Heat and Salt Flow in Subsea Permafrost Modeled with CryoGRID2
Thawing of subsea permafrost can impact offshore infrastructure, affect coastal erosion, and release permafrost organic matter. Thawing is usually modeled as the result of heat transfer, although salt diffusion may play an important role in marine settings. To better quantify nearshore subsea permaf...
Published in: | Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface |
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Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/10852/76823 http://urn.nb.no/URN:NBN:no-79956 https://doi.org/10.1029/2018JF004823 |
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ftoslouniv:oai:www.duo.uio.no:10852/76823 2023-05-15T15:11:12+02:00 Heat and Salt Flow in Subsea Permafrost Modeled with CryoGRID2 Angelopoulos, Michael Westermann, Sebastian Overduin, Paul Faguet, Alexey Olenchenko, Vladimir Grosse, Guido Grigoriev, Mikhail N 2019-08-13T11:10:05Z http://hdl.handle.net/10852/76823 http://urn.nb.no/URN:NBN:no-79956 https://doi.org/10.1029/2018JF004823 EN eng http://urn.nb.no/URN:NBN:no-79956 Angelopoulos, Michael Westermann, Sebastian Overduin, Paul Faguet, Alexey Olenchenko, Vladimir Grosse, Guido Grigoriev, Mikhail N . Heat and Salt Flow in Subsea Permafrost Modeled with CryoGRID2. Journal of Geophysical Research (JGR): Earth Surface. 2019 http://hdl.handle.net/10852/76823 1715525 info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.jtitle=Journal of Geophysical Research (JGR): Earth Surface&rft.volume=&rft.spage=&rft.date=2019 Journal of Geophysical Research (JGR): Earth Surface 124 4 920 937 https://doi.org/10.1029/2018JF004823 URN:NBN:no-79956 Fulltext https://www.duo.uio.no/bitstream/handle/10852/76823/1/Angelopoulos_et_al-2019-Journal_of_Geophysical_Research__Earth_Surface.pdf Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ CC-BY-NC-ND 2169-9003 Journal article Tidsskriftartikkel Peer reviewed PublishedVersion 2019 ftoslouniv https://doi.org/10.1029/2018JF004823 2020-06-21T08:54:39Z Thawing of subsea permafrost can impact offshore infrastructure, affect coastal erosion, and release permafrost organic matter. Thawing is usually modeled as the result of heat transfer, although salt diffusion may play an important role in marine settings. To better quantify nearshore subsea permafrost thawing, we applied the CryoGRID2 heat diffusion model and coupled it to a salt diffusion model. We simulated coastline retreat and subsea permafrost evolution as it develops through successive stages of a thawing sequence at the Bykovsky Peninsula, Siberia. Sensitivity analyses for seawater salinity were performed to compare the results for the Bykovsky Peninsula with those of typical Arctic seawater. For the Bykovsky Peninsula, the modeled ice‐bearing permafrost table (IBPT) for ice‐rich sand and an erosion rate of 0.25 m/year was 16.7 m below the seabed 350 m offshore. The model outputs were compared to the IBPT depth estimated from coastline retreat and electrical resistivity surveys perpendicular to and crossing the shoreline of the Bykovsky Peninsula. The interpreted geoelectric data suggest that the IBPT dipped to 15–20 m below the seabed at 350 m offshore. Both results suggest that cold saline water forms beneath grounded ice and floating sea ice in shallow water, causing cryotic benthic temperatures. The freezing point depression produced by salt diffusion can delay or prevent ice formation in the sediment and enhance the IBPT degradation rate. Therefore, salt diffusion may facilitate the release of greenhouse gasses to the atmosphere and considerably affect the design of offshore and coastal infrastructure in subsea permafrost areas. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Ice permafrost Sea ice Siberia Universitet i Oslo: Digitale utgivelser ved UiO (DUO) Arctic Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface 124 4 920 937 |
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Open Polar |
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Universitet i Oslo: Digitale utgivelser ved UiO (DUO) |
op_collection_id |
ftoslouniv |
language |
English |
description |
Thawing of subsea permafrost can impact offshore infrastructure, affect coastal erosion, and release permafrost organic matter. Thawing is usually modeled as the result of heat transfer, although salt diffusion may play an important role in marine settings. To better quantify nearshore subsea permafrost thawing, we applied the CryoGRID2 heat diffusion model and coupled it to a salt diffusion model. We simulated coastline retreat and subsea permafrost evolution as it develops through successive stages of a thawing sequence at the Bykovsky Peninsula, Siberia. Sensitivity analyses for seawater salinity were performed to compare the results for the Bykovsky Peninsula with those of typical Arctic seawater. For the Bykovsky Peninsula, the modeled ice‐bearing permafrost table (IBPT) for ice‐rich sand and an erosion rate of 0.25 m/year was 16.7 m below the seabed 350 m offshore. The model outputs were compared to the IBPT depth estimated from coastline retreat and electrical resistivity surveys perpendicular to and crossing the shoreline of the Bykovsky Peninsula. The interpreted geoelectric data suggest that the IBPT dipped to 15–20 m below the seabed at 350 m offshore. Both results suggest that cold saline water forms beneath grounded ice and floating sea ice in shallow water, causing cryotic benthic temperatures. The freezing point depression produced by salt diffusion can delay or prevent ice formation in the sediment and enhance the IBPT degradation rate. Therefore, salt diffusion may facilitate the release of greenhouse gasses to the atmosphere and considerably affect the design of offshore and coastal infrastructure in subsea permafrost areas. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Angelopoulos, Michael Westermann, Sebastian Overduin, Paul Faguet, Alexey Olenchenko, Vladimir Grosse, Guido Grigoriev, Mikhail N |
spellingShingle |
Angelopoulos, Michael Westermann, Sebastian Overduin, Paul Faguet, Alexey Olenchenko, Vladimir Grosse, Guido Grigoriev, Mikhail N Heat and Salt Flow in Subsea Permafrost Modeled with CryoGRID2 |
author_facet |
Angelopoulos, Michael Westermann, Sebastian Overduin, Paul Faguet, Alexey Olenchenko, Vladimir Grosse, Guido Grigoriev, Mikhail N |
author_sort |
Angelopoulos, Michael |
title |
Heat and Salt Flow in Subsea Permafrost Modeled with CryoGRID2 |
title_short |
Heat and Salt Flow in Subsea Permafrost Modeled with CryoGRID2 |
title_full |
Heat and Salt Flow in Subsea Permafrost Modeled with CryoGRID2 |
title_fullStr |
Heat and Salt Flow in Subsea Permafrost Modeled with CryoGRID2 |
title_full_unstemmed |
Heat and Salt Flow in Subsea Permafrost Modeled with CryoGRID2 |
title_sort |
heat and salt flow in subsea permafrost modeled with cryogrid2 |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10852/76823 http://urn.nb.no/URN:NBN:no-79956 https://doi.org/10.1029/2018JF004823 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic Ice permafrost Sea ice Siberia |
genre_facet |
Arctic Ice permafrost Sea ice Siberia |
op_source |
2169-9003 |
op_relation |
http://urn.nb.no/URN:NBN:no-79956 Angelopoulos, Michael Westermann, Sebastian Overduin, Paul Faguet, Alexey Olenchenko, Vladimir Grosse, Guido Grigoriev, Mikhail N . Heat and Salt Flow in Subsea Permafrost Modeled with CryoGRID2. Journal of Geophysical Research (JGR): Earth Surface. 2019 http://hdl.handle.net/10852/76823 1715525 info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.jtitle=Journal of Geophysical Research (JGR): Earth Surface&rft.volume=&rft.spage=&rft.date=2019 Journal of Geophysical Research (JGR): Earth Surface 124 4 920 937 https://doi.org/10.1029/2018JF004823 URN:NBN:no-79956 Fulltext https://www.duo.uio.no/bitstream/handle/10852/76823/1/Angelopoulos_et_al-2019-Journal_of_Geophysical_Research__Earth_Surface.pdf |
op_rights |
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY-NC-ND |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1029/2018JF004823 |
container_title |
Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface |
container_volume |
124 |
container_issue |
4 |
container_start_page |
920 |
op_container_end_page |
937 |
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1766342099172589568 |