The Boreal–Arctic Wetland and Lake Dataset (BAWLD)
Methane emissions from boreal and arctic wetlands, lakes, and rivers are expected to increase in response to warming and associated permafrost thaw. However, the lack of appropriate land cover datasets for scaling field-measured methane emissions to circumpolar scales has contributed to a large unce...
Published in: | Earth System Science Data |
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Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
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Copernicus GmbH
2021
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Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/10852/91687 http://urn.nb.no/URN:NBN:no-94298 https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-5127-2021 |
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Open Polar |
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Universitet i Oslo: Digitale utgivelser ved UiO (DUO) |
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language |
English |
description |
Methane emissions from boreal and arctic wetlands, lakes, and rivers are expected to increase in response to warming and associated permafrost thaw. However, the lack of appropriate land cover datasets for scaling field-measured methane emissions to circumpolar scales has contributed to a large uncertainty for our understanding of present-day and future methane emissions. Here we present the Boreal–Arctic Wetland and Lake Dataset (BAWLD), a land cover dataset based on an expert assessment, extrapolated using random forest modelling from available spatial datasets of climate, topography, soils, permafrost conditions, vegetation, wetlands, and surface water extents and dynamics. In BAWLD, we estimate the fractional coverage of five wetland, seven lake, and three river classes within 0.5 × 0.5∘ grid cells that cover the northern boreal and tundra biomes (17 % of the global land surface). Land cover classes were defined using criteria that ensured distinct methane emissions among classes, as indicated by a co-developed comprehensive dataset of methane flux observations. In BAWLD, wetlands occupied 3.2 × 106 km2 (14 % of domain) with a 95 % confidence interval between 2.8 and 3.8 × 106 km2. Bog, fen, and permafrost bog were the most abundant wetland classes, covering ∼ 28 % each of the total wetland area, while the highest-methane-emitting marsh and tundra wetland classes occupied 5 % and 12 %, respectively. Lakes, defined to include all lentic open-water ecosystems regardless of size, covered 1.4 × 106 km2 (6 % of domain). Low-methane-emitting large lakes (>10 km2) and glacial lakes jointly represented 78 % of the total lake area, while high-emitting peatland and yedoma lakes covered 18 % and 4 %, respectively. Small (<0.1 km2) glacial, peatland, and yedoma lakes combined covered 17 % of the total lake area but contributed disproportionally to the overall spatial uncertainty in lake area with a 95 % confidence interval between 0.15 and 0.38 × 106 km2. Rivers and streams were estimated to cover 0.12 × 106 km2 ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Olefeldt, David Hovemyr, Mikael Kuhn, McKenzie A. Bastviken, David Bohn, Theodore J. Connolly, John Crill, Patrick Euskirchen, Eugénie S. Finkelstein, Sarah A. Genet, Helene Grosse, Guido Harris, Lorna I. Heffernan, Liam Helbig, Manuel Hugelius, Gustaf Hutchins, Ryan Juutinen, Sari Lara, Mark J. Malhotra, Avni Manies, Kristen McGuire, A. David Natali, Susan M. O'Donnell, Jonathan A. Parmentier, Frans-Jan W. Räsänen, Aleksi Schädel, Christina Sonnentag, Oliver Strack, Maria Tank, Suzanne E. Treat, Claire Varner, Ruth K. Virtanen, Tarmo Warren, Rebecca K. Watts, Jennifer D. |
spellingShingle |
Olefeldt, David Hovemyr, Mikael Kuhn, McKenzie A. Bastviken, David Bohn, Theodore J. Connolly, John Crill, Patrick Euskirchen, Eugénie S. Finkelstein, Sarah A. Genet, Helene Grosse, Guido Harris, Lorna I. Heffernan, Liam Helbig, Manuel Hugelius, Gustaf Hutchins, Ryan Juutinen, Sari Lara, Mark J. Malhotra, Avni Manies, Kristen McGuire, A. David Natali, Susan M. O'Donnell, Jonathan A. Parmentier, Frans-Jan W. Räsänen, Aleksi Schädel, Christina Sonnentag, Oliver Strack, Maria Tank, Suzanne E. Treat, Claire Varner, Ruth K. Virtanen, Tarmo Warren, Rebecca K. Watts, Jennifer D. The Boreal–Arctic Wetland and Lake Dataset (BAWLD) |
author_facet |
Olefeldt, David Hovemyr, Mikael Kuhn, McKenzie A. Bastviken, David Bohn, Theodore J. Connolly, John Crill, Patrick Euskirchen, Eugénie S. Finkelstein, Sarah A. Genet, Helene Grosse, Guido Harris, Lorna I. Heffernan, Liam Helbig, Manuel Hugelius, Gustaf Hutchins, Ryan Juutinen, Sari Lara, Mark J. Malhotra, Avni Manies, Kristen McGuire, A. David Natali, Susan M. O'Donnell, Jonathan A. Parmentier, Frans-Jan W. Räsänen, Aleksi Schädel, Christina Sonnentag, Oliver Strack, Maria Tank, Suzanne E. Treat, Claire Varner, Ruth K. Virtanen, Tarmo Warren, Rebecca K. Watts, Jennifer D. |
author_sort |
Olefeldt, David |
title |
The Boreal–Arctic Wetland and Lake Dataset (BAWLD) |
title_short |
The Boreal–Arctic Wetland and Lake Dataset (BAWLD) |
title_full |
The Boreal–Arctic Wetland and Lake Dataset (BAWLD) |
title_fullStr |
The Boreal–Arctic Wetland and Lake Dataset (BAWLD) |
title_full_unstemmed |
The Boreal–Arctic Wetland and Lake Dataset (BAWLD) |
title_sort |
boreal–arctic wetland and lake dataset (bawld) |
publisher |
Copernicus GmbH |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10852/91687 http://urn.nb.no/URN:NBN:no-94298 https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-5127-2021 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic Arctic permafrost Tundra |
genre_facet |
Arctic Arctic permafrost Tundra |
op_source |
1866-3508 |
op_relation |
VETENSKAPSRÅDET/2017-05268 NFR/274711 http://urn.nb.no/URN:NBN:no-94298 Olefeldt, David Hovemyr, Mikael Kuhn, McKenzie A. Bastviken, David Bohn, Theodore J. Connolly, John Crill, Patrick Euskirchen, Eugénie S. Finkelstein, Sarah A. Genet, Helene Grosse, Guido Harris, Lorna I. Heffernan, Liam Helbig, Manuel Hugelius, Gustaf Hutchins, Ryan Juutinen, Sari Lara, Mark J. Malhotra, Avni Manies, Kristen McGuire, A. David Natali, Susan M. O'Donnell, Jonathan A. Parmentier, Frans-Jan W. Räsänen, Aleksi Schädel, Christina Sonnentag, Oliver Strack, Maria Tank, Suzanne E. Treat, Claire Varner, Ruth K. Virtanen, Tarmo Warren, Rebecca K. Watts, Jennifer D. . The Boreal–Arctic Wetland and Lake Dataset (BAWLD). Earth System Science Data. 2021, 13, 5127-5149 http://hdl.handle.net/10852/91687 1965233 info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.jtitle=Earth System Science Data&rft.volume=13&rft.spage=5127&rft.date=2021 Earth System Science Data 13 11 5127 5149 https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-5127-2021 URN:NBN:no-94298 Fulltext https://www.duo.uio.no/bitstream/handle/10852/91687/1/essd-13-5127-2021.pdf |
op_rights |
Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-5127-2021 |
container_title |
Earth System Science Data |
container_volume |
13 |
container_issue |
11 |
container_start_page |
5127 |
op_container_end_page |
5149 |
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1811634008449089536 |
spelling |
ftoslouniv:oai:www.duo.uio.no:10852/91687 2024-09-30T14:28:14+00:00 The Boreal–Arctic Wetland and Lake Dataset (BAWLD) Olefeldt, David Hovemyr, Mikael Kuhn, McKenzie A. Bastviken, David Bohn, Theodore J. Connolly, John Crill, Patrick Euskirchen, Eugénie S. Finkelstein, Sarah A. Genet, Helene Grosse, Guido Harris, Lorna I. Heffernan, Liam Helbig, Manuel Hugelius, Gustaf Hutchins, Ryan Juutinen, Sari Lara, Mark J. Malhotra, Avni Manies, Kristen McGuire, A. David Natali, Susan M. O'Donnell, Jonathan A. Parmentier, Frans-Jan W. Räsänen, Aleksi Schädel, Christina Sonnentag, Oliver Strack, Maria Tank, Suzanne E. Treat, Claire Varner, Ruth K. Virtanen, Tarmo Warren, Rebecca K. Watts, Jennifer D. 2021-12-06T15:56:44Z http://hdl.handle.net/10852/91687 http://urn.nb.no/URN:NBN:no-94298 https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-5127-2021 EN eng Copernicus GmbH VETENSKAPSRÅDET/2017-05268 NFR/274711 http://urn.nb.no/URN:NBN:no-94298 Olefeldt, David Hovemyr, Mikael Kuhn, McKenzie A. Bastviken, David Bohn, Theodore J. Connolly, John Crill, Patrick Euskirchen, Eugénie S. Finkelstein, Sarah A. Genet, Helene Grosse, Guido Harris, Lorna I. Heffernan, Liam Helbig, Manuel Hugelius, Gustaf Hutchins, Ryan Juutinen, Sari Lara, Mark J. Malhotra, Avni Manies, Kristen McGuire, A. David Natali, Susan M. O'Donnell, Jonathan A. Parmentier, Frans-Jan W. Räsänen, Aleksi Schädel, Christina Sonnentag, Oliver Strack, Maria Tank, Suzanne E. Treat, Claire Varner, Ruth K. Virtanen, Tarmo Warren, Rebecca K. Watts, Jennifer D. . The Boreal–Arctic Wetland and Lake Dataset (BAWLD). Earth System Science Data. 2021, 13, 5127-5149 http://hdl.handle.net/10852/91687 1965233 info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.jtitle=Earth System Science Data&rft.volume=13&rft.spage=5127&rft.date=2021 Earth System Science Data 13 11 5127 5149 https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-5127-2021 URN:NBN:no-94298 Fulltext https://www.duo.uio.no/bitstream/handle/10852/91687/1/essd-13-5127-2021.pdf Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 1866-3508 Journal article Tidsskriftartikkel Peer reviewed PublishedVersion 2021 ftoslouniv https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-5127-2021 2024-09-12T05:44:04Z Methane emissions from boreal and arctic wetlands, lakes, and rivers are expected to increase in response to warming and associated permafrost thaw. However, the lack of appropriate land cover datasets for scaling field-measured methane emissions to circumpolar scales has contributed to a large uncertainty for our understanding of present-day and future methane emissions. Here we present the Boreal–Arctic Wetland and Lake Dataset (BAWLD), a land cover dataset based on an expert assessment, extrapolated using random forest modelling from available spatial datasets of climate, topography, soils, permafrost conditions, vegetation, wetlands, and surface water extents and dynamics. In BAWLD, we estimate the fractional coverage of five wetland, seven lake, and three river classes within 0.5 × 0.5∘ grid cells that cover the northern boreal and tundra biomes (17 % of the global land surface). Land cover classes were defined using criteria that ensured distinct methane emissions among classes, as indicated by a co-developed comprehensive dataset of methane flux observations. In BAWLD, wetlands occupied 3.2 × 106 km2 (14 % of domain) with a 95 % confidence interval between 2.8 and 3.8 × 106 km2. Bog, fen, and permafrost bog were the most abundant wetland classes, covering ∼ 28 % each of the total wetland area, while the highest-methane-emitting marsh and tundra wetland classes occupied 5 % and 12 %, respectively. Lakes, defined to include all lentic open-water ecosystems regardless of size, covered 1.4 × 106 km2 (6 % of domain). Low-methane-emitting large lakes (>10 km2) and glacial lakes jointly represented 78 % of the total lake area, while high-emitting peatland and yedoma lakes covered 18 % and 4 %, respectively. Small (<0.1 km2) glacial, peatland, and yedoma lakes combined covered 17 % of the total lake area but contributed disproportionally to the overall spatial uncertainty in lake area with a 95 % confidence interval between 0.15 and 0.38 × 106 km2. Rivers and streams were estimated to cover 0.12 × 106 km2 ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Arctic permafrost Tundra Universitet i Oslo: Digitale utgivelser ved UiO (DUO) Arctic Earth System Science Data 13 11 5127 5149 |