, and Polarimetry |
title_short |
The EBEX Balloon-borne Experiment—Optics, Receiver, and Polarimetry |
title_full |
The EBEX Balloon-borne Experiment—Optics, Receiver, and Polarimetry |
title_fullStr |
The EBEX Balloon-borne Experiment—Optics, Receiver, and Polarimetry |
title_full_unstemmed |
The EBEX Balloon-borne Experiment—Optics, Receiver, and Polarimetry |
title_sort |
ebex balloon-borne experiment—optics, receiver, and polarimetry |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
http://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1544087 https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1544087 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4365/aae434 |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctica |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctica |
op_relation |
http://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1544087 https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1544087 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4365/aae434 doi:10.3847/1538-4365/aae434 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4365/aae434 |
container_title |
The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series |
container_volume |
239 |
container_issue |
1 |
container_start_page |
7 |
_version_ |
1772814872582553600 |