Investigating Influences of Natural and Anthropogenic Lead Sources on Environmental Archives at Multiple Spatial and Temporal Scales: Evidence from Oysters and Ice Cores

Environmental archives provide records of natural and anthropogenic variation in the environment at different temporal and spatial scales. Lead (Pb) concentrations and isotopic ratios are useful tracers of anthropogenic emissions from industrial activities including mining, smelting, and leaded gaso...

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Main Author: Wensman, Sophia M.
Other Authors: Shiel, Alyssa E., Kent, Adam, Boiteau, Rene, Waldbusser, George G., Garcia, Tiffany, College of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Sciences
Format: Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis
Language:English
Published: Oregon State University
Subjects:
Online Access:https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/graduate_thesis_or_dissertations/2801pq54v
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spelling ftoregonstate:ir.library.oregonstate.edu:2801pq54v 2023-06-11T04:15:42+02:00 Investigating Influences of Natural and Anthropogenic Lead Sources on Environmental Archives at Multiple Spatial and Temporal Scales: Evidence from Oysters and Ice Cores Wensman, Sophia M. Shiel, Alyssa E. Kent, Adam Boiteau, Rene Waldbusser, George G. Garcia, Tiffany College of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Sciences https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/graduate_thesis_or_dissertations/2801pq54v English [eng] eng Oregon State University https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/graduate_thesis_or_dissertations/2801pq54v All rights reserved Dissertation ftoregonstate 2023-05-07T17:54:13Z Environmental archives provide records of natural and anthropogenic variation in the environment at different temporal and spatial scales. Lead (Pb) concentrations and isotopic ratios are useful tracers of anthropogenic emissions from industrial activities including mining, smelting, and leaded gasoline use, however, methods of measuring Pb are largely limited in low concentration media. In this study, measurement protocols and methods are developed in two environmental archives – oyster shells and ice – to improve geochemical analyses of Pb. Additionally, oyster fitness is examined to determine best management practices for culturing bivalves under worsening ocean acidification (OA) conditions. As a result of OA, periods of decreased calcite saturation state have increased in duration, intensity, and magnitude, making calcareous organisms such as oysters, vulnerable to changes in carbonate chemistry. In Chapter 2 condition indices in oyster shells were measured to examine the impacts of culturing practices on oyster fitness to mitigate impacts of worsening OA conditions. Oysters were cultured at varying tidal heights, either on rebar platforms, or on top of shell plantings. Results indicated that growing oysters off bottom without shell plantings produced the most positive influence on oyster fitness. Shell plantings negatively influenced summertime condition index results, but showed higher than predicted shell weights, likely suggesting these cultures produced higher quality shell compared to oysters cultured on rebar platforms. Thus, this work demonstrated that traditional methods of measuring oyster fatness, using condition indices, may be problematic in carbonate poor environments due to their reliance on shell weights, which may be impacted by dissolution of calcium carbonate shell. While laser ablation quadrupole inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-Q-ICP-MS) offers a low cost, efficient, and powerful tool for direct elemental analysis of solid samples, Pb isotopic analyses are limited in ... Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis Ocean acidification ScholarsArchive@OSU (Oregon State University)
institution Open Polar
collection ScholarsArchive@OSU (Oregon State University)
op_collection_id ftoregonstate
language English
description Environmental archives provide records of natural and anthropogenic variation in the environment at different temporal and spatial scales. Lead (Pb) concentrations and isotopic ratios are useful tracers of anthropogenic emissions from industrial activities including mining, smelting, and leaded gasoline use, however, methods of measuring Pb are largely limited in low concentration media. In this study, measurement protocols and methods are developed in two environmental archives – oyster shells and ice – to improve geochemical analyses of Pb. Additionally, oyster fitness is examined to determine best management practices for culturing bivalves under worsening ocean acidification (OA) conditions. As a result of OA, periods of decreased calcite saturation state have increased in duration, intensity, and magnitude, making calcareous organisms such as oysters, vulnerable to changes in carbonate chemistry. In Chapter 2 condition indices in oyster shells were measured to examine the impacts of culturing practices on oyster fitness to mitigate impacts of worsening OA conditions. Oysters were cultured at varying tidal heights, either on rebar platforms, or on top of shell plantings. Results indicated that growing oysters off bottom without shell plantings produced the most positive influence on oyster fitness. Shell plantings negatively influenced summertime condition index results, but showed higher than predicted shell weights, likely suggesting these cultures produced higher quality shell compared to oysters cultured on rebar platforms. Thus, this work demonstrated that traditional methods of measuring oyster fatness, using condition indices, may be problematic in carbonate poor environments due to their reliance on shell weights, which may be impacted by dissolution of calcium carbonate shell. While laser ablation quadrupole inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-Q-ICP-MS) offers a low cost, efficient, and powerful tool for direct elemental analysis of solid samples, Pb isotopic analyses are limited in ...
author2 Shiel, Alyssa E.
Kent, Adam
Boiteau, Rene
Waldbusser, George G.
Garcia, Tiffany
College of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Sciences
format Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis
author Wensman, Sophia M.
spellingShingle Wensman, Sophia M.
Investigating Influences of Natural and Anthropogenic Lead Sources on Environmental Archives at Multiple Spatial and Temporal Scales: Evidence from Oysters and Ice Cores
author_facet Wensman, Sophia M.
author_sort Wensman, Sophia M.
title Investigating Influences of Natural and Anthropogenic Lead Sources on Environmental Archives at Multiple Spatial and Temporal Scales: Evidence from Oysters and Ice Cores
title_short Investigating Influences of Natural and Anthropogenic Lead Sources on Environmental Archives at Multiple Spatial and Temporal Scales: Evidence from Oysters and Ice Cores
title_full Investigating Influences of Natural and Anthropogenic Lead Sources on Environmental Archives at Multiple Spatial and Temporal Scales: Evidence from Oysters and Ice Cores
title_fullStr Investigating Influences of Natural and Anthropogenic Lead Sources on Environmental Archives at Multiple Spatial and Temporal Scales: Evidence from Oysters and Ice Cores
title_full_unstemmed Investigating Influences of Natural and Anthropogenic Lead Sources on Environmental Archives at Multiple Spatial and Temporal Scales: Evidence from Oysters and Ice Cores
title_sort investigating influences of natural and anthropogenic lead sources on environmental archives at multiple spatial and temporal scales: evidence from oysters and ice cores
publisher Oregon State University
url https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/graduate_thesis_or_dissertations/2801pq54v
genre Ocean acidification
genre_facet Ocean acidification
op_relation https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/graduate_thesis_or_dissertations/2801pq54v
op_rights All rights reserved
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