The Evolution of AGN Activity in Brightest Cluster Galaxies
We present the results of an analysis of Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) observations of the full 2500 deg2 South Pole Telescope (SPT)-Sunyaev–Zel'dovich cluster sample. We describe a process for identifying active galactic nuclei (AGN) in brightest cluster galaxies (BCGs) based on W...
Published in: | The Astronomical Journal |
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Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
University of Chicago Press
2022
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Subjects: | |
Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/10852/94736 http://urn.nb.no/URN:NBN:no-97272 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ac5030 |
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institution |
Open Polar |
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Universitet i Oslo: Digitale utgivelser ved UiO (DUO) |
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ftoslouniv |
language |
English |
topic |
VDP::Astrofysikk astronomi: 438 |
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VDP::Astrofysikk astronomi: 438 Somboonpanyakul, T. McDonald, M. Noble, A. Aguena, M. Allam, S. Amon, A. Andrade-Oliveira, F. Bacon, D. Bayliss, M.B. Bertin, E. Bhargava, S. Brooks, D. Buckley-Geer, E. Burke, D.L. Calzadilla, M. Canning, R. Carnero Rosell, A. Carrasco Kind, M. Carretero, J. Costanzi, M. da Costa, L.N. Pereira, M.E.S. De Vicente, J. Doel, P. Eisenhardt, P. Everett, S. Evrard, A.E. Ferrero, Ismael Flaugher, B. Floyd, B. García-Bellido, J. Gaztanaga, E. Gerdes, D.W. Gonzalez, A. Gruen, D. Gruendl, R.A. Gschwend, J. Gupta, N. Gutierrez, G. Hinton, S.R. Hollowood, D.L. Honscheid, K. Hoyle, B. James, D.J. Jeltema, T. Khullar, G. Kim, K.J. Klein, M. Kuehn, K. Lima, M. Maia, M.A.G. Marshall, J.L. Martini, P. Melchior, P. Menanteau, F. Miquel, R. Mohr, J.J. Morgan, R. Ogando, R.L.C. Palmese, A. Paz-Chinchón, F. Pieres, A. Plazas Malagón, A.A. Reil, K. Romer, A.K. Ruppin, F. Sanchez, E. Saro, A. Scarpine, V. Schubnell, M. Serrano, S. Sevilla-Noarbe, I. Singh, P. Smith, M. Soares-Santos, M. Strazzullo, V. Suchyta, E. Swanson, M.E.C. Tarle, G. To, C. Tucker, D.L. Wilkinson, R.D. The Evolution of AGN Activity in Brightest Cluster Galaxies |
topic_facet |
VDP::Astrofysikk astronomi: 438 |
description |
We present the results of an analysis of Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) observations of the full 2500 deg2 South Pole Telescope (SPT)-Sunyaev–Zel'dovich cluster sample. We describe a process for identifying active galactic nuclei (AGN) in brightest cluster galaxies (BCGs) based on WISE mid-IR color and redshift. Applying this technique to the BCGs of the SPT-SZ sample, we calculate the AGN-hosting BCG fraction, which is defined as the fraction of BCGs hosting bright central AGNs over all possible BCGs. Assuming an evolving single-burst stellar population model, we find statistically significant evidence (>99.9%) for a mid-IR excess at high redshift compared to low redshift, suggesting that the fraction of AGN-hosting BCGs increases with redshift over the range of 0 < z < 1.3. The best-fit redshift trend of the AGN-hosting BCG fraction has the form (1 + z)4.1±1.0. These results are consistent with previous studies in galaxy clusters as well as as in field galaxies. One way to explain this result is that member galaxies at high redshift tend to have more cold gas. While BCGs in nearby galaxy clusters grow mostly by dry mergers with cluster members, leading to no increase in AGN activity, BCGs at high redshift could primarily merge with gas-rich satellites, providing fuel for feeding AGNs. If this observed increase in AGN activity is linked to gas-rich mergers rather than ICM cooling, we would expect to see an increase in scatter in the Pcav versus Lcool relation at z > 1. Last, this work confirms that the runaway cooling phase, as predicted by the classical cooling-flow model, in the Phoenix cluster is extremely rare and most BCGs have low (relative to Eddington) black hole accretion rates. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Somboonpanyakul, T. McDonald, M. Noble, A. Aguena, M. Allam, S. Amon, A. Andrade-Oliveira, F. Bacon, D. Bayliss, M.B. Bertin, E. Bhargava, S. Brooks, D. Buckley-Geer, E. Burke, D.L. Calzadilla, M. Canning, R. Carnero Rosell, A. Carrasco Kind, M. Carretero, J. Costanzi, M. da Costa, L.N. Pereira, M.E.S. De Vicente, J. Doel, P. Eisenhardt, P. Everett, S. Evrard, A.E. Ferrero, Ismael Flaugher, B. Floyd, B. García-Bellido, J. Gaztanaga, E. Gerdes, D.W. Gonzalez, A. Gruen, D. Gruendl, R.A. Gschwend, J. Gupta, N. Gutierrez, G. Hinton, S.R. Hollowood, D.L. Honscheid, K. Hoyle, B. James, D.J. Jeltema, T. Khullar, G. Kim, K.J. Klein, M. Kuehn, K. Lima, M. Maia, M.A.G. Marshall, J.L. Martini, P. Melchior, P. Menanteau, F. Miquel, R. Mohr, J.J. Morgan, R. Ogando, R.L.C. Palmese, A. Paz-Chinchón, F. Pieres, A. Plazas Malagón, A.A. Reil, K. Romer, A.K. Ruppin, F. Sanchez, E. Saro, A. Scarpine, V. Schubnell, M. Serrano, S. Sevilla-Noarbe, I. Singh, P. Smith, M. Soares-Santos, M. Strazzullo, V. Suchyta, E. Swanson, M.E.C. Tarle, G. To, C. Tucker, D.L. Wilkinson, R.D. |
author_facet |
Somboonpanyakul, T. McDonald, M. Noble, A. Aguena, M. Allam, S. Amon, A. Andrade-Oliveira, F. Bacon, D. Bayliss, M.B. Bertin, E. Bhargava, S. Brooks, D. Buckley-Geer, E. Burke, D.L. Calzadilla, M. Canning, R. Carnero Rosell, A. Carrasco Kind, M. Carretero, J. Costanzi, M. da Costa, L.N. Pereira, M.E.S. De Vicente, J. Doel, P. Eisenhardt, P. Everett, S. Evrard, A.E. Ferrero, Ismael Flaugher, B. Floyd, B. García-Bellido, J. Gaztanaga, E. Gerdes, D.W. Gonzalez, A. Gruen, D. Gruendl, R.A. Gschwend, J. Gupta, N. Gutierrez, G. Hinton, S.R. Hollowood, D.L. Honscheid, K. Hoyle, B. James, D.J. Jeltema, T. Khullar, G. Kim, K.J. Klein, M. Kuehn, K. Lima, M. Maia, M.A.G. Marshall, J.L. Martini, P. Melchior, P. Menanteau, F. Miquel, R. Mohr, J.J. Morgan, R. Ogando, R.L.C. Palmese, A. Paz-Chinchón, F. Pieres, A. Plazas Malagón, A.A. Reil, K. Romer, A.K. Ruppin, F. Sanchez, E. Saro, A. Scarpine, V. Schubnell, M. Serrano, S. Sevilla-Noarbe, I. Singh, P. Smith, M. Soares-Santos, M. Strazzullo, V. Suchyta, E. Swanson, M.E.C. Tarle, G. To, C. Tucker, D.L. Wilkinson, R.D. |
author_sort |
Somboonpanyakul, T. |
title |
The Evolution of AGN Activity in Brightest Cluster Galaxies |
title_short |
The Evolution of AGN Activity in Brightest Cluster Galaxies |
title_full |
The Evolution of AGN Activity in Brightest Cluster Galaxies |
title_fullStr |
The Evolution of AGN Activity in Brightest Cluster Galaxies |
title_full_unstemmed |
The Evolution of AGN Activity in Brightest Cluster Galaxies |
title_sort |
evolution of agn activity in brightest cluster galaxies |
publisher |
University of Chicago Press |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10852/94736 http://urn.nb.no/URN:NBN:no-97272 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ac5030 |
geographic |
South Pole |
geographic_facet |
South Pole |
genre |
South pole |
genre_facet |
South pole |
op_source |
0004-6256 |
op_relation |
NFR/287772 http://urn.nb.no/URN:NBN:no-97272 Somboonpanyakul, T. McDonald, M. Noble, A. Aguena, M. Allam, S. Amon, A. Andrade-Oliveira, F. Bacon, D. Bayliss, M.B. Bertin, E. Bhargava, S. Brooks, D. Buckley-Geer, E. Burke, D.L. Calzadilla, M. Canning, R. Carnero Rosell, A. Carrasco Kind, M. Carretero, J. Costanzi, M. da Costa, L.N. Pereira, M.E.S. De Vicente, J. Doel, P. Eisenhardt, P. Everett, S. Evrard, A.E. Ferrero, Ismael Flaugher, B. Floyd, B. García-Bellido, J. Gaztanaga, E. Gerdes, D.W. Gonzalez, A. Gruen, D. Gruendl, R.A. Gschwend, J. Gupta, N. Gutierrez, G. Hinton, S.R. Hollowood, D.L. Honscheid, K. Hoyle, B. James, D.J. Jeltema, T. Khullar, G. Kim, K.J. Klein, M. Kuehn, K. Lima, M. Maia, M.A.G. Marshall, J.L. Martini, P. Melchior, P. Menanteau, F. Miquel, R. Mohr, J.J. Morgan, R. Ogando, R.L.C. Palmese, A. Paz-Chinchón, F. Pieres, A. Plazas Malagón, A.A. Reil, K. Romer, A.K. Ruppin, F. Sanchez, E. Saro, A. Scarpine, V. Schubnell, M. Serrano, S. Sevilla-Noarbe, I. Singh, P. Smith, M. Soares-Santos, M. Strazzullo, V. Suchyta, E. Swanson, M.E.C. Tarle, G. To, C. Tucker, D.L. Wilkinson, R.D. . The Evolution of AGN Activity in Brightest Cluster Galaxies. Astronomical Journal. 2022, 163(4) http://hdl.handle.net/10852/94736 2029722 info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.jtitle=Astronomical Journal&rft.volume=163&rft.spage=&rft.date=2022 Astronomical Journal 163 12 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ac5030 URN:NBN:no-97272 Fulltext https://www.duo.uio.no/bitstream/handle/10852/94736/1/Somboonpanyakul_2022_AJ_163_146.pdf |
op_rights |
Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ac5030 |
container_title |
The Astronomical Journal |
container_volume |
163 |
container_issue |
4 |
container_start_page |
146 |
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1811645449761718272 |
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ftoslouniv:oai:www.duo.uio.no:10852/94736 2024-09-30T14:43:49+00:00 The Evolution of AGN Activity in Brightest Cluster Galaxies ENEngelskEnglishThe Evolution of AGN Activity in Brightest Cluster Galaxies Somboonpanyakul, T. McDonald, M. Noble, A. Aguena, M. Allam, S. Amon, A. Andrade-Oliveira, F. Bacon, D. Bayliss, M.B. Bertin, E. Bhargava, S. Brooks, D. Buckley-Geer, E. Burke, D.L. Calzadilla, M. Canning, R. Carnero Rosell, A. Carrasco Kind, M. Carretero, J. Costanzi, M. da Costa, L.N. Pereira, M.E.S. De Vicente, J. Doel, P. Eisenhardt, P. Everett, S. Evrard, A.E. Ferrero, Ismael Flaugher, B. Floyd, B. García-Bellido, J. Gaztanaga, E. Gerdes, D.W. Gonzalez, A. Gruen, D. Gruendl, R.A. Gschwend, J. Gupta, N. Gutierrez, G. Hinton, S.R. Hollowood, D.L. Honscheid, K. Hoyle, B. James, D.J. Jeltema, T. Khullar, G. Kim, K.J. Klein, M. Kuehn, K. Lima, M. Maia, M.A.G. Marshall, J.L. Martini, P. Melchior, P. Menanteau, F. Miquel, R. Mohr, J.J. Morgan, R. Ogando, R.L.C. Palmese, A. Paz-Chinchón, F. Pieres, A. Plazas Malagón, A.A. Reil, K. Romer, A.K. Ruppin, F. Sanchez, E. Saro, A. Scarpine, V. Schubnell, M. Serrano, S. Sevilla-Noarbe, I. Singh, P. Smith, M. Soares-Santos, M. Strazzullo, V. Suchyta, E. Swanson, M.E.C. Tarle, G. To, C. Tucker, D.L. Wilkinson, R.D. 2022-06-07T08:33:47Z http://hdl.handle.net/10852/94736 http://urn.nb.no/URN:NBN:no-97272 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ac5030 EN eng University of Chicago Press NFR/287772 http://urn.nb.no/URN:NBN:no-97272 Somboonpanyakul, T. McDonald, M. Noble, A. Aguena, M. Allam, S. Amon, A. Andrade-Oliveira, F. Bacon, D. Bayliss, M.B. Bertin, E. Bhargava, S. Brooks, D. Buckley-Geer, E. Burke, D.L. Calzadilla, M. Canning, R. Carnero Rosell, A. Carrasco Kind, M. Carretero, J. Costanzi, M. da Costa, L.N. Pereira, M.E.S. De Vicente, J. Doel, P. Eisenhardt, P. Everett, S. Evrard, A.E. Ferrero, Ismael Flaugher, B. Floyd, B. García-Bellido, J. Gaztanaga, E. Gerdes, D.W. Gonzalez, A. Gruen, D. Gruendl, R.A. Gschwend, J. Gupta, N. Gutierrez, G. Hinton, S.R. Hollowood, D.L. Honscheid, K. Hoyle, B. James, D.J. Jeltema, T. Khullar, G. Kim, K.J. Klein, M. Kuehn, K. Lima, M. Maia, M.A.G. Marshall, J.L. Martini, P. Melchior, P. Menanteau, F. Miquel, R. Mohr, J.J. Morgan, R. Ogando, R.L.C. Palmese, A. Paz-Chinchón, F. Pieres, A. Plazas Malagón, A.A. Reil, K. Romer, A.K. Ruppin, F. Sanchez, E. Saro, A. Scarpine, V. Schubnell, M. Serrano, S. Sevilla-Noarbe, I. Singh, P. Smith, M. Soares-Santos, M. Strazzullo, V. Suchyta, E. Swanson, M.E.C. Tarle, G. To, C. Tucker, D.L. Wilkinson, R.D. . The Evolution of AGN Activity in Brightest Cluster Galaxies. Astronomical Journal. 2022, 163(4) http://hdl.handle.net/10852/94736 2029722 info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.jtitle=Astronomical Journal&rft.volume=163&rft.spage=&rft.date=2022 Astronomical Journal 163 12 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ac5030 URN:NBN:no-97272 Fulltext https://www.duo.uio.no/bitstream/handle/10852/94736/1/Somboonpanyakul_2022_AJ_163_146.pdf Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 0004-6256 VDP::Astrofysikk astronomi: 438 Journal article Tidsskriftartikkel Peer reviewed PublishedVersion 2022 ftoslouniv https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ac5030 2024-09-12T05:44:05Z We present the results of an analysis of Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) observations of the full 2500 deg2 South Pole Telescope (SPT)-Sunyaev–Zel'dovich cluster sample. We describe a process for identifying active galactic nuclei (AGN) in brightest cluster galaxies (BCGs) based on WISE mid-IR color and redshift. Applying this technique to the BCGs of the SPT-SZ sample, we calculate the AGN-hosting BCG fraction, which is defined as the fraction of BCGs hosting bright central AGNs over all possible BCGs. Assuming an evolving single-burst stellar population model, we find statistically significant evidence (>99.9%) for a mid-IR excess at high redshift compared to low redshift, suggesting that the fraction of AGN-hosting BCGs increases with redshift over the range of 0 < z < 1.3. The best-fit redshift trend of the AGN-hosting BCG fraction has the form (1 + z)4.1±1.0. These results are consistent with previous studies in galaxy clusters as well as as in field galaxies. One way to explain this result is that member galaxies at high redshift tend to have more cold gas. While BCGs in nearby galaxy clusters grow mostly by dry mergers with cluster members, leading to no increase in AGN activity, BCGs at high redshift could primarily merge with gas-rich satellites, providing fuel for feeding AGNs. If this observed increase in AGN activity is linked to gas-rich mergers rather than ICM cooling, we would expect to see an increase in scatter in the Pcav versus Lcool relation at z > 1. Last, this work confirms that the runaway cooling phase, as predicted by the classical cooling-flow model, in the Phoenix cluster is extremely rare and most BCGs have low (relative to Eddington) black hole accretion rates. Article in Journal/Newspaper South pole Universitet i Oslo: Digitale utgivelser ved UiO (DUO) South Pole The Astronomical Journal 163 4 146 |