Extreme temperature and precipitation response to solar dimming and stratospheric aerosol geoengineering
We examine extreme temperature and precipitation under two potential geoengineering methods forming part of the Geoengineering Model Intercomparison Project (GeoMIP). The solar dimming experiment G1 is designed to completely offset the global mean radiative forcing due to a CO2-quadrupling experimen...
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ftoslouniv:oai:www.duo.uio.no:10852/71202 2023-05-15T18:18:50+02:00 Extreme temperature and precipitation response to solar dimming and stratospheric aerosol geoengineering Ji, Duoying Fang, Songsong Curry, Charles L. Kashimura, Hiroki Watanabe, Shingo Cole, Jason N.S. Lenton, Andrew Muri, Helene Østlie Kravitz, Ben Moore, John C. 2018-07-23T13:46:32Z http://hdl.handle.net/10852/71202 http://urn.nb.no/URN:NBN:no-74363 https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-10133-2018 EN eng Copernicus NOTUR/NORSTORE/NS9033K NOTUR/NORSTORE/nn9182k NFR/229760 http://urn.nb.no/URN:NBN:no-74363 Ji, Duoying Fang, Songsong Curry, Charles L. Kashimura, Hiroki Watanabe, Shingo Cole, Jason N.S. Lenton, Andrew Muri, Helene Østlie Kravitz, Ben Moore, John C. . Extreme temperature and precipitation response to solar dimming and stratospheric aerosol geoengineering. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 2018, 18(14), 10133-10156 http://hdl.handle.net/10852/71202 1598367 info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics&rft.volume=18&rft.spage=10133&rft.date=2018 Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 18 14 10133 10156 https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-10133-2018 URN:NBN:no-74363 Fulltext https://www.duo.uio.no/bitstream/handle/10852/71202/2/acp-18-10133-2018.pdf Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ CC-BY 1680-7316 VDP::Meteorologi: 453 Journal article Tidsskriftartikkel Peer reviewed PublishedVersion 2018 ftoslouniv https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-10133-2018 2020-06-21T08:52:52Z We examine extreme temperature and precipitation under two potential geoengineering methods forming part of the Geoengineering Model Intercomparison Project (GeoMIP). The solar dimming experiment G1 is designed to completely offset the global mean radiative forcing due to a CO2-quadrupling experiment (abrupt4 × CO2), while in GeoMIP experiment G4, the radiative forcing due to the representative concentration pathway 4.5 (RCP4.5) scenario is partly offset by a simulated layer of aerosols in the stratosphere. Both G1 and G4 geoengineering simulations lead to lower minimum temperatures (TNn) at higher latitudes and on land, primarily through feedback effects involving high-latitude processes such as snow cover, sea ice and soil moisture. There is larger cooling of TNn and maximum temperatures (TXx) over land compared with oceans, and the land–sea cooling contrast is larger for TXx than TNn. Maximum 5-day precipitation (Rx5day) increases over subtropical oceans, whereas warm spells (WSDI) decrease markedly in the tropics, and the number of consecutive dry days (CDDs) decreases in most deserts. The precipitation during the tropical cyclone (hurricane) seasons becomes less intense, whilst the remainder of the year becomes wetter. Stratospheric aerosol injection is more effective than solar dimming in moderating extreme precipitation (and flooding). Despite the magnitude of the radiative forcing applied in G1 being ∼ 7.7 times larger than in G4 and despite differences in the aerosol chemistry and transport schemes amongst the models, the two types of geoengineering show similar spatial patterns in normalized differences in extreme temperatures changes. Large differences mainly occur at northern high latitudes, where stratospheric aerosol injection more effectively reduces TNn and TXx. While the pattern of normalized differences in extreme precipitation is more complex than that of extreme temperatures, generally stratospheric aerosol injection is more effective in reducing tropical Rx5day, while solar dimming is more effective over extra-tropical regions. Article in Journal/Newspaper Sea ice Universitet i Oslo: Digitale utgivelser ved UiO (DUO) Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 18 14 10133 10156 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Universitet i Oslo: Digitale utgivelser ved UiO (DUO) |
op_collection_id |
ftoslouniv |
language |
English |
topic |
VDP::Meteorologi: 453 |
spellingShingle |
VDP::Meteorologi: 453 Ji, Duoying Fang, Songsong Curry, Charles L. Kashimura, Hiroki Watanabe, Shingo Cole, Jason N.S. Lenton, Andrew Muri, Helene Østlie Kravitz, Ben Moore, John C. Extreme temperature and precipitation response to solar dimming and stratospheric aerosol geoengineering |
topic_facet |
VDP::Meteorologi: 453 |
description |
We examine extreme temperature and precipitation under two potential geoengineering methods forming part of the Geoengineering Model Intercomparison Project (GeoMIP). The solar dimming experiment G1 is designed to completely offset the global mean radiative forcing due to a CO2-quadrupling experiment (abrupt4 × CO2), while in GeoMIP experiment G4, the radiative forcing due to the representative concentration pathway 4.5 (RCP4.5) scenario is partly offset by a simulated layer of aerosols in the stratosphere. Both G1 and G4 geoengineering simulations lead to lower minimum temperatures (TNn) at higher latitudes and on land, primarily through feedback effects involving high-latitude processes such as snow cover, sea ice and soil moisture. There is larger cooling of TNn and maximum temperatures (TXx) over land compared with oceans, and the land–sea cooling contrast is larger for TXx than TNn. Maximum 5-day precipitation (Rx5day) increases over subtropical oceans, whereas warm spells (WSDI) decrease markedly in the tropics, and the number of consecutive dry days (CDDs) decreases in most deserts. The precipitation during the tropical cyclone (hurricane) seasons becomes less intense, whilst the remainder of the year becomes wetter. Stratospheric aerosol injection is more effective than solar dimming in moderating extreme precipitation (and flooding). Despite the magnitude of the radiative forcing applied in G1 being ∼ 7.7 times larger than in G4 and despite differences in the aerosol chemistry and transport schemes amongst the models, the two types of geoengineering show similar spatial patterns in normalized differences in extreme temperatures changes. Large differences mainly occur at northern high latitudes, where stratospheric aerosol injection more effectively reduces TNn and TXx. While the pattern of normalized differences in extreme precipitation is more complex than that of extreme temperatures, generally stratospheric aerosol injection is more effective in reducing tropical Rx5day, while solar dimming is more effective over extra-tropical regions. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Ji, Duoying Fang, Songsong Curry, Charles L. Kashimura, Hiroki Watanabe, Shingo Cole, Jason N.S. Lenton, Andrew Muri, Helene Østlie Kravitz, Ben Moore, John C. |
author_facet |
Ji, Duoying Fang, Songsong Curry, Charles L. Kashimura, Hiroki Watanabe, Shingo Cole, Jason N.S. Lenton, Andrew Muri, Helene Østlie Kravitz, Ben Moore, John C. |
author_sort |
Ji, Duoying |
title |
Extreme temperature and precipitation response to solar dimming and stratospheric aerosol geoengineering |
title_short |
Extreme temperature and precipitation response to solar dimming and stratospheric aerosol geoengineering |
title_full |
Extreme temperature and precipitation response to solar dimming and stratospheric aerosol geoengineering |
title_fullStr |
Extreme temperature and precipitation response to solar dimming and stratospheric aerosol geoengineering |
title_full_unstemmed |
Extreme temperature and precipitation response to solar dimming and stratospheric aerosol geoengineering |
title_sort |
extreme temperature and precipitation response to solar dimming and stratospheric aerosol geoengineering |
publisher |
Copernicus |
publishDate |
2018 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10852/71202 http://urn.nb.no/URN:NBN:no-74363 https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-10133-2018 |
genre |
Sea ice |
genre_facet |
Sea ice |
op_source |
1680-7316 |
op_relation |
NOTUR/NORSTORE/NS9033K NOTUR/NORSTORE/nn9182k NFR/229760 http://urn.nb.no/URN:NBN:no-74363 Ji, Duoying Fang, Songsong Curry, Charles L. Kashimura, Hiroki Watanabe, Shingo Cole, Jason N.S. Lenton, Andrew Muri, Helene Østlie Kravitz, Ben Moore, John C. . Extreme temperature and precipitation response to solar dimming and stratospheric aerosol geoengineering. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 2018, 18(14), 10133-10156 http://hdl.handle.net/10852/71202 1598367 info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics&rft.volume=18&rft.spage=10133&rft.date=2018 Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 18 14 10133 10156 https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-10133-2018 URN:NBN:no-74363 Fulltext https://www.duo.uio.no/bitstream/handle/10852/71202/2/acp-18-10133-2018.pdf |
op_rights |
Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-10133-2018 |
container_title |
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
container_volume |
18 |
container_issue |
14 |
container_start_page |
10133 |
op_container_end_page |
10156 |
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1766195575185735680 |