Immunomodulating polysaccharides, triterpenoids and melanin from the medicinal fungus Inonotus obliquus (Chaga)
Inonotus obliquus (Chaga) is a strange-looking fungus growing on birch trees in the Northern Hemisphere. Chaga is perhaps best known for its use in traditional medicine, where the fungus is used as an herbal tea against diseases such as cancer and gastrointestinal disorders. In Norway, the Sámi peop...
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ftoslouniv:oai:www.duo.uio.no:10852/80568 2023-05-15T18:14:51+02:00 Immunomodulating polysaccharides, triterpenoids and melanin from the medicinal fungus Inonotus obliquus (Chaga) Wold, Christian Winther 2020 http://hdl.handle.net/10852/80568 http://urn.nb.no/URN:NBN:no-83660 en eng Paper I: Structural characterization of bioactive heteropolysaccharides from the medicinal fungus Inonotus obliquus (Chaga). Christian Winther Wold, Christian Kjeldsen, Alexandre Corthay, Frode Rise, Bjørn E. Christensen, Jens Øllgaard Duus, Kari Tvete Inngjerdingen. Carbohydrate Polymers (2018), 185: 27-40. DOI:10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.12.041. The article is included in the thesis. Also available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.12.041 Paper II: Polysaccharides from the fungus Inonotus obliquus (Chaga) activate macrophages into a tumoricidal phenotype via interaction with TLR2, TLR4 and Dectin-1a. Christian Winther Wold, Panagiotis Christopoulos, Maykel Arias, Inger Øynebråten, Alexandre Corthay, Kari Tvete Inngjerdingen. Manuscript. To be published. The paper is not available in DUO awaiting publishing. Paper III: Bioactive triterpenoids and water-soluble melanin from Inonotus obliquus (Chaga) with immunomodulatory activity. Christian Winther Wold, William H. Gerwick, Helle Wangensteen, Kari Tvete Inngjerdingen. Journal of Functional Foods (2020), 71: 104025. DOI:10.1016/j.jff.2020.104025. The article is included in the thesis. Also available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jff.2020.104025 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.12.041 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jff.2020.104025 http://urn.nb.no/URN:NBN:no-83660 http://hdl.handle.net/10852/80568 URN:NBN:no-83660 Fulltext https://www.duo.uio.no/bitstream/handle/10852/80568/1/PhD-Wold-2020.pdf Doctoral thesis Doktoravhandling 2020 ftoslouniv https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.12.041 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jff.2020.104025 2020-10-14T22:30:33Z Inonotus obliquus (Chaga) is a strange-looking fungus growing on birch trees in the Northern Hemisphere. Chaga is perhaps best known for its use in traditional medicine, where the fungus is used as an herbal tea against diseases such as cancer and gastrointestinal disorders. In Norway, the Sámi people use Chaga in ceremonies and as a replacement for tea and coffee during winter. Despite its widespread use in European and Asian countries, the immunological effects of Chaga have been poorly investigated. As such, the main goals of this thesis were to isolate chemical compounds from Chaga and investigate if they had immunological effects. The results showed that complex carbohydrates isolated from Chaga could activate certain immune cells into destroying cancer cells. Further, chemical compounds known as triterpenoids were able to kill cancer cells directly. Some of these compounds also activated a part of the immune system known as the complement system. In addition, a melanin pigment with an unusual chemical structure was shown to have anti-inflammatory effects in several types of experiments. The results demonstrate that the use of Chaga in traditional medicine has some merit, and that the fungus is a source for potential new pharmaceutical compounds worthwhile investigating further. Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis Sámi Universitet i Oslo: Digitale utgivelser ved UiO (DUO) Norway Carbohydrate Polymers 185 27 40 |
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Universitet i Oslo: Digitale utgivelser ved UiO (DUO) |
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ftoslouniv |
language |
English |
description |
Inonotus obliquus (Chaga) is a strange-looking fungus growing on birch trees in the Northern Hemisphere. Chaga is perhaps best known for its use in traditional medicine, where the fungus is used as an herbal tea against diseases such as cancer and gastrointestinal disorders. In Norway, the Sámi people use Chaga in ceremonies and as a replacement for tea and coffee during winter. Despite its widespread use in European and Asian countries, the immunological effects of Chaga have been poorly investigated. As such, the main goals of this thesis were to isolate chemical compounds from Chaga and investigate if they had immunological effects. The results showed that complex carbohydrates isolated from Chaga could activate certain immune cells into destroying cancer cells. Further, chemical compounds known as triterpenoids were able to kill cancer cells directly. Some of these compounds also activated a part of the immune system known as the complement system. In addition, a melanin pigment with an unusual chemical structure was shown to have anti-inflammatory effects in several types of experiments. The results demonstrate that the use of Chaga in traditional medicine has some merit, and that the fungus is a source for potential new pharmaceutical compounds worthwhile investigating further. |
format |
Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis |
author |
Wold, Christian Winther |
spellingShingle |
Wold, Christian Winther Immunomodulating polysaccharides, triterpenoids and melanin from the medicinal fungus Inonotus obliquus (Chaga) |
author_facet |
Wold, Christian Winther |
author_sort |
Wold, Christian Winther |
title |
Immunomodulating polysaccharides, triterpenoids and melanin from the medicinal fungus Inonotus obliquus (Chaga) |
title_short |
Immunomodulating polysaccharides, triterpenoids and melanin from the medicinal fungus Inonotus obliquus (Chaga) |
title_full |
Immunomodulating polysaccharides, triterpenoids and melanin from the medicinal fungus Inonotus obliquus (Chaga) |
title_fullStr |
Immunomodulating polysaccharides, triterpenoids and melanin from the medicinal fungus Inonotus obliquus (Chaga) |
title_full_unstemmed |
Immunomodulating polysaccharides, triterpenoids and melanin from the medicinal fungus Inonotus obliquus (Chaga) |
title_sort |
immunomodulating polysaccharides, triterpenoids and melanin from the medicinal fungus inonotus obliquus (chaga) |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10852/80568 http://urn.nb.no/URN:NBN:no-83660 |
geographic |
Norway |
geographic_facet |
Norway |
genre |
Sámi |
genre_facet |
Sámi |
op_relation |
Paper I: Structural characterization of bioactive heteropolysaccharides from the medicinal fungus Inonotus obliquus (Chaga). Christian Winther Wold, Christian Kjeldsen, Alexandre Corthay, Frode Rise, Bjørn E. Christensen, Jens Øllgaard Duus, Kari Tvete Inngjerdingen. Carbohydrate Polymers (2018), 185: 27-40. DOI:10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.12.041. The article is included in the thesis. Also available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.12.041 Paper II: Polysaccharides from the fungus Inonotus obliquus (Chaga) activate macrophages into a tumoricidal phenotype via interaction with TLR2, TLR4 and Dectin-1a. Christian Winther Wold, Panagiotis Christopoulos, Maykel Arias, Inger Øynebråten, Alexandre Corthay, Kari Tvete Inngjerdingen. Manuscript. To be published. The paper is not available in DUO awaiting publishing. Paper III: Bioactive triterpenoids and water-soluble melanin from Inonotus obliquus (Chaga) with immunomodulatory activity. Christian Winther Wold, William H. Gerwick, Helle Wangensteen, Kari Tvete Inngjerdingen. Journal of Functional Foods (2020), 71: 104025. DOI:10.1016/j.jff.2020.104025. The article is included in the thesis. Also available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jff.2020.104025 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.12.041 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jff.2020.104025 http://urn.nb.no/URN:NBN:no-83660 http://hdl.handle.net/10852/80568 URN:NBN:no-83660 Fulltext https://www.duo.uio.no/bitstream/handle/10852/80568/1/PhD-Wold-2020.pdf |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.12.041 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jff.2020.104025 |
container_title |
Carbohydrate Polymers |
container_volume |
185 |
container_start_page |
27 |
op_container_end_page |
40 |
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1766187846215925760 |