Vulnerability and resilience of the carbon exchange of a subarctic peatland to an extreme winter event
Extreme winter events that damage vegetation are considered an important climatic cause of arctic browning—a reversal of the greening trend of the region—and possibly reduce the carbon uptake of northern ecosystems. Confirmation of a reduction in CO2 uptake due to winter damage, however, remains elu...
Published in: | Environmental Research Letters |
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ftoslouniv:oai:www.duo.uio.no:10852/65373 2023-05-15T14:56:43+02:00 Vulnerability and resilience of the carbon exchange of a subarctic peatland to an extreme winter event ENEngelskEnglishVulnerability and resilience of the carbon exchange of a subarctic peatland to an extreme winter event Parmentier, Frans-Jan Rasse, Daniel P. Lund, Magnus Bjerke, Jarle W. Drake, Bert G. Weldon, Simon Mark Tømmervik, Hans Hansen, Georg Heinrich 2018-06-05T14:19:19Z http://hdl.handle.net/10852/65373 http://urn.nb.no/URN:NBN:no-68382 https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aabff3 EN eng http://urn.nb.no/URN:NBN:no-68382 Parmentier, Frans-Jan Rasse, Daniel P. Lund, Magnus Bjerke, Jarle W. Drake, Bert G. Weldon, Simon Mark Tømmervik, Hans Hansen, Georg Heinrich . Vulnerability and resilience of the carbon exchange of a subarctic peatland to an extreme winter event. Environmental Research Letters. 2018, 13 http://hdl.handle.net/10852/65373 1589136 info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.jtitle=Environmental Research Letters&rft.volume=13&rft.spage=&rft.date=2018 Environmental Research Letters 13 http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aabff3 URN:NBN:no-68382 Fulltext https://www.duo.uio.no/bitstream/handle/10852/65373/2/Bjerke%2BVulnerability%2BEnvResLett%2B13%2B2018.pdf Attribution 3.0 Unported https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ CC-BY 1748-9326 Journal article Tidsskriftartikkel Peer reviewed PublishedVersion 2018 ftoslouniv https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aabff3 2020-06-21T08:52:19Z Extreme winter events that damage vegetation are considered an important climatic cause of arctic browning—a reversal of the greening trend of the region—and possibly reduce the carbon uptake of northern ecosystems. Confirmation of a reduction in CO2 uptake due to winter damage, however, remains elusive due to a lack of flux measurements from affected ecosystems. In this study, we report eddy covariance fluxes of CO2 from a peatland in northern Norway and show that vegetation CO2 uptake was delayed and reduced in the summer of 2014 following an extreme winter event earlier that year. Strong frost in the absence of a protective snow cover—its combined intensity unprecedented in the local climate record—caused severe dieback of the dwarf shrub species Calluna vulgaris and Empetrum nigrum. Similar vegetation damage was reported at the time along ~1000 km of coastal Norway, showing the widespread impact of this event. Our results indicate that gross primary production (GPP) exhibited a delayed response to temperature following snowmelt. From snowmelt up to the peak of summer, this reduced carbon uptake by 14 (0–24) g C m−2 (~12% of GPP in that period)—similar to the effect of interannual variations in summer weather. Concurrently, remotely-sensed NDVI dropped to the lowest level in more than a decade. However, bulk photosynthesis was eventually stimulated by the warm and sunny summer, raising total GPP. Species other than the vulnerable shrubs were probably resilient to the extreme winter event. The warm summer also increased ecosystem respiration, which limited net carbon uptake. This study shows that damage from a single extreme winter event can have an ecosystem-wide impact on CO2 uptake, and highlights the importance of including winter-induced shrub damage in terrestrial ecosystem models to accurately predict trends in vegetation productivity and carbon sequestration in the Arctic and sub-Arctic. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Empetrum nigrum Northern Norway Subarctic Universitet i Oslo: Digitale utgivelser ved UiO (DUO) Arctic Norway Browning ENVELOPE(164.050,164.050,-74.617,-74.617) Environmental Research Letters 13 6 065009 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Universitet i Oslo: Digitale utgivelser ved UiO (DUO) |
op_collection_id |
ftoslouniv |
language |
English |
description |
Extreme winter events that damage vegetation are considered an important climatic cause of arctic browning—a reversal of the greening trend of the region—and possibly reduce the carbon uptake of northern ecosystems. Confirmation of a reduction in CO2 uptake due to winter damage, however, remains elusive due to a lack of flux measurements from affected ecosystems. In this study, we report eddy covariance fluxes of CO2 from a peatland in northern Norway and show that vegetation CO2 uptake was delayed and reduced in the summer of 2014 following an extreme winter event earlier that year. Strong frost in the absence of a protective snow cover—its combined intensity unprecedented in the local climate record—caused severe dieback of the dwarf shrub species Calluna vulgaris and Empetrum nigrum. Similar vegetation damage was reported at the time along ~1000 km of coastal Norway, showing the widespread impact of this event. Our results indicate that gross primary production (GPP) exhibited a delayed response to temperature following snowmelt. From snowmelt up to the peak of summer, this reduced carbon uptake by 14 (0–24) g C m−2 (~12% of GPP in that period)—similar to the effect of interannual variations in summer weather. Concurrently, remotely-sensed NDVI dropped to the lowest level in more than a decade. However, bulk photosynthesis was eventually stimulated by the warm and sunny summer, raising total GPP. Species other than the vulnerable shrubs were probably resilient to the extreme winter event. The warm summer also increased ecosystem respiration, which limited net carbon uptake. This study shows that damage from a single extreme winter event can have an ecosystem-wide impact on CO2 uptake, and highlights the importance of including winter-induced shrub damage in terrestrial ecosystem models to accurately predict trends in vegetation productivity and carbon sequestration in the Arctic and sub-Arctic. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Parmentier, Frans-Jan Rasse, Daniel P. Lund, Magnus Bjerke, Jarle W. Drake, Bert G. Weldon, Simon Mark Tømmervik, Hans Hansen, Georg Heinrich |
spellingShingle |
Parmentier, Frans-Jan Rasse, Daniel P. Lund, Magnus Bjerke, Jarle W. Drake, Bert G. Weldon, Simon Mark Tømmervik, Hans Hansen, Georg Heinrich Vulnerability and resilience of the carbon exchange of a subarctic peatland to an extreme winter event |
author_facet |
Parmentier, Frans-Jan Rasse, Daniel P. Lund, Magnus Bjerke, Jarle W. Drake, Bert G. Weldon, Simon Mark Tømmervik, Hans Hansen, Georg Heinrich |
author_sort |
Parmentier, Frans-Jan |
title |
Vulnerability and resilience of the carbon exchange of a subarctic peatland to an extreme winter event |
title_short |
Vulnerability and resilience of the carbon exchange of a subarctic peatland to an extreme winter event |
title_full |
Vulnerability and resilience of the carbon exchange of a subarctic peatland to an extreme winter event |
title_fullStr |
Vulnerability and resilience of the carbon exchange of a subarctic peatland to an extreme winter event |
title_full_unstemmed |
Vulnerability and resilience of the carbon exchange of a subarctic peatland to an extreme winter event |
title_sort |
vulnerability and resilience of the carbon exchange of a subarctic peatland to an extreme winter event |
publishDate |
2018 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10852/65373 http://urn.nb.no/URN:NBN:no-68382 https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aabff3 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(164.050,164.050,-74.617,-74.617) |
geographic |
Arctic Norway Browning |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Norway Browning |
genre |
Arctic Empetrum nigrum Northern Norway Subarctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic Empetrum nigrum Northern Norway Subarctic |
op_source |
1748-9326 |
op_relation |
http://urn.nb.no/URN:NBN:no-68382 Parmentier, Frans-Jan Rasse, Daniel P. Lund, Magnus Bjerke, Jarle W. Drake, Bert G. Weldon, Simon Mark Tømmervik, Hans Hansen, Georg Heinrich . Vulnerability and resilience of the carbon exchange of a subarctic peatland to an extreme winter event. Environmental Research Letters. 2018, 13 http://hdl.handle.net/10852/65373 1589136 info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.jtitle=Environmental Research Letters&rft.volume=13&rft.spage=&rft.date=2018 Environmental Research Letters 13 http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aabff3 URN:NBN:no-68382 Fulltext https://www.duo.uio.no/bitstream/handle/10852/65373/2/Bjerke%2BVulnerability%2BEnvResLett%2B13%2B2018.pdf |
op_rights |
Attribution 3.0 Unported https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aabff3 |
container_title |
Environmental Research Letters |
container_volume |
13 |
container_issue |
6 |
container_start_page |
065009 |
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1766328800535117824 |