Early life stages of Northeast Arctic cod under various climate and demographic stock conditions
The Northeast Arctic cod (Gadus morhua) stock inhabits the Barents Sea and spawns along the Norwegian coast. We investigated the early life stages of this stock by combining in situ observations with statistical analysis and offline coupled models combining an ocean model, a nutrient-phytoplanktonzo...
Published in: | ICES Journal of Marine Science |
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Format: | Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis |
Language: | English |
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2022
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Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/10852/94406 http://urn.nb.no/URN:NBN:no-96953 |
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ftoslouniv:oai:www.duo.uio.no:10852/94406 |
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Open Polar |
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Universitet i Oslo: Digitale utgivelser ved UiO (DUO) |
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ftoslouniv |
language |
English |
description |
The Northeast Arctic cod (Gadus morhua) stock inhabits the Barents Sea and spawns along the Norwegian coast. We investigated the early life stages of this stock by combining in situ observations with statistical analysis and offline coupled models combining an ocean model, a nutrient-phytoplanktonzooplankton- detritus-model and an individual-based model for fish early life stages. The thesis’ main objective was to investigate how the demographic structure of the adults and environmental variables affect Northeast Arctic cod offspring distribution, growth and survival. The statistical analysis suggested that the demographic characteristics of the spawning stock affects larval abundance and that adult condition affects larval distribution. Larval abundance has a significant association with year-class abundance at age 3. One of the key findings of the coupled modelling results was that on average, there is a two-week delay from the peak timing of first-feeding cod larvae to the peak in prey availability. More larvae are food limited in warm years than in normal years. The positive effects of high temperature on growth, survival and ultimately recruitment are nonetheless larger than the negative effects of food limitation. Both early and late spawned larvae experience slower growth than individuals originating closer to the time of peak spawning in late March/early April. We find that survival is higher for scenarios when spawning is shifted southwards as compared to northerly shifts, and that in general mean survival is more dependent on shifts in spawning location than in spawning time. These findings reveal how and which mechanisms contribute the to varied distribution, growth and survival of Northeast Arctic cod early life stage from spawning until 1 year and to future recruitment. |
format |
Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis |
author |
Endo, Clarissa Akemi Kajiya |
spellingShingle |
Endo, Clarissa Akemi Kajiya Early life stages of Northeast Arctic cod under various climate and demographic stock conditions |
author_facet |
Endo, Clarissa Akemi Kajiya |
author_sort |
Endo, Clarissa Akemi Kajiya |
title |
Early life stages of Northeast Arctic cod under various climate and demographic stock conditions |
title_short |
Early life stages of Northeast Arctic cod under various climate and demographic stock conditions |
title_full |
Early life stages of Northeast Arctic cod under various climate and demographic stock conditions |
title_fullStr |
Early life stages of Northeast Arctic cod under various climate and demographic stock conditions |
title_full_unstemmed |
Early life stages of Northeast Arctic cod under various climate and demographic stock conditions |
title_sort |
early life stages of northeast arctic cod under various climate and demographic stock conditions |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10852/94406 http://urn.nb.no/URN:NBN:no-96953 |
geographic |
Arctic Barents Sea |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Barents Sea |
genre |
Arctic Arctic cod Arctic Barents Sea Gadus morhua Northeast Arctic cod |
genre_facet |
Arctic Arctic cod Arctic Barents Sea Gadus morhua Northeast Arctic cod |
op_relation |
Paper I Endo, C. A. K., Vikebø, F. B., Yaragina, N. A., Hjøllo, S. S. and Stige, L. C. "Effects of climate and spawning stock structure on the spatial distribution of Northeast Arctic cod larvae". In: ICES Journal of Marine Science. 2021; 78(2), 666–679. The paper is removed from the thesis in DUO due to publisher restrictions. The published version is available at: https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsaa057 Paper II Vikebø, F. B., Broch, O. J., Endo, C. A. K., Frøysa, H. G., Carroll, J., Juselius, J. and Langangen, Ø. "Northeast Arctic cod and prey match-mismatch in a high-latitude spring-bloom system". In: Frontiers of Marine Science. 2021; 8:767191. The paper is included in the thesis in DUO, and also available at: https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.767191 Paper III Endo, C. A. K., Stige, L. C., Skogen, M., Ciannelli, L. and Vikebø, F. B. "Two decades of match-mismatch in Northeast Arctic cod – feeding Conditions and survival". In: Frontiers of Marine Science. 2022; 9:767290 The paper is included in the thesis in DUO, and also available at: https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2022.767290 Paper IV Endo, C. A. K., Skogen, M., Stige, L. C., Hjøllo, S. S. and Vikebø, F. B. "The effects of spatial and temporal variations in spawning on offspring survival in Northeast Arctic cod". Manuscript. To be published. The paper is removed from the thesis in DUO awaiting publishing. Appendix A Endo, C. A. K., Vikebø, F. B., Yaragina, N. A., Hjøllo, S. S. and Stige, L. C. "Cod’s journey back home - from birth to nursery". In: Frontiers for Young Minds. 2021; 9:622088 The paper is included in the thesis in DUO, and also available at: https://doi.org/10.3389/frym.2021.622088 https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsaa057 https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.767191 https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2022.767290 https://doi.org/10.3389/frym.2021.622088 http://urn.nb.no/URN:NBN:no-96953 http://hdl.handle.net/10852/94406 URN:NBN:no-96953 Fulltext https://www.duo.uio.no/bitstream/handle/10852/94406/1/PhD-Endo-DUO.pdf |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsaa057 https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.767191 https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2022.767290 https://doi.org/10.3389/frym.2021.622088 |
container_title |
ICES Journal of Marine Science |
container_volume |
78 |
container_issue |
2 |
container_start_page |
666 |
op_container_end_page |
679 |
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1766301084458942464 |
spelling |
ftoslouniv:oai:www.duo.uio.no:10852/94406 2023-05-15T14:27:22+02:00 Early life stages of Northeast Arctic cod under various climate and demographic stock conditions Endo, Clarissa Akemi Kajiya 2022 http://hdl.handle.net/10852/94406 http://urn.nb.no/URN:NBN:no-96953 en eng Paper I Endo, C. A. K., Vikebø, F. B., Yaragina, N. A., Hjøllo, S. S. and Stige, L. C. "Effects of climate and spawning stock structure on the spatial distribution of Northeast Arctic cod larvae". In: ICES Journal of Marine Science. 2021; 78(2), 666–679. The paper is removed from the thesis in DUO due to publisher restrictions. The published version is available at: https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsaa057 Paper II Vikebø, F. B., Broch, O. J., Endo, C. A. K., Frøysa, H. G., Carroll, J., Juselius, J. and Langangen, Ø. "Northeast Arctic cod and prey match-mismatch in a high-latitude spring-bloom system". In: Frontiers of Marine Science. 2021; 8:767191. The paper is included in the thesis in DUO, and also available at: https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.767191 Paper III Endo, C. A. K., Stige, L. C., Skogen, M., Ciannelli, L. and Vikebø, F. B. "Two decades of match-mismatch in Northeast Arctic cod – feeding Conditions and survival". In: Frontiers of Marine Science. 2022; 9:767290 The paper is included in the thesis in DUO, and also available at: https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2022.767290 Paper IV Endo, C. A. K., Skogen, M., Stige, L. C., Hjøllo, S. S. and Vikebø, F. B. "The effects of spatial and temporal variations in spawning on offspring survival in Northeast Arctic cod". Manuscript. To be published. The paper is removed from the thesis in DUO awaiting publishing. Appendix A Endo, C. A. K., Vikebø, F. B., Yaragina, N. A., Hjøllo, S. S. and Stige, L. C. "Cod’s journey back home - from birth to nursery". In: Frontiers for Young Minds. 2021; 9:622088 The paper is included in the thesis in DUO, and also available at: https://doi.org/10.3389/frym.2021.622088 https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsaa057 https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.767191 https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2022.767290 https://doi.org/10.3389/frym.2021.622088 http://urn.nb.no/URN:NBN:no-96953 http://hdl.handle.net/10852/94406 URN:NBN:no-96953 Fulltext https://www.duo.uio.no/bitstream/handle/10852/94406/1/PhD-Endo-DUO.pdf Doctoral thesis Doktoravhandling 2022 ftoslouniv https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsaa057 https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.767191 https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2022.767290 https://doi.org/10.3389/frym.2021.622088 2022-06-22T22:34:01Z The Northeast Arctic cod (Gadus morhua) stock inhabits the Barents Sea and spawns along the Norwegian coast. We investigated the early life stages of this stock by combining in situ observations with statistical analysis and offline coupled models combining an ocean model, a nutrient-phytoplanktonzooplankton- detritus-model and an individual-based model for fish early life stages. The thesis’ main objective was to investigate how the demographic structure of the adults and environmental variables affect Northeast Arctic cod offspring distribution, growth and survival. The statistical analysis suggested that the demographic characteristics of the spawning stock affects larval abundance and that adult condition affects larval distribution. Larval abundance has a significant association with year-class abundance at age 3. One of the key findings of the coupled modelling results was that on average, there is a two-week delay from the peak timing of first-feeding cod larvae to the peak in prey availability. More larvae are food limited in warm years than in normal years. The positive effects of high temperature on growth, survival and ultimately recruitment are nonetheless larger than the negative effects of food limitation. Both early and late spawned larvae experience slower growth than individuals originating closer to the time of peak spawning in late March/early April. We find that survival is higher for scenarios when spawning is shifted southwards as compared to northerly shifts, and that in general mean survival is more dependent on shifts in spawning location than in spawning time. These findings reveal how and which mechanisms contribute the to varied distribution, growth and survival of Northeast Arctic cod early life stage from spawning until 1 year and to future recruitment. Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis Arctic Arctic cod Arctic Barents Sea Gadus morhua Northeast Arctic cod Universitet i Oslo: Digitale utgivelser ved UiO (DUO) Arctic Barents Sea ICES Journal of Marine Science 78 2 666 679 |