Economic crisis and smoking behaviour: prospective cohort study in Iceland

Objective: To examine the associations between the 2008 economic collapse in Iceland and smoking behaviour at the national and individual levels. Design: A population-based, prospective cohort study based on a mail survey (Health and Wellbeing in Iceland) assessed in 2007 and 2009. Setting: National...

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Main Authors: McClure, Christopher Bruce, Valdimarsdóttir, Unnur A., Hauksdóttir, Arna, Kawachi, Ichiro
Other Authors: College of Public Health and Human Sciences
Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
Language:English
unknown
Published: BMJ Publishing Group Ltd
Subjects:
Online Access:https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/articles/rv042z978
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spelling ftoregonstate:ir.library.oregonstate.edu:rv042z978 2024-09-15T18:13:18+00:00 Economic crisis and smoking behaviour: prospective cohort study in Iceland McClure, Christopher Bruce Valdimarsdóttir, Unnur A. Hauksdóttir, Arna Kawachi, Ichiro College of Public Health and Human Sciences https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/articles/rv042z978 English [eng] eng unknown BMJ Publishing Group Ltd https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/articles/rv042z978 Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 United States Article ftoregonstate 2024-07-22T18:06:04Z Objective: To examine the associations between the 2008 economic collapse in Iceland and smoking behaviour at the national and individual levels. Design: A population-based, prospective cohort study based on a mail survey (Health and Wellbeing in Iceland) assessed in 2007 and 2009. Setting: National mail survey. Participants: Representative cohort (n=3755) of Icelandic adults. Main outcome measure: Smoking status. Results: A significant reduction in the prevalence of smoking was observed from 2007 (pre-economic collapse) to 2009 (postcollapse) in both males (17.4-14.8%; p 0.01) and females (20.0-17.5%; p 0.01) in the cohort (n=3755). At the individual level of analysis, male former smokers experiencing a reduction in income during the same period were less likely to relapse (OR 0.37; 95% CI 0.16 to 0.85). Female smokers were less likely to quit over time compared to males (OR 0.65; 95% CI 0.45 to 0.93). Among male former smokers who experienced an increase in income between 2007 and 2009, we observed an elevated risk of smoking relapse (OR 4.02; 95% CI 1.15 to 14.00). Conclusions: The national prevalence of smoking in Iceland declined following the 2008 economic crisis. This could be due to the procyclical relationship between macro-economic conditions and smoking behaviour (ie, hard times lead to less smoking because of lower affordability), or it may simply reflect a continuation of trends already in place prior to the crisis. In individual-level analysis, we find that former smokers who experienced a decline in income were less likely to relapse; and conversely, an increase in income raises the risk. However, caution is warranted since these findings are based on small numbers. Keywords: Relapse, Times, Perceived stress, Cessation, Mortality, Health, Depression Keywords: Relapse, Times, Perceived stress, Cessation, Mortality, Health, Depression Article in Journal/Newspaper Iceland ScholarsArchive@OSU (Oregon State University)
institution Open Polar
collection ScholarsArchive@OSU (Oregon State University)
op_collection_id ftoregonstate
language English
unknown
description Objective: To examine the associations between the 2008 economic collapse in Iceland and smoking behaviour at the national and individual levels. Design: A population-based, prospective cohort study based on a mail survey (Health and Wellbeing in Iceland) assessed in 2007 and 2009. Setting: National mail survey. Participants: Representative cohort (n=3755) of Icelandic adults. Main outcome measure: Smoking status. Results: A significant reduction in the prevalence of smoking was observed from 2007 (pre-economic collapse) to 2009 (postcollapse) in both males (17.4-14.8%; p 0.01) and females (20.0-17.5%; p 0.01) in the cohort (n=3755). At the individual level of analysis, male former smokers experiencing a reduction in income during the same period were less likely to relapse (OR 0.37; 95% CI 0.16 to 0.85). Female smokers were less likely to quit over time compared to males (OR 0.65; 95% CI 0.45 to 0.93). Among male former smokers who experienced an increase in income between 2007 and 2009, we observed an elevated risk of smoking relapse (OR 4.02; 95% CI 1.15 to 14.00). Conclusions: The national prevalence of smoking in Iceland declined following the 2008 economic crisis. This could be due to the procyclical relationship between macro-economic conditions and smoking behaviour (ie, hard times lead to less smoking because of lower affordability), or it may simply reflect a continuation of trends already in place prior to the crisis. In individual-level analysis, we find that former smokers who experienced a decline in income were less likely to relapse; and conversely, an increase in income raises the risk. However, caution is warranted since these findings are based on small numbers. Keywords: Relapse, Times, Perceived stress, Cessation, Mortality, Health, Depression Keywords: Relapse, Times, Perceived stress, Cessation, Mortality, Health, Depression
author2 College of Public Health and Human Sciences
format Article in Journal/Newspaper
author McClure, Christopher Bruce
Valdimarsdóttir, Unnur A.
Hauksdóttir, Arna
Kawachi, Ichiro
spellingShingle McClure, Christopher Bruce
Valdimarsdóttir, Unnur A.
Hauksdóttir, Arna
Kawachi, Ichiro
Economic crisis and smoking behaviour: prospective cohort study in Iceland
author_facet McClure, Christopher Bruce
Valdimarsdóttir, Unnur A.
Hauksdóttir, Arna
Kawachi, Ichiro
author_sort McClure, Christopher Bruce
title Economic crisis and smoking behaviour: prospective cohort study in Iceland
title_short Economic crisis and smoking behaviour: prospective cohort study in Iceland
title_full Economic crisis and smoking behaviour: prospective cohort study in Iceland
title_fullStr Economic crisis and smoking behaviour: prospective cohort study in Iceland
title_full_unstemmed Economic crisis and smoking behaviour: prospective cohort study in Iceland
title_sort economic crisis and smoking behaviour: prospective cohort study in iceland
publisher BMJ Publishing Group Ltd
url https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/articles/rv042z978
genre Iceland
genre_facet Iceland
op_relation https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/articles/rv042z978
op_rights Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 United States
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