Microwave and Millimeter-Wave Radiometric Studies of Temperature, Water Vapor and Clouds
The importance of accurate measurements of column amounts of water vapor and cloud liquid has been well documented by scientists within the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Program. At the North Slope of Alaska (NSA), both microwave radiometers (MWR) and the MWRProfiler (MWRP), been used oper...
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ftosti:oai:osti.gov:1015232 2023-07-30T04:01:17+02:00 Microwave and Millimeter-Wave Radiometric Studies of Temperature, Water Vapor and Clouds Westwater, Edgeworth 2016-12-05 application/pdf http://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1015232 https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1015232 https://doi.org/10.2172/1015232 unknown http://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1015232 https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1015232 https://doi.org/10.2172/1015232 doi:10.2172/1015232 54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES ACCURACY ARCTIC OCEAN BRIGHTNESS CALIBRATION CLOUDS COMPUTERS GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM HEATING PROGRESS REPORT RADIATIONS RADIOMETERS SIMULATION SPECTRAL RESPONSE WATER WATER VAPOR WAVELENGTHS 2016 ftosti https://doi.org/10.2172/1015232 2023-07-11T08:50:01Z The importance of accurate measurements of column amounts of water vapor and cloud liquid has been well documented by scientists within the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Program. At the North Slope of Alaska (NSA), both microwave radiometers (MWR) and the MWRProfiler (MWRP), been used operationally by ARM for passive retrievals of the quantities: Precipitable Water Vapor (PWV) and Liquid Water Path (LWP). However, it has been convincingly shown that these instruments are inadequate to measure low amounts of PWV and LWP. In the case of water vapor, this is especially important during the Arctic winter, when PWV is frequently less than 2 mm. For low amounts of LWP (< 50 g/m{sup 2}), the MWR and MWRP retrievals have an accuracy that is also not acceptable. To address some of these needs, in March-April 2004, NOAA and ARM conducted the NSA Arctic Winter Radiometric Experiment - Water Vapor Intensive Operational Period at the ARM NSA/Adjacent Arctic Ocean (NSA/AAO) site. After this experiment, the radiometer group at NOAA moved to the Center for Environmental Technology (CET) of the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering of the University of Colorado at Boulder. During this 2004 experiment, a total of 220 radiosondes were launched, and radiometric data from 22.235 to 380 GHz were obtained. Primary instruments included the ARM MWR and MWRP, a Global Positioning System (GPS), as well as the CET Ground-based Scanning Radiometer (GSR). We have analyzed data from these instruments to answer several questions of importance to ARM, including: (a) techniques for improved water vapor measurements; (b) improved calibration techniques during cloudy conditions; (c) the spectral response of radiometers to a variety of conditions: clear, liquid, ice, and mixed phase clouds; and (d) forward modeling of microwave and millimeter wave brightness temperatures from 22 to 380 GHz. Many of these results have been published in the open literature. During the third year of this contract, we participated in another ... Other/Unknown Material Arctic Arctic Ocean north slope Alaska SciTec Connect (Office of Scientific and Technical Information - OSTI, U.S. Department of Energy) Arctic Arctic Ocean |
institution |
Open Polar |
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SciTec Connect (Office of Scientific and Technical Information - OSTI, U.S. Department of Energy) |
op_collection_id |
ftosti |
language |
unknown |
topic |
54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES ACCURACY ARCTIC OCEAN BRIGHTNESS CALIBRATION CLOUDS COMPUTERS GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM HEATING PROGRESS REPORT RADIATIONS RADIOMETERS SIMULATION SPECTRAL RESPONSE WATER WATER VAPOR WAVELENGTHS |
spellingShingle |
54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES ACCURACY ARCTIC OCEAN BRIGHTNESS CALIBRATION CLOUDS COMPUTERS GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM HEATING PROGRESS REPORT RADIATIONS RADIOMETERS SIMULATION SPECTRAL RESPONSE WATER WATER VAPOR WAVELENGTHS Westwater, Edgeworth Microwave and Millimeter-Wave Radiometric Studies of Temperature, Water Vapor and Clouds |
topic_facet |
54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES ACCURACY ARCTIC OCEAN BRIGHTNESS CALIBRATION CLOUDS COMPUTERS GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM HEATING PROGRESS REPORT RADIATIONS RADIOMETERS SIMULATION SPECTRAL RESPONSE WATER WATER VAPOR WAVELENGTHS |
description |
The importance of accurate measurements of column amounts of water vapor and cloud liquid has been well documented by scientists within the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Program. At the North Slope of Alaska (NSA), both microwave radiometers (MWR) and the MWRProfiler (MWRP), been used operationally by ARM for passive retrievals of the quantities: Precipitable Water Vapor (PWV) and Liquid Water Path (LWP). However, it has been convincingly shown that these instruments are inadequate to measure low amounts of PWV and LWP. In the case of water vapor, this is especially important during the Arctic winter, when PWV is frequently less than 2 mm. For low amounts of LWP (< 50 g/m{sup 2}), the MWR and MWRP retrievals have an accuracy that is also not acceptable. To address some of these needs, in March-April 2004, NOAA and ARM conducted the NSA Arctic Winter Radiometric Experiment - Water Vapor Intensive Operational Period at the ARM NSA/Adjacent Arctic Ocean (NSA/AAO) site. After this experiment, the radiometer group at NOAA moved to the Center for Environmental Technology (CET) of the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering of the University of Colorado at Boulder. During this 2004 experiment, a total of 220 radiosondes were launched, and radiometric data from 22.235 to 380 GHz were obtained. Primary instruments included the ARM MWR and MWRP, a Global Positioning System (GPS), as well as the CET Ground-based Scanning Radiometer (GSR). We have analyzed data from these instruments to answer several questions of importance to ARM, including: (a) techniques for improved water vapor measurements; (b) improved calibration techniques during cloudy conditions; (c) the spectral response of radiometers to a variety of conditions: clear, liquid, ice, and mixed phase clouds; and (d) forward modeling of microwave and millimeter wave brightness temperatures from 22 to 380 GHz. Many of these results have been published in the open literature. During the third year of this contract, we participated in another ... |
author |
Westwater, Edgeworth |
author_facet |
Westwater, Edgeworth |
author_sort |
Westwater, Edgeworth |
title |
Microwave and Millimeter-Wave Radiometric Studies of Temperature, Water Vapor and Clouds |
title_short |
Microwave and Millimeter-Wave Radiometric Studies of Temperature, Water Vapor and Clouds |
title_full |
Microwave and Millimeter-Wave Radiometric Studies of Temperature, Water Vapor and Clouds |
title_fullStr |
Microwave and Millimeter-Wave Radiometric Studies of Temperature, Water Vapor and Clouds |
title_full_unstemmed |
Microwave and Millimeter-Wave Radiometric Studies of Temperature, Water Vapor and Clouds |
title_sort |
microwave and millimeter-wave radiometric studies of temperature, water vapor and clouds |
publishDate |
2016 |
url |
http://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1015232 https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1015232 https://doi.org/10.2172/1015232 |
geographic |
Arctic Arctic Ocean |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Arctic Ocean |
genre |
Arctic Arctic Ocean north slope Alaska |
genre_facet |
Arctic Arctic Ocean north slope Alaska |
op_relation |
http://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1015232 https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1015232 https://doi.org/10.2172/1015232 doi:10.2172/1015232 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.2172/1015232 |
_version_ |
1772812030176133120 |