Infection prevalence and ecotypes of Anaplasma phagocytophilum in moose Alces alces, red deer Cervus elaphus, roe deer Capreolus capreolus and Ixodes ricinus ticks from Norway
Background The geographical expansion of the tick Ixodes ricinus in northern Europe is a serious concern for animal and human health. The pathogen Anaplasma phagocytophilum is transmitted by ticks and causes emergences of tick-borne fever (anaplasmosis) in livestock. The transmission dynamics of the...
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ftoslouniv:oai:www.duo.uio.no:10852/66087 2023-05-15T13:13:34+02:00 Infection prevalence and ecotypes of Anaplasma phagocytophilum in moose Alces alces, red deer Cervus elaphus, roe deer Capreolus capreolus and Ixodes ricinus ticks from Norway Stigum, Vetle M Jaarsma, Ryanne I Sprong, Hein Rolandsen, Christer M Mysterud, Atle 2019 http://hdl.handle.net/10852/66087 http://urn.nb.no/URN:NBN:no-68593 https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-018-3256-z eng eng http://urn.nb.no/URN:NBN:no-68593 Parasites & Vectors. 2019 Jan 03;12(1):1 http://hdl.handle.net/10852/66087 1697742 https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-018-3256-z URN:NBN:no-68593 Fulltext https://www.duo.uio.no/bitstream/handle/10852/66087/1/13071_2018_Article_3256.pdf The Author(s); licensee BioMed Central Ltd. Attribution 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ CC-BY Journal article Tidsskriftartikkel Peer reviewed PublishedVersion 2019 ftoslouniv https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-018-3256-z 2020-06-21T08:52:47Z Background The geographical expansion of the tick Ixodes ricinus in northern Europe is a serious concern for animal and human health. The pathogen Anaplasma phagocytophilum is transmitted by ticks and causes emergences of tick-borne fever (anaplasmosis) in livestock. The transmission dynamics of the different ecotypes of A. phagocytophilum in the ecosystems is only partly determined. Red deer and roe deer contribute to circulation of different ecotypes of A. phagocytophilum in continental Europe, while the role of moose for circulation of different ecotypes is not fully established but an important issue in northern Europe. Methods We determined infection prevalence and ecotypes of A. phagocytophilum in moose (n = 111), red deer (n = 141), roe deer (n = 28) and questing ticks (n = 9241) in Norway. Results As previously described, red deer was exclusively linked to circulation of ecotype I, while roe deer was exclusively linked to circulation of ecotype II. Surprisingly, we found 58% ecotype I (n = 19) and 42% of ecotype II (n = 14) in moose. Both ecotypes were found in questing ticks in areas with multiple cervid species present, while only ecotype I was found in ticks in a region with only red deer present. Hence, the geographical distribution of ecotypes in ticks followed the distribution of cervid species present in a given region and their link to ecotype I and II. Conclusions Moose probably function as reservoirs for both ecotype I and II, indicating that the ecotypes of A. phagocytophilum are not entirely host-specific and have overlapping niches. The disease hazard depends also on both host abundance and the number of immature ticks fed by each host. Our study provides novel insights in the northern distribution and expansion of tick-borne fever. Article in Journal/Newspaper Alces alces Universitet i Oslo: Digitale utgivelser ved UiO (DUO) Norway Parasites & Vectors 12 1 |
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Open Polar |
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Universitet i Oslo: Digitale utgivelser ved UiO (DUO) |
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ftoslouniv |
language |
English |
description |
Background The geographical expansion of the tick Ixodes ricinus in northern Europe is a serious concern for animal and human health. The pathogen Anaplasma phagocytophilum is transmitted by ticks and causes emergences of tick-borne fever (anaplasmosis) in livestock. The transmission dynamics of the different ecotypes of A. phagocytophilum in the ecosystems is only partly determined. Red deer and roe deer contribute to circulation of different ecotypes of A. phagocytophilum in continental Europe, while the role of moose for circulation of different ecotypes is not fully established but an important issue in northern Europe. Methods We determined infection prevalence and ecotypes of A. phagocytophilum in moose (n = 111), red deer (n = 141), roe deer (n = 28) and questing ticks (n = 9241) in Norway. Results As previously described, red deer was exclusively linked to circulation of ecotype I, while roe deer was exclusively linked to circulation of ecotype II. Surprisingly, we found 58% ecotype I (n = 19) and 42% of ecotype II (n = 14) in moose. Both ecotypes were found in questing ticks in areas with multiple cervid species present, while only ecotype I was found in ticks in a region with only red deer present. Hence, the geographical distribution of ecotypes in ticks followed the distribution of cervid species present in a given region and their link to ecotype I and II. Conclusions Moose probably function as reservoirs for both ecotype I and II, indicating that the ecotypes of A. phagocytophilum are not entirely host-specific and have overlapping niches. The disease hazard depends also on both host abundance and the number of immature ticks fed by each host. Our study provides novel insights in the northern distribution and expansion of tick-borne fever. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Stigum, Vetle M Jaarsma, Ryanne I Sprong, Hein Rolandsen, Christer M Mysterud, Atle |
spellingShingle |
Stigum, Vetle M Jaarsma, Ryanne I Sprong, Hein Rolandsen, Christer M Mysterud, Atle Infection prevalence and ecotypes of Anaplasma phagocytophilum in moose Alces alces, red deer Cervus elaphus, roe deer Capreolus capreolus and Ixodes ricinus ticks from Norway |
author_facet |
Stigum, Vetle M Jaarsma, Ryanne I Sprong, Hein Rolandsen, Christer M Mysterud, Atle |
author_sort |
Stigum, Vetle M |
title |
Infection prevalence and ecotypes of Anaplasma phagocytophilum in moose Alces alces, red deer Cervus elaphus, roe deer Capreolus capreolus and Ixodes ricinus ticks from Norway |
title_short |
Infection prevalence and ecotypes of Anaplasma phagocytophilum in moose Alces alces, red deer Cervus elaphus, roe deer Capreolus capreolus and Ixodes ricinus ticks from Norway |
title_full |
Infection prevalence and ecotypes of Anaplasma phagocytophilum in moose Alces alces, red deer Cervus elaphus, roe deer Capreolus capreolus and Ixodes ricinus ticks from Norway |
title_fullStr |
Infection prevalence and ecotypes of Anaplasma phagocytophilum in moose Alces alces, red deer Cervus elaphus, roe deer Capreolus capreolus and Ixodes ricinus ticks from Norway |
title_full_unstemmed |
Infection prevalence and ecotypes of Anaplasma phagocytophilum in moose Alces alces, red deer Cervus elaphus, roe deer Capreolus capreolus and Ixodes ricinus ticks from Norway |
title_sort |
infection prevalence and ecotypes of anaplasma phagocytophilum in moose alces alces, red deer cervus elaphus, roe deer capreolus capreolus and ixodes ricinus ticks from norway |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10852/66087 http://urn.nb.no/URN:NBN:no-68593 https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-018-3256-z |
geographic |
Norway |
geographic_facet |
Norway |
genre |
Alces alces |
genre_facet |
Alces alces |
op_relation |
http://urn.nb.no/URN:NBN:no-68593 Parasites & Vectors. 2019 Jan 03;12(1):1 http://hdl.handle.net/10852/66087 1697742 https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-018-3256-z URN:NBN:no-68593 Fulltext https://www.duo.uio.no/bitstream/handle/10852/66087/1/13071_2018_Article_3256.pdf |
op_rights |
The Author(s); licensee BioMed Central Ltd. Attribution 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-018-3256-z |
container_title |
Parasites & Vectors |
container_volume |
12 |
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1 |
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1766259195330428928 |