Process-Based Model Evaluation Using Surface Energy Budget Observations in Central Greenland
Energy exchange at the Greenland ice sheet surface governs surface temperature variability, a factor critical for representing surface melt. Physical processes link driving forces to subsequent surface energy budget responses, including radiative, turbulent, and ground heat fluxes, and ultimately co...
Published in: | Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres |
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Online Access: | http://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1539727 https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1539727 https://doi.org/10.1029/2017jd027377 |
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ftosti:oai:osti.gov:1539727 2023-07-30T04:03:48+02:00 Process-Based Model Evaluation Using Surface Energy Budget Observations in Central Greenland Miller, Nathaniel B. Shupe, Matthew D. Lenaerts, Jan T. M. Kay, Jennifer E. de Boer, Gijs Bennartz, Ralf 2022-03-31 application/pdf http://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1539727 https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1539727 https://doi.org/10.1029/2017jd027377 unknown http://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1539727 https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1539727 https://doi.org/10.1029/2017jd027377 doi:10.1029/2017jd027377 54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES 2022 ftosti https://doi.org/10.1029/2017jd027377 2023-07-11T09:34:54Z Energy exchange at the Greenland ice sheet surface governs surface temperature variability, a factor critical for representing surface melt. Physical processes link driving forces to subsequent surface energy budget responses, including radiative, turbulent, and ground heat fluxes, and ultimately control surface temperature evolution. A reanalysis product (ERA-Interim, ERA-I), operational model (Climate Forecast System version 2, CFSv2), and climate model (Community Earth System Model, CESM) are evaluated using a comprehensive set of surface energy budget observations and process-based relationships obtained at Summit, Greenland. Simulated downwelling longwave radiation is underestimated, which is linked to a deficiency of liquid-bearing clouds. Lower than observed surface albedo, especially in ERA-I, compensates for summer deficiencies in downwelling longwave radiation. In winter, such deficiencies are compensated by an overestimation of the sensible heat flux. Process-based relationships convey that all three models underestimate the response of surface temperature to changes in radiative forcing, primarily due to an overactive ground heat flux response in ERA-I, turbulent heat fluxes in CFSv2, and sensible heat flux in CESM. Cross comparison of three distinct models indicates that the ground heat flux response for ERA-I, CFSv2, and CESM is too high, too low, and comparatively accurate, respectively, signifying the benefit of using an advanced representation of snow properties. Relatively small biases in CESM surface albedo suggest that advances in the representation of cloud microphysics result in more realistic radiative forcing. These results provide insight into model strengths and deficiencies, indicating the importance of representing physical processes when portraying cloud impacts on surface temperature variability. Other/Unknown Material Greenland Ice Sheet SciTec Connect (Office of Scientific and Technical Information - OSTI, U.S. Department of Energy) Greenland Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 123 10 4777 4796 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
SciTec Connect (Office of Scientific and Technical Information - OSTI, U.S. Department of Energy) |
op_collection_id |
ftosti |
language |
unknown |
topic |
54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES |
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54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Miller, Nathaniel B. Shupe, Matthew D. Lenaerts, Jan T. M. Kay, Jennifer E. de Boer, Gijs Bennartz, Ralf Process-Based Model Evaluation Using Surface Energy Budget Observations in Central Greenland |
topic_facet |
54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES |
description |
Energy exchange at the Greenland ice sheet surface governs surface temperature variability, a factor critical for representing surface melt. Physical processes link driving forces to subsequent surface energy budget responses, including radiative, turbulent, and ground heat fluxes, and ultimately control surface temperature evolution. A reanalysis product (ERA-Interim, ERA-I), operational model (Climate Forecast System version 2, CFSv2), and climate model (Community Earth System Model, CESM) are evaluated using a comprehensive set of surface energy budget observations and process-based relationships obtained at Summit, Greenland. Simulated downwelling longwave radiation is underestimated, which is linked to a deficiency of liquid-bearing clouds. Lower than observed surface albedo, especially in ERA-I, compensates for summer deficiencies in downwelling longwave radiation. In winter, such deficiencies are compensated by an overestimation of the sensible heat flux. Process-based relationships convey that all three models underestimate the response of surface temperature to changes in radiative forcing, primarily due to an overactive ground heat flux response in ERA-I, turbulent heat fluxes in CFSv2, and sensible heat flux in CESM. Cross comparison of three distinct models indicates that the ground heat flux response for ERA-I, CFSv2, and CESM is too high, too low, and comparatively accurate, respectively, signifying the benefit of using an advanced representation of snow properties. Relatively small biases in CESM surface albedo suggest that advances in the representation of cloud microphysics result in more realistic radiative forcing. These results provide insight into model strengths and deficiencies, indicating the importance of representing physical processes when portraying cloud impacts on surface temperature variability. |
author |
Miller, Nathaniel B. Shupe, Matthew D. Lenaerts, Jan T. M. Kay, Jennifer E. de Boer, Gijs Bennartz, Ralf |
author_facet |
Miller, Nathaniel B. Shupe, Matthew D. Lenaerts, Jan T. M. Kay, Jennifer E. de Boer, Gijs Bennartz, Ralf |
author_sort |
Miller, Nathaniel B. |
title |
Process-Based Model Evaluation Using Surface Energy Budget Observations in Central Greenland |
title_short |
Process-Based Model Evaluation Using Surface Energy Budget Observations in Central Greenland |
title_full |
Process-Based Model Evaluation Using Surface Energy Budget Observations in Central Greenland |
title_fullStr |
Process-Based Model Evaluation Using Surface Energy Budget Observations in Central Greenland |
title_full_unstemmed |
Process-Based Model Evaluation Using Surface Energy Budget Observations in Central Greenland |
title_sort |
process-based model evaluation using surface energy budget observations in central greenland |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
http://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1539727 https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1539727 https://doi.org/10.1029/2017jd027377 |
geographic |
Greenland |
geographic_facet |
Greenland |
genre |
Greenland Ice Sheet |
genre_facet |
Greenland Ice Sheet |
op_relation |
http://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1539727 https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1539727 https://doi.org/10.1029/2017jd027377 doi:10.1029/2017jd027377 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1029/2017jd027377 |
container_title |
Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres |
container_volume |
123 |
container_issue |
10 |
container_start_page |
4777 |
op_container_end_page |
4796 |
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1772814912508133376 |