Between-study differences in grip strength: a comparison of Norwegian and Russian adults aged 40-69 years
Background Identifying individuals with low grip strength is an initial step in many operational definitions of sarcopenia. As evidence indicates that contemporaneous Russian populations may have lower mean levels of grip strength than other populations in northern Europe, we aimed to: compare grip...
Published in: | Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle |
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Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
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2021
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Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/10852/88948 http://urn.nb.no/URN:NBN:no-91564 https://doi.org/10.1002/jcsm.12816 |
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ftoslouniv:oai:www.duo.uio.no:10852/88948 |
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Open Polar |
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Universitet i Oslo: Digitale utgivelser ved UiO (DUO) |
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ftoslouniv |
language |
English |
description |
Background Identifying individuals with low grip strength is an initial step in many operational definitions of sarcopenia. As evidence indicates that contemporaneous Russian populations may have lower mean levels of grip strength than other populations in northern Europe, we aimed to: compare grip strength in Russian and Norwegian populations by age and sex; investigate whether height, body mass index, education, smoking status, alcohol use and health status explain observed differences and; examine implications for case-finding low muscle strength. Methods We used harmonized cross-sectional data on grip strength and covariates for participants aged 40–69 years from the Russian Know Your Heart study (KYH) (n = 3833) and the seventh survey of the Norwegian Tromsø Study (n = 5598). Maximum grip strength (kg) was assessed using the same protocol and device in both studies. Grip strength by age, sex and study was modelled using linear regression and between-study differences were predicted from these models. Sex-specific age-standardized differences in grip strength and in prevalence of low muscle strength were estimated using the European population standard of 2013. Results Normal ranges of maximum grip strength in both studies combined were 33.8 to 67.0 kg in men and 18.7 to 40.1 kg in women. Mean grip strength was higher among Tromsø than KYH study participants and this difference did not vary markedly by age or sex. Adjustment for covariates, most notably height, attenuated between-study differences but these differences were still evident at younger ages. For example, estimated between-study differences in mean grip strength in fully adjusted models were 2.2 kg [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.4, 3.1] at 40 years and 1.0 kg (95% CI 0.5, 1.5) at 65 years in men (age × study interaction P = 0.09) and 1.1 kg (95% CI 0.4, 1.9) at age 40 years and −0.2 kg (95% CI −0.7, 0.3) at 65 years in women (age × study interaction P < 0.01). Conclusions We found between-study differences in mean grip strength that are likely to translate into greater future risk of sarcopenia and poorer prospects of healthy ageing for Russian than Norwegian study participants. For example, the average Russian participant had a similar level of grip strength to a Norwegian participant 7 years older. Our findings suggest these differences may have their origins in childhood highlighting the need to consider interventions in early life to prevent sarcopenia. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Cooper, Rachel Shkolnikov, Vladimir M. Kudryavtsev, Alexander Malyutina, Sofia Ryabikov, Andrew Hopstock, Laila Arnesdatter Johansson, Jonas Cook, Sarah Anne Leon, David Strand, Bjørn Heine |
spellingShingle |
Cooper, Rachel Shkolnikov, Vladimir M. Kudryavtsev, Alexander Malyutina, Sofia Ryabikov, Andrew Hopstock, Laila Arnesdatter Johansson, Jonas Cook, Sarah Anne Leon, David Strand, Bjørn Heine Between-study differences in grip strength: a comparison of Norwegian and Russian adults aged 40-69 years |
author_facet |
Cooper, Rachel Shkolnikov, Vladimir M. Kudryavtsev, Alexander Malyutina, Sofia Ryabikov, Andrew Hopstock, Laila Arnesdatter Johansson, Jonas Cook, Sarah Anne Leon, David Strand, Bjørn Heine |
author_sort |
Cooper, Rachel |
title |
Between-study differences in grip strength: a comparison of Norwegian and Russian adults aged 40-69 years |
title_short |
Between-study differences in grip strength: a comparison of Norwegian and Russian adults aged 40-69 years |
title_full |
Between-study differences in grip strength: a comparison of Norwegian and Russian adults aged 40-69 years |
title_fullStr |
Between-study differences in grip strength: a comparison of Norwegian and Russian adults aged 40-69 years |
title_full_unstemmed |
Between-study differences in grip strength: a comparison of Norwegian and Russian adults aged 40-69 years |
title_sort |
between-study differences in grip strength: a comparison of norwegian and russian adults aged 40-69 years |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10852/88948 http://urn.nb.no/URN:NBN:no-91564 https://doi.org/10.1002/jcsm.12816 |
geographic |
Tromsø |
geographic_facet |
Tromsø |
genre |
Tromsø |
genre_facet |
Tromsø |
op_source |
2190-5991 |
op_relation |
http://urn.nb.no/URN:NBN:no-91564 Cooper, Rachel Shkolnikov, Vladimir M. Kudryavtsev, Alexander Malyutina, Sofia Ryabikov, Andrew Hopstock, Laila Arnesdatter Johansson, Jonas Cook, Sarah Anne Leon, David Strand, Bjørn Heine . Between-study differences in grip strength: a comparison of Norwegian and Russian adults aged 40-69 years. Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle. 2021 http://hdl.handle.net/10852/88948 1944606 info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.jtitle=Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle&rft.volume=&rft.spage=&rft.date=2021 Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle https://doi.org/10.1002/jcsm.12816 URN:NBN:no-91564 Fulltext https://www.duo.uio.no/bitstream/handle/10852/88948/1/article27605.pdf |
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Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/jcsm.12816 |
container_title |
Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle |
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1766219466413178880 |
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ftoslouniv:oai:www.duo.uio.no:10852/88948 2023-05-15T18:34:38+02:00 Between-study differences in grip strength: a comparison of Norwegian and Russian adults aged 40-69 years Cooper, Rachel Shkolnikov, Vladimir M. Kudryavtsev, Alexander Malyutina, Sofia Ryabikov, Andrew Hopstock, Laila Arnesdatter Johansson, Jonas Cook, Sarah Anne Leon, David Strand, Bjørn Heine 2021-10-09T15:11:42Z http://hdl.handle.net/10852/88948 http://urn.nb.no/URN:NBN:no-91564 https://doi.org/10.1002/jcsm.12816 EN eng http://urn.nb.no/URN:NBN:no-91564 Cooper, Rachel Shkolnikov, Vladimir M. Kudryavtsev, Alexander Malyutina, Sofia Ryabikov, Andrew Hopstock, Laila Arnesdatter Johansson, Jonas Cook, Sarah Anne Leon, David Strand, Bjørn Heine . Between-study differences in grip strength: a comparison of Norwegian and Russian adults aged 40-69 years. Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle. 2021 http://hdl.handle.net/10852/88948 1944606 info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.jtitle=Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle&rft.volume=&rft.spage=&rft.date=2021 Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle https://doi.org/10.1002/jcsm.12816 URN:NBN:no-91564 Fulltext https://www.duo.uio.no/bitstream/handle/10852/88948/1/article27605.pdf Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ CC-BY 2190-5991 Journal article Tidsskriftartikkel Peer reviewed PublishedVersion 2021 ftoslouniv https://doi.org/10.1002/jcsm.12816 2021-10-20T22:31:56Z Background Identifying individuals with low grip strength is an initial step in many operational definitions of sarcopenia. As evidence indicates that contemporaneous Russian populations may have lower mean levels of grip strength than other populations in northern Europe, we aimed to: compare grip strength in Russian and Norwegian populations by age and sex; investigate whether height, body mass index, education, smoking status, alcohol use and health status explain observed differences and; examine implications for case-finding low muscle strength. Methods We used harmonized cross-sectional data on grip strength and covariates for participants aged 40–69 years from the Russian Know Your Heart study (KYH) (n = 3833) and the seventh survey of the Norwegian Tromsø Study (n = 5598). Maximum grip strength (kg) was assessed using the same protocol and device in both studies. Grip strength by age, sex and study was modelled using linear regression and between-study differences were predicted from these models. Sex-specific age-standardized differences in grip strength and in prevalence of low muscle strength were estimated using the European population standard of 2013. Results Normal ranges of maximum grip strength in both studies combined were 33.8 to 67.0 kg in men and 18.7 to 40.1 kg in women. Mean grip strength was higher among Tromsø than KYH study participants and this difference did not vary markedly by age or sex. Adjustment for covariates, most notably height, attenuated between-study differences but these differences were still evident at younger ages. For example, estimated between-study differences in mean grip strength in fully adjusted models were 2.2 kg [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.4, 3.1] at 40 years and 1.0 kg (95% CI 0.5, 1.5) at 65 years in men (age × study interaction P = 0.09) and 1.1 kg (95% CI 0.4, 1.9) at age 40 years and −0.2 kg (95% CI −0.7, 0.3) at 65 years in women (age × study interaction P < 0.01). Conclusions We found between-study differences in mean grip strength that are likely to translate into greater future risk of sarcopenia and poorer prospects of healthy ageing for Russian than Norwegian study participants. For example, the average Russian participant had a similar level of grip strength to a Norwegian participant 7 years older. Our findings suggest these differences may have their origins in childhood highlighting the need to consider interventions in early life to prevent sarcopenia. Article in Journal/Newspaper Tromsø Universitet i Oslo: Digitale utgivelser ved UiO (DUO) Tromsø Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle |