Post-Little Ice Age rock wall permafrost evolution in Norway
The ground thermal regime and permafrost development have an important influence on geomorphological processes in periglacial regions and ultimately landscape development. About 10 % of unstable rock slopes in Norway are potentially underlain by widespread permafrost. Permafrost thaw and degradation...
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ftoslouniv:oai:www.duo.uio.no:10852/109013 2024-09-15T18:11:25+00:00 Post-Little Ice Age rock wall permafrost evolution in Norway ENEngelskEnglishPost-Little Ice Age rock wall permafrost evolution in Norway Czekirda, Justyna Etzelmüller, Bernd Westermann, Sebastian Isaksen, Ketil Magnin, Florence 2023-09-20T09:47:12Z http://hdl.handle.net/10852/109013 https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-17-2725-2023 EN eng NFR/243784 Czekirda, Justyna Etzelmüller, Bernd Westermann, Sebastian Isaksen, Ketil Magnin, Florence . Post-Little Ice Age rock wall permafrost evolution in Norway. The Cryosphere. 2023, 17(7), 2725-2754 http://hdl.handle.net/10852/109013 2176855 info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.jtitle=The Cryosphere&rft.volume=17&rft.spage=2725&rft.date=2023 The Cryosphere 17 7 2725 2754 https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-17-2725-2023 Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 1994-0416 Journal article Tidsskriftartikkel Peer reviewed PublishedVersion 2023 ftoslouniv https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-17-2725-2023 2024-08-05T14:09:29Z The ground thermal regime and permafrost development have an important influence on geomorphological processes in periglacial regions and ultimately landscape development. About 10 % of unstable rock slopes in Norway are potentially underlain by widespread permafrost. Permafrost thaw and degradation may play a role in slope destabilisation, and more knowledge about rock wall permafrost in Norway is needed to investigate possible links between the ground thermal regime, geomorphological activity and natural hazards. We assess spatio-temporal permafrost variations in selected rock walls in Norway over the last 120 years. Ground temperature is modelled using the two-dimensional ground heat flux model CryoGrid 2D along nine profiles crossing instrumented rock walls in Norway. The simulation results show the distribution of permafrost is sporadic to continuous along the modelled profiles. Results suggest that ground temperature at 20 m depth in steep rock faces increased by 0.2 ∘C per decade on average since the 1980s, and rates of change increase with elevation within a single rock wall section. Heat flow direction is primarily vertical within mountains in Norway. Nevertheless, narrow ridges may still be sensitive to even small differences in ground surface temperature and may have horizontal heat fluxes. This study further demonstrates how rock wall temperature increase rates and rock wall permafrost distribution are influenced by factors such as surface air temperature uncertainties; surface offsets arising from the incoming shortwave solar radiation; snow conditions on, above and below rock walls; and rock wall geometry and size together with adjacent blockfield-covered plateaus or glaciers. Article in Journal/Newspaper Ice permafrost The Cryosphere Universitet i Oslo: Digitale utgivelser ved UiO (DUO) The Cryosphere 17 7 2725 2754 |
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Open Polar |
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Universitet i Oslo: Digitale utgivelser ved UiO (DUO) |
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ftoslouniv |
language |
English |
description |
The ground thermal regime and permafrost development have an important influence on geomorphological processes in periglacial regions and ultimately landscape development. About 10 % of unstable rock slopes in Norway are potentially underlain by widespread permafrost. Permafrost thaw and degradation may play a role in slope destabilisation, and more knowledge about rock wall permafrost in Norway is needed to investigate possible links between the ground thermal regime, geomorphological activity and natural hazards. We assess spatio-temporal permafrost variations in selected rock walls in Norway over the last 120 years. Ground temperature is modelled using the two-dimensional ground heat flux model CryoGrid 2D along nine profiles crossing instrumented rock walls in Norway. The simulation results show the distribution of permafrost is sporadic to continuous along the modelled profiles. Results suggest that ground temperature at 20 m depth in steep rock faces increased by 0.2 ∘C per decade on average since the 1980s, and rates of change increase with elevation within a single rock wall section. Heat flow direction is primarily vertical within mountains in Norway. Nevertheless, narrow ridges may still be sensitive to even small differences in ground surface temperature and may have horizontal heat fluxes. This study further demonstrates how rock wall temperature increase rates and rock wall permafrost distribution are influenced by factors such as surface air temperature uncertainties; surface offsets arising from the incoming shortwave solar radiation; snow conditions on, above and below rock walls; and rock wall geometry and size together with adjacent blockfield-covered plateaus or glaciers. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Czekirda, Justyna Etzelmüller, Bernd Westermann, Sebastian Isaksen, Ketil Magnin, Florence |
spellingShingle |
Czekirda, Justyna Etzelmüller, Bernd Westermann, Sebastian Isaksen, Ketil Magnin, Florence Post-Little Ice Age rock wall permafrost evolution in Norway |
author_facet |
Czekirda, Justyna Etzelmüller, Bernd Westermann, Sebastian Isaksen, Ketil Magnin, Florence |
author_sort |
Czekirda, Justyna |
title |
Post-Little Ice Age rock wall permafrost evolution in Norway |
title_short |
Post-Little Ice Age rock wall permafrost evolution in Norway |
title_full |
Post-Little Ice Age rock wall permafrost evolution in Norway |
title_fullStr |
Post-Little Ice Age rock wall permafrost evolution in Norway |
title_full_unstemmed |
Post-Little Ice Age rock wall permafrost evolution in Norway |
title_sort |
post-little ice age rock wall permafrost evolution in norway |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10852/109013 https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-17-2725-2023 |
genre |
Ice permafrost The Cryosphere |
genre_facet |
Ice permafrost The Cryosphere |
op_source |
1994-0416 |
op_relation |
NFR/243784 Czekirda, Justyna Etzelmüller, Bernd Westermann, Sebastian Isaksen, Ketil Magnin, Florence . Post-Little Ice Age rock wall permafrost evolution in Norway. The Cryosphere. 2023, 17(7), 2725-2754 http://hdl.handle.net/10852/109013 2176855 info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.jtitle=The Cryosphere&rft.volume=17&rft.spage=2725&rft.date=2023 The Cryosphere 17 7 2725 2754 https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-17-2725-2023 |
op_rights |
Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-17-2725-2023 |
container_title |
The Cryosphere |
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17 |
container_issue |
7 |
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2725 |
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2754 |
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