Rapid warming and degradation of mountain permafrost in Norway and Iceland
Abstract. With the EU-funded PACE (Permafrost and Climate in Europe) project at the turn of this century, several deep boreholes (100 m+) were drilled in European mountain sites, including in mainland Norway, Svalbard and Sweden. During other projects from 2004 and the International Polar Year (IPY)...
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ftoslouniv:oai:www.duo.uio.no:10852/109471 2024-09-15T18:12:55+00:00 Rapid warming and degradation of mountain permafrost in Norway and Iceland ENEngelskEnglishRapid warming and degradation of mountain permafrost in Norway and Iceland Etzelmüller, Bernd Isaksen, Ketil Czekirda, Justyna Westermann, Sebastian Hilbich, Christin Hauck, Christian 2024-01-19T09:58:37Z http://hdl.handle.net/10852/109471 https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-17-5477-2023 EN eng NFR/341400 Etzelmüller, Bernd Isaksen, Ketil Czekirda, Justyna Westermann, Sebastian Hilbich, Christin Hauck, Christian . Rapid warming and degradation of mountain permafrost in Norway and Iceland. The Cryosphere. 2023, 17(12), 5477-5497 http://hdl.handle.net/10852/109471 2230058 info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.jtitle=The Cryosphere&rft.volume=17&rft.spage=5477&rft.date=2023 The Cryosphere 17 12 5477 5497 https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-17-5477-2023 Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 1994-0416 Journal article Tidsskriftartikkel Peer reviewed PublishedVersion 2024 ftoslouniv https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-17-5477-2023 2024-08-05T14:09:29Z Abstract. With the EU-funded PACE (Permafrost and Climate in Europe) project at the turn of this century, several deep boreholes (100 m+) were drilled in European mountain sites, including in mainland Norway, Svalbard and Sweden. During other projects from 2004 and the International Polar Year (IPY) period in 2006–2007, several additional boreholes were drilled in different sites in both Norway and Iceland, measuring temperatures along both altitudinal and latitudinal gradients. At most sites, multi-temporal geophysical soundings are available using electrical resistivity tomography (ERT). Here, we study the development of permafrost and ground temperatures in mainland Norway and Iceland based on these data sets. We document that permafrost in Norway and Iceland is warming at a high rate, including the development of taliks in both Norway and Iceland in response to global climate change during the last 20 years. At most sites, ground surface temperature (GST) is apparently increasing more strongly than surface air temperature (SAT). Changing snow conditions appear to be the most important factor for the higher GST rates. Modelling exercises also indicate that the talik development can be explained by both higher air temperatures and increasing snow depth. Article in Journal/Newspaper Iceland International Polar Year IPY permafrost Svalbard The Cryosphere Universitet i Oslo: Digitale utgivelser ved UiO (DUO) The Cryosphere 17 12 5477 5497 |
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Open Polar |
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Universitet i Oslo: Digitale utgivelser ved UiO (DUO) |
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ftoslouniv |
language |
English |
description |
Abstract. With the EU-funded PACE (Permafrost and Climate in Europe) project at the turn of this century, several deep boreholes (100 m+) were drilled in European mountain sites, including in mainland Norway, Svalbard and Sweden. During other projects from 2004 and the International Polar Year (IPY) period in 2006–2007, several additional boreholes were drilled in different sites in both Norway and Iceland, measuring temperatures along both altitudinal and latitudinal gradients. At most sites, multi-temporal geophysical soundings are available using electrical resistivity tomography (ERT). Here, we study the development of permafrost and ground temperatures in mainland Norway and Iceland based on these data sets. We document that permafrost in Norway and Iceland is warming at a high rate, including the development of taliks in both Norway and Iceland in response to global climate change during the last 20 years. At most sites, ground surface temperature (GST) is apparently increasing more strongly than surface air temperature (SAT). Changing snow conditions appear to be the most important factor for the higher GST rates. Modelling exercises also indicate that the talik development can be explained by both higher air temperatures and increasing snow depth. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Etzelmüller, Bernd Isaksen, Ketil Czekirda, Justyna Westermann, Sebastian Hilbich, Christin Hauck, Christian |
spellingShingle |
Etzelmüller, Bernd Isaksen, Ketil Czekirda, Justyna Westermann, Sebastian Hilbich, Christin Hauck, Christian Rapid warming and degradation of mountain permafrost in Norway and Iceland |
author_facet |
Etzelmüller, Bernd Isaksen, Ketil Czekirda, Justyna Westermann, Sebastian Hilbich, Christin Hauck, Christian |
author_sort |
Etzelmüller, Bernd |
title |
Rapid warming and degradation of mountain permafrost in Norway and Iceland |
title_short |
Rapid warming and degradation of mountain permafrost in Norway and Iceland |
title_full |
Rapid warming and degradation of mountain permafrost in Norway and Iceland |
title_fullStr |
Rapid warming and degradation of mountain permafrost in Norway and Iceland |
title_full_unstemmed |
Rapid warming and degradation of mountain permafrost in Norway and Iceland |
title_sort |
rapid warming and degradation of mountain permafrost in norway and iceland |
publishDate |
2024 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10852/109471 https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-17-5477-2023 |
genre |
Iceland International Polar Year IPY permafrost Svalbard The Cryosphere |
genre_facet |
Iceland International Polar Year IPY permafrost Svalbard The Cryosphere |
op_source |
1994-0416 |
op_relation |
NFR/341400 Etzelmüller, Bernd Isaksen, Ketil Czekirda, Justyna Westermann, Sebastian Hilbich, Christin Hauck, Christian . Rapid warming and degradation of mountain permafrost in Norway and Iceland. The Cryosphere. 2023, 17(12), 5477-5497 http://hdl.handle.net/10852/109471 2230058 info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.jtitle=The Cryosphere&rft.volume=17&rft.spage=5477&rft.date=2023 The Cryosphere 17 12 5477 5497 https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-17-5477-2023 |
op_rights |
Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-17-5477-2023 |
container_title |
The Cryosphere |
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17 |
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12 |
container_start_page |
5477 |
op_container_end_page |
5497 |
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1810450504612839424 |