Climate warming feedback from mountain birch forest expansion: Reduced albedo dominates carbon uptake
Expanding high‐elevation and high‐latitude forest has contrasting climate feedbacks through carbon sequestration (cooling) and reduced surface reflectance (warming), which are yet poorly quantified. Here, we present an empirically based projection of mountain birch forest expansion in south‐central...
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ftoslouniv:oai:www.duo.uio.no:10852/66503 2023-05-15T18:40:37+02:00 Climate warming feedback from mountain birch forest expansion: Reduced albedo dominates carbon uptake ENEngelskEnglishClimate warming feedback from mountain birch forest expansion: Reduced albedo dominates carbon uptake de Wit, Heleen Bryn, Anders Hofgaard, Annika Karstensen, Jonas Kvalevåg, Maria Malene Peters, Glen Philip 2014-02-10T12:00:04Z http://hdl.handle.net/10852/66503 http://urn.nb.no/URN:NBN:no-69705 https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12483 EN eng Blackwell Science Ltd. NFR/184681 NFR/189977 NFR/176065 http://urn.nb.no/URN:NBN:no-69705 de Wit, Heleen Bryn, Anders Hofgaard, Annika Karstensen, Jonas Kvalevåg, Maria Malene Peters, Glen Philip . Climate warming feedback from mountain birch forest expansion: Reduced albedo dominates carbon uptake. Global Change Biology. 2013, 20(7), 2344-2355 http://hdl.handle.net/10852/66503 1111421 info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.jtitle=Global Change Biology&rft.volume=20&rft.spage=2344&rft.date=2013 Global Change Biology 20 7 2344 2355 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12483 URN:NBN:no-69705 Fulltext https://www.duo.uio.no/bitstream/handle/10852/66503/2/1111421.pdf 1354-1013 Journal article Tidsskriftartikkel Peer reviewed AcceptedVersion 2014 ftoslouniv https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12483 2020-06-21T08:52:30Z Expanding high‐elevation and high‐latitude forest has contrasting climate feedbacks through carbon sequestration (cooling) and reduced surface reflectance (warming), which are yet poorly quantified. Here, we present an empirically based projection of mountain birch forest expansion in south‐central Norway under climate change and absence of land use. Climate effects of carbon sequestration and albedo change are compared using four emission metrics. Forest expansion was modeled for a projected 2.6 °C increase in summer temperature in 2100, with associated reduced snow cover. We find that the current (year 2000) forest line of the region is circa 100 m lower than its climatic potential due to land‐use history. In the future scenarios, forest cover increased from 12% to 27% between 2000 and 2100, resulting in a 59% increase in biomass carbon storage and an albedo change from 0.46 to 0.30. Forest expansion in 2100 was behind its climatic potential, forest migration rates being the primary limiting factor. In 2100, the warming caused by lower albedo from expanding forest was 10 to 17 times stronger than the cooling effect from carbon sequestration for all emission metrics considered. Reduced snow cover further exacerbated the net warming feedback. The warming effect is considerably stronger than previously reported for boreal forest cover, because of the typically low biomass density in mountain forests and the large changes in albedo of snow‐covered tundra areas. The positive climate feedback of high‐latitude and high‐elevation expanding forests with seasonal snow cover exceeds those of afforestation at lower elevation, and calls for further attention of both modelers and empiricists. The inclusion and upscaling of these climate feedbacks from mountain forests into global models is warranted to assess the potential global impacts. Article in Journal/Newspaper Tundra Universitet i Oslo: Digitale utgivelser ved UiO (DUO) Norway Global Change Biology 20 7 2344 2355 |
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Open Polar |
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Universitet i Oslo: Digitale utgivelser ved UiO (DUO) |
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ftoslouniv |
language |
English |
description |
Expanding high‐elevation and high‐latitude forest has contrasting climate feedbacks through carbon sequestration (cooling) and reduced surface reflectance (warming), which are yet poorly quantified. Here, we present an empirically based projection of mountain birch forest expansion in south‐central Norway under climate change and absence of land use. Climate effects of carbon sequestration and albedo change are compared using four emission metrics. Forest expansion was modeled for a projected 2.6 °C increase in summer temperature in 2100, with associated reduced snow cover. We find that the current (year 2000) forest line of the region is circa 100 m lower than its climatic potential due to land‐use history. In the future scenarios, forest cover increased from 12% to 27% between 2000 and 2100, resulting in a 59% increase in biomass carbon storage and an albedo change from 0.46 to 0.30. Forest expansion in 2100 was behind its climatic potential, forest migration rates being the primary limiting factor. In 2100, the warming caused by lower albedo from expanding forest was 10 to 17 times stronger than the cooling effect from carbon sequestration for all emission metrics considered. Reduced snow cover further exacerbated the net warming feedback. The warming effect is considerably stronger than previously reported for boreal forest cover, because of the typically low biomass density in mountain forests and the large changes in albedo of snow‐covered tundra areas. The positive climate feedback of high‐latitude and high‐elevation expanding forests with seasonal snow cover exceeds those of afforestation at lower elevation, and calls for further attention of both modelers and empiricists. The inclusion and upscaling of these climate feedbacks from mountain forests into global models is warranted to assess the potential global impacts. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
de Wit, Heleen Bryn, Anders Hofgaard, Annika Karstensen, Jonas Kvalevåg, Maria Malene Peters, Glen Philip |
spellingShingle |
de Wit, Heleen Bryn, Anders Hofgaard, Annika Karstensen, Jonas Kvalevåg, Maria Malene Peters, Glen Philip Climate warming feedback from mountain birch forest expansion: Reduced albedo dominates carbon uptake |
author_facet |
de Wit, Heleen Bryn, Anders Hofgaard, Annika Karstensen, Jonas Kvalevåg, Maria Malene Peters, Glen Philip |
author_sort |
de Wit, Heleen |
title |
Climate warming feedback from mountain birch forest expansion: Reduced albedo dominates carbon uptake |
title_short |
Climate warming feedback from mountain birch forest expansion: Reduced albedo dominates carbon uptake |
title_full |
Climate warming feedback from mountain birch forest expansion: Reduced albedo dominates carbon uptake |
title_fullStr |
Climate warming feedback from mountain birch forest expansion: Reduced albedo dominates carbon uptake |
title_full_unstemmed |
Climate warming feedback from mountain birch forest expansion: Reduced albedo dominates carbon uptake |
title_sort |
climate warming feedback from mountain birch forest expansion: reduced albedo dominates carbon uptake |
publisher |
Blackwell Science Ltd. |
publishDate |
2014 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10852/66503 http://urn.nb.no/URN:NBN:no-69705 https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12483 |
geographic |
Norway |
geographic_facet |
Norway |
genre |
Tundra |
genre_facet |
Tundra |
op_source |
1354-1013 |
op_relation |
NFR/184681 NFR/189977 NFR/176065 http://urn.nb.no/URN:NBN:no-69705 de Wit, Heleen Bryn, Anders Hofgaard, Annika Karstensen, Jonas Kvalevåg, Maria Malene Peters, Glen Philip . Climate warming feedback from mountain birch forest expansion: Reduced albedo dominates carbon uptake. Global Change Biology. 2013, 20(7), 2344-2355 http://hdl.handle.net/10852/66503 1111421 info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.jtitle=Global Change Biology&rft.volume=20&rft.spage=2344&rft.date=2013 Global Change Biology 20 7 2344 2355 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12483 URN:NBN:no-69705 Fulltext https://www.duo.uio.no/bitstream/handle/10852/66503/2/1111421.pdf |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12483 |
container_title |
Global Change Biology |
container_volume |
20 |
container_issue |
7 |
container_start_page |
2344 |
op_container_end_page |
2355 |
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1766230004981563392 |