Norwegian reference values for the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB): the Tromsø Study
Background The Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) is a common well-established instrument to measure physical performance. It involves a timed 4-m walk, timed repeated chair sit-to-stand test, and 10-s balance tests (side-by-side, semi-tandem, and full-tandem). We aimed to establish reference...
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ftoslouniv:oai:www.duo.uio.no:10852/69102 2023-05-15T18:34:36+02:00 Norwegian reference values for the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB): the Tromsø Study Bergland, Astrid Strand, Bjørn H 2019 http://hdl.handle.net/10852/69102 http://urn.nb.no/URN:NBN:no-72250 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-019-1234-8 eng eng http://urn.nb.no/URN:NBN:no-72250 BMC Geriatrics. 2019 Aug 08;19(1):216 http://hdl.handle.net/10852/69102 1715314 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-019-1234-8 URN:NBN:no-72250 Fulltext https://www.duo.uio.no/bitstream/handle/10852/69102/1/12877_2019_Article_1234.pdf The Author(s). Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ CC-BY Journal article Tidsskriftartikkel Peer reviewed PublishedVersion 2019 ftoslouniv https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-019-1234-8 2020-06-21T08:53:52Z Background The Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) is a common well-established instrument to measure physical performance. It involves a timed 4-m walk, timed repeated chair sit-to-stand test, and 10-s balance tests (side-by-side, semi-tandem, and full-tandem). We aimed to establish reference values for community-dwelling Norwegian adults aged 40 years or older in terms of (1) the total score; (2) the three subtest scores; and (3) the time to complete the repeated chair sit-to-stand test and the walking speed. Additionally, we explored floor and ceiling effects for the SPPB. Methods The study population comprised home dwellers aged 40 years or more who participated in the 7th wave of the Tromsø study. A sample of 7474 participants (53.2% women) completed the SPPB. Crude mean values and standard deviations (SD) were evaluated according to sex and age group. Mean values at specific ages were then estimated using linear regression, along with corresponding 95% confidence intervals. Additionally, quantile regression was used to estimate age-specific percentiles (5th, 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, 90th, and 95th percentiles). Results Considerable variability in SPPB scores was observed. The mean SPPB total score of the entire sample was 11.4 (SD 1.3) points. On average, the SPPB total score was 0.28 points greater in men than in women (p < 0.001). Significant sex differences were observed in all five age groups (40–49, 50–59, 60–69, 70–74, 75–79, and 80+ years). The main decline in the physical function occurred in the mid-sixties, with a slightly earlier decline in women than in men. Ceiling effects were observed in all age groups. Conclusions The present study provides comprehensive, up-to-date normative values for SPPB measures in community-dwelling Norwegians aged at least 40 years that may be used to interpret the results of studies evaluating and establishing appropriate treatment goals. Because of ceiling effects, the SPPB has important limitations for the assessment of physical functioning across the full spectrum of the community-dwelling adults aged 40+ years. Furthermore, we conclude that performance on the SPPB should be reported in terms of the total sum score and registered time to complete the repeated chair sit-to stand test and timed 4-m walk test. Article in Journal/Newspaper Tromsø Universitet i Oslo: Digitale utgivelser ved UiO (DUO) Tromsø BMC Geriatrics 19 1 |
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Universitet i Oslo: Digitale utgivelser ved UiO (DUO) |
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ftoslouniv |
language |
English |
description |
Background The Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) is a common well-established instrument to measure physical performance. It involves a timed 4-m walk, timed repeated chair sit-to-stand test, and 10-s balance tests (side-by-side, semi-tandem, and full-tandem). We aimed to establish reference values for community-dwelling Norwegian adults aged 40 years or older in terms of (1) the total score; (2) the three subtest scores; and (3) the time to complete the repeated chair sit-to-stand test and the walking speed. Additionally, we explored floor and ceiling effects for the SPPB. Methods The study population comprised home dwellers aged 40 years or more who participated in the 7th wave of the Tromsø study. A sample of 7474 participants (53.2% women) completed the SPPB. Crude mean values and standard deviations (SD) were evaluated according to sex and age group. Mean values at specific ages were then estimated using linear regression, along with corresponding 95% confidence intervals. Additionally, quantile regression was used to estimate age-specific percentiles (5th, 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, 90th, and 95th percentiles). Results Considerable variability in SPPB scores was observed. The mean SPPB total score of the entire sample was 11.4 (SD 1.3) points. On average, the SPPB total score was 0.28 points greater in men than in women (p < 0.001). Significant sex differences were observed in all five age groups (40–49, 50–59, 60–69, 70–74, 75–79, and 80+ years). The main decline in the physical function occurred in the mid-sixties, with a slightly earlier decline in women than in men. Ceiling effects were observed in all age groups. Conclusions The present study provides comprehensive, up-to-date normative values for SPPB measures in community-dwelling Norwegians aged at least 40 years that may be used to interpret the results of studies evaluating and establishing appropriate treatment goals. Because of ceiling effects, the SPPB has important limitations for the assessment of physical functioning across the full spectrum of the community-dwelling adults aged 40+ years. Furthermore, we conclude that performance on the SPPB should be reported in terms of the total sum score and registered time to complete the repeated chair sit-to stand test and timed 4-m walk test. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Bergland, Astrid Strand, Bjørn H |
spellingShingle |
Bergland, Astrid Strand, Bjørn H Norwegian reference values for the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB): the Tromsø Study |
author_facet |
Bergland, Astrid Strand, Bjørn H |
author_sort |
Bergland, Astrid |
title |
Norwegian reference values for the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB): the Tromsø Study |
title_short |
Norwegian reference values for the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB): the Tromsø Study |
title_full |
Norwegian reference values for the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB): the Tromsø Study |
title_fullStr |
Norwegian reference values for the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB): the Tromsø Study |
title_full_unstemmed |
Norwegian reference values for the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB): the Tromsø Study |
title_sort |
norwegian reference values for the short physical performance battery (sppb): the tromsø study |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10852/69102 http://urn.nb.no/URN:NBN:no-72250 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-019-1234-8 |
geographic |
Tromsø |
geographic_facet |
Tromsø |
genre |
Tromsø |
genre_facet |
Tromsø |
op_relation |
http://urn.nb.no/URN:NBN:no-72250 BMC Geriatrics. 2019 Aug 08;19(1):216 http://hdl.handle.net/10852/69102 1715314 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-019-1234-8 URN:NBN:no-72250 Fulltext https://www.duo.uio.no/bitstream/handle/10852/69102/1/12877_2019_Article_1234.pdf |
op_rights |
The Author(s). Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-019-1234-8 |
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BMC Geriatrics |
container_volume |
19 |
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1 |
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1766219425743110144 |