Tagging CO2 to Enable Quantitative Inventories of Geological Carbon Storage
In the wake of concerns about the long term integrity and containment of sub-surface CO2 sequestration reservoirs, many efforts have been made to improve the monitoring, verification, and accounting methods for geo-sequestered CO2. Our project aimed to demonstrate the feasibility of a system designe...
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ftosti:oai:osti.gov:1165571 2023-07-30T04:04:26+02:00 Tagging CO2 to Enable Quantitative Inventories of Geological Carbon Storage Lackner, Klaus Matter, Juerg Park, Ah-Hyung Stute, Martin Carson, Cantwell Ji, Yinghuang 2016-06-20 application/pdf http://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1165571 https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1165571 https://doi.org/10.2172/1165571 unknown http://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1165571 https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1165571 https://doi.org/10.2172/1165571 doi:10.2172/1165571 2016 ftosti https://doi.org/10.2172/1165571 2023-07-11T08:58:11Z In the wake of concerns about the long term integrity and containment of sub-surface CO2 sequestration reservoirs, many efforts have been made to improve the monitoring, verification, and accounting methods for geo-sequestered CO2. Our project aimed to demonstrate the feasibility of a system designed to tag CO2 with carbon isotope 14C immediately prior to sequestration to a level that is normal on the surface (one part per trillion). Because carbon found at depth is naturally free of 14C, this tag would easily differentiate pre-existing carbon from anthropogenic injected carbon and provide an excellent handle for monitoring its whereabouts in the subsurface. It also creates an excellent handle for adding up anthropogenic carbon inventories. Future inventories in effect count 14C atoms. Accordingly, we have developed a 14C tagging system suitable for use at the part-per-trillion level. This system consists of a gas-exchange apparatus to make disposable cartridges ready for controlled injection into a fast flowing stream of pressurized CO2. We built a high-pressure injection and tagging system, and a 14C detection system. The disposable cartridge and injection system have been successfully demonstrated in the lab with a high-pressure flow reactor, as well as in the field at the CarbFix CO2 sequestration site in Iceland. The laser-based 14C detection system originally conceived has been shown to possess inadequate sensitivity for ambient levels. Alternative methods for detecting 14C, such as saturated cavity absorption ringdown spectroscopy and scintillation counting, may still be suitable. KEYWORDS Other/Unknown Material Iceland SciTec Connect (Office of Scientific and Technical Information - OSTI, U.S. Department of Energy) |
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SciTec Connect (Office of Scientific and Technical Information - OSTI, U.S. Department of Energy) |
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In the wake of concerns about the long term integrity and containment of sub-surface CO2 sequestration reservoirs, many efforts have been made to improve the monitoring, verification, and accounting methods for geo-sequestered CO2. Our project aimed to demonstrate the feasibility of a system designed to tag CO2 with carbon isotope 14C immediately prior to sequestration to a level that is normal on the surface (one part per trillion). Because carbon found at depth is naturally free of 14C, this tag would easily differentiate pre-existing carbon from anthropogenic injected carbon and provide an excellent handle for monitoring its whereabouts in the subsurface. It also creates an excellent handle for adding up anthropogenic carbon inventories. Future inventories in effect count 14C atoms. Accordingly, we have developed a 14C tagging system suitable for use at the part-per-trillion level. This system consists of a gas-exchange apparatus to make disposable cartridges ready for controlled injection into a fast flowing stream of pressurized CO2. We built a high-pressure injection and tagging system, and a 14C detection system. The disposable cartridge and injection system have been successfully demonstrated in the lab with a high-pressure flow reactor, as well as in the field at the CarbFix CO2 sequestration site in Iceland. The laser-based 14C detection system originally conceived has been shown to possess inadequate sensitivity for ambient levels. Alternative methods for detecting 14C, such as saturated cavity absorption ringdown spectroscopy and scintillation counting, may still be suitable. KEYWORDS |
author |
Lackner, Klaus Matter, Juerg Park, Ah-Hyung Stute, Martin Carson, Cantwell Ji, Yinghuang |
spellingShingle |
Lackner, Klaus Matter, Juerg Park, Ah-Hyung Stute, Martin Carson, Cantwell Ji, Yinghuang Tagging CO2 to Enable Quantitative Inventories of Geological Carbon Storage |
author_facet |
Lackner, Klaus Matter, Juerg Park, Ah-Hyung Stute, Martin Carson, Cantwell Ji, Yinghuang |
author_sort |
Lackner, Klaus |
title |
Tagging CO2 to Enable Quantitative Inventories of Geological Carbon Storage |
title_short |
Tagging CO2 to Enable Quantitative Inventories of Geological Carbon Storage |
title_full |
Tagging CO2 to Enable Quantitative Inventories of Geological Carbon Storage |
title_fullStr |
Tagging CO2 to Enable Quantitative Inventories of Geological Carbon Storage |
title_full_unstemmed |
Tagging CO2 to Enable Quantitative Inventories of Geological Carbon Storage |
title_sort |
tagging co2 to enable quantitative inventories of geological carbon storage |
publishDate |
2016 |
url |
http://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1165571 https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1165571 https://doi.org/10.2172/1165571 |
genre |
Iceland |
genre_facet |
Iceland |
op_relation |
http://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1165571 https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1165571 https://doi.org/10.2172/1165571 doi:10.2172/1165571 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.2172/1165571 |
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1772815881502457856 |