Genetic diversity of historical Atlantic walruses (Odobenus rosmarus rosmarus) from Bjørnøya and Håøya (Tusenøyane), Svalbard, Norway
Background The population size of Atlantic walruses (Odobenus rosmarus rosmarus) is depleted relative to historical abundance levels. In Svalbard, centuries of over-exploitation brought the walrus herds to the verge of extinction, and such bottlenecks may have caused loss of genetic variation. To ad...
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ftoslouniv:oai:www.duo.uio.no:10852/49225 2023-05-15T15:44:49+02:00 Genetic diversity of historical Atlantic walruses (Odobenus rosmarus rosmarus) from Bjørnøya and Håøya (Tusenøyane), Svalbard, Norway Lindqvist, Charlotte Roy, Tilottama Lydersen, Christian Kovacs, Kit M Aars, Jon Wiig, Øystein Bachmann, Lutz 2016 http://hdl.handle.net/10852/49225 http://urn.nb.no/URN:NBN:no-52994 https://doi.org/10.1186/s13104-016-1907-8 eng eng http://urn.nb.no/URN:NBN:no-52994 BMC Research Notes. 2016 Feb 18;9(1):112 http://hdl.handle.net/10852/49225 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13104-016-1907-8 URN:NBN:no-52994 Fulltext https://www.duo.uio.no/bitstream/handle/10852/49225/1/13104_2016_Article_1907.pdf Lindqvist et al. Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ CC-BY Journal article Tidsskriftartikkel Peer reviewed PublishedVersion 2016 ftoslouniv https://doi.org/10.1186/s13104-016-1907-8 2020-06-21T08:49:27Z Background The population size of Atlantic walruses (Odobenus rosmarus rosmarus) is depleted relative to historical abundance levels. In Svalbard, centuries of over-exploitation brought the walrus herds to the verge of extinction, and such bottlenecks may have caused loss of genetic variation. To address this for Svalbard walruses, mitochondrial haplotypes of historical walruses from two major haul-out sites, Bjørnøya and Håøya, within the Archipelago were explored using bone samples from animals killed during the peak period of harvesting. Results Using ancient DNA methodologies, the mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase 1 (ND1) gene, the cytochrome c oxidase 1 (COI) gene, and the control region (CR) were targeted for 15 specimens from Bjørnøya (of which five were entirely negative) and 9 specimens from Håøya (of which one was entirely negative). While ND1 and COI sequences were obtained for only a few samples, the CR delivered the most comprehensive data set, and the average genetic distance among historic Svalbard samples was 0.0028 (SD = 0.0023). Conclusions The CR sequences from the historical samples appear to be nested among contemporary Atlantic walruses, and no distinct mitochondrial haplogroups were identified in the historical samples that may have been lost during the periods of extensive hunting. However, given the low sample size and poor phylogenetic resolution it cannot be excluded that such haplogroups existed. Article in Journal/Newspaper Bjørnøya Odobenus rosmarus Svalbard Tusenøyane walrus* Universitet i Oslo: Digitale utgivelser ved UiO (DUO) Bjørnøya ENVELOPE(-67.250,-67.250,-68.151,-68.151) Norway Svalbard Tusenøyane ENVELOPE(22.084,22.084,77.106,77.106) BMC Research Notes 9 1 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Universitet i Oslo: Digitale utgivelser ved UiO (DUO) |
op_collection_id |
ftoslouniv |
language |
English |
description |
Background The population size of Atlantic walruses (Odobenus rosmarus rosmarus) is depleted relative to historical abundance levels. In Svalbard, centuries of over-exploitation brought the walrus herds to the verge of extinction, and such bottlenecks may have caused loss of genetic variation. To address this for Svalbard walruses, mitochondrial haplotypes of historical walruses from two major haul-out sites, Bjørnøya and Håøya, within the Archipelago were explored using bone samples from animals killed during the peak period of harvesting. Results Using ancient DNA methodologies, the mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase 1 (ND1) gene, the cytochrome c oxidase 1 (COI) gene, and the control region (CR) were targeted for 15 specimens from Bjørnøya (of which five were entirely negative) and 9 specimens from Håøya (of which one was entirely negative). While ND1 and COI sequences were obtained for only a few samples, the CR delivered the most comprehensive data set, and the average genetic distance among historic Svalbard samples was 0.0028 (SD = 0.0023). Conclusions The CR sequences from the historical samples appear to be nested among contemporary Atlantic walruses, and no distinct mitochondrial haplogroups were identified in the historical samples that may have been lost during the periods of extensive hunting. However, given the low sample size and poor phylogenetic resolution it cannot be excluded that such haplogroups existed. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Lindqvist, Charlotte Roy, Tilottama Lydersen, Christian Kovacs, Kit M Aars, Jon Wiig, Øystein Bachmann, Lutz |
spellingShingle |
Lindqvist, Charlotte Roy, Tilottama Lydersen, Christian Kovacs, Kit M Aars, Jon Wiig, Øystein Bachmann, Lutz Genetic diversity of historical Atlantic walruses (Odobenus rosmarus rosmarus) from Bjørnøya and Håøya (Tusenøyane), Svalbard, Norway |
author_facet |
Lindqvist, Charlotte Roy, Tilottama Lydersen, Christian Kovacs, Kit M Aars, Jon Wiig, Øystein Bachmann, Lutz |
author_sort |
Lindqvist, Charlotte |
title |
Genetic diversity of historical Atlantic walruses (Odobenus rosmarus rosmarus) from Bjørnøya and Håøya (Tusenøyane), Svalbard, Norway |
title_short |
Genetic diversity of historical Atlantic walruses (Odobenus rosmarus rosmarus) from Bjørnøya and Håøya (Tusenøyane), Svalbard, Norway |
title_full |
Genetic diversity of historical Atlantic walruses (Odobenus rosmarus rosmarus) from Bjørnøya and Håøya (Tusenøyane), Svalbard, Norway |
title_fullStr |
Genetic diversity of historical Atlantic walruses (Odobenus rosmarus rosmarus) from Bjørnøya and Håøya (Tusenøyane), Svalbard, Norway |
title_full_unstemmed |
Genetic diversity of historical Atlantic walruses (Odobenus rosmarus rosmarus) from Bjørnøya and Håøya (Tusenøyane), Svalbard, Norway |
title_sort |
genetic diversity of historical atlantic walruses (odobenus rosmarus rosmarus) from bjørnøya and håøya (tusenøyane), svalbard, norway |
publishDate |
2016 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10852/49225 http://urn.nb.no/URN:NBN:no-52994 https://doi.org/10.1186/s13104-016-1907-8 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-67.250,-67.250,-68.151,-68.151) ENVELOPE(22.084,22.084,77.106,77.106) |
geographic |
Bjørnøya Norway Svalbard Tusenøyane |
geographic_facet |
Bjørnøya Norway Svalbard Tusenøyane |
genre |
Bjørnøya Odobenus rosmarus Svalbard Tusenøyane walrus* |
genre_facet |
Bjørnøya Odobenus rosmarus Svalbard Tusenøyane walrus* |
op_relation |
http://urn.nb.no/URN:NBN:no-52994 BMC Research Notes. 2016 Feb 18;9(1):112 http://hdl.handle.net/10852/49225 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13104-016-1907-8 URN:NBN:no-52994 Fulltext https://www.duo.uio.no/bitstream/handle/10852/49225/1/13104_2016_Article_1907.pdf |
op_rights |
Lindqvist et al. Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1186/s13104-016-1907-8 |
container_title |
BMC Research Notes |
container_volume |
9 |
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1 |
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