Seasonal and inter-annual variability of air-sea CO2 fluxes and seawater carbonate chemistry in the Southern North Sea
peer reviewed A 3D coupled biogeochemical–hydrodynamic model (MIRO-CO2&CO) is implemented in the English Channel (ECH) and the Southern Bight of the North Sea (SBNS) to estimate the present-day spatio-temporal distribution of air–sea CO2 fluxes, surface water partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2) and o...
Published in: | Progress in Oceanography |
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Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
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Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science
2011
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Online Access: | https://orbi.uliege.be/handle/2268/83543 https://orbi.uliege.be/bitstream/2268/83543/1/gypens_et_al_2011.pdf https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2010.11.004 |
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ftorbi:oai:orbi.ulg.ac.be:2268/83543 2024-04-21T08:09:42+00:00 Seasonal and inter-annual variability of air-sea CO2 fluxes and seawater carbonate chemistry in the Southern North Sea Gypens, N. Lacroix, G. Lancelot, C. Borges, Alberto FOCUS - Freshwater and OCeanic science Unit of reSearch - ULiège 2011 https://orbi.uliege.be/handle/2268/83543 https://orbi.uliege.be/bitstream/2268/83543/1/gypens_et_al_2011.pdf https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2010.11.004 en eng Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science urn:issn:0079-6611 https://orbi.uliege.be/handle/2268/83543 info:hdl:2268/83543 https://orbi.uliege.be/bitstream/2268/83543/1/gypens_et_al_2011.pdf doi:10.1016/j.pocean.2010.11.004 scopus-id:2-s2.0-79551490363 open access http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Progress in Oceanography, 88 (1-4), 59-77 (2011) Life sciences Aquatic sciences & oceanology Sciences du vivant Sciences aquatiques & océanologie journal article http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501 info:eu-repo/semantics/article peer reviewed 2011 ftorbi https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2010.11.004 2024-03-27T14:54:15Z peer reviewed A 3D coupled biogeochemical–hydrodynamic model (MIRO-CO2&CO) is implemented in the English Channel (ECH) and the Southern Bight of the North Sea (SBNS) to estimate the present-day spatio-temporal distribution of air–sea CO2 fluxes, surface water partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2) and other components of the carbonate system (pH, saturation state of calcite (Xca) and of aragonite (Xar)), and the main drivers of their variability. Over the 1994–2004 period, air–sea CO2 fluxes show significant interannual variability, with oscillations between net annual CO2 sinks and sources. The inter annual variability of air–sea CO2 fluxes simulated in the SBNS is controlled primarily by river loads and changes of biological activities (net autotrophy in spring and early summer, and net heterotrophy in winter and autumn), while in areas less influenced by river inputs such as the ECH, the inter annual variations of air–sea CO2 fluxes are mainly due to changes in sea surface temperature and in near-surface wind strength and direction. In the ECH, the decrease of pH, of Xca and of Xar follows the one expected from the increase of atmospheric CO2 (ocean acidification), but the decrease of these quantities in the SBNS during the considered time period is faster than the one expected from ocean acidification alone. This seems to be related to a general pattern of decreasing nutrient river loads and net ecosystem production (NEP) in the SBNS. Annually, the combined effect of carbon and nutrient loads leads to an increase of the sink of CO2 in the ECH and the SBNS, but the impact of the river loads varies spatially and is stronger in river plumes and nearshore waters than in offshore waters. The impact of organic and inorganic carbon (C) inputs is mainly confined to the coast and generates a source of CO2 to the atmosphere and low pH, of Xca and of Xar values in estuarine plumes, while the impact of nutrient loads, highest than the effect of C inputs in coastal nearshore waters, also propagates offshore and, by ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Ocean acidification University of Liège: ORBi (Open Repository and Bibliography) Progress in Oceanography 88 1-4 59 77 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of Liège: ORBi (Open Repository and Bibliography) |
op_collection_id |
ftorbi |
language |
English |
topic |
Life sciences Aquatic sciences & oceanology Sciences du vivant Sciences aquatiques & océanologie |
spellingShingle |
Life sciences Aquatic sciences & oceanology Sciences du vivant Sciences aquatiques & océanologie Gypens, N. Lacroix, G. Lancelot, C. Borges, Alberto Seasonal and inter-annual variability of air-sea CO2 fluxes and seawater carbonate chemistry in the Southern North Sea |
topic_facet |
Life sciences Aquatic sciences & oceanology Sciences du vivant Sciences aquatiques & océanologie |
description |
peer reviewed A 3D coupled biogeochemical–hydrodynamic model (MIRO-CO2&CO) is implemented in the English Channel (ECH) and the Southern Bight of the North Sea (SBNS) to estimate the present-day spatio-temporal distribution of air–sea CO2 fluxes, surface water partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2) and other components of the carbonate system (pH, saturation state of calcite (Xca) and of aragonite (Xar)), and the main drivers of their variability. Over the 1994–2004 period, air–sea CO2 fluxes show significant interannual variability, with oscillations between net annual CO2 sinks and sources. The inter annual variability of air–sea CO2 fluxes simulated in the SBNS is controlled primarily by river loads and changes of biological activities (net autotrophy in spring and early summer, and net heterotrophy in winter and autumn), while in areas less influenced by river inputs such as the ECH, the inter annual variations of air–sea CO2 fluxes are mainly due to changes in sea surface temperature and in near-surface wind strength and direction. In the ECH, the decrease of pH, of Xca and of Xar follows the one expected from the increase of atmospheric CO2 (ocean acidification), but the decrease of these quantities in the SBNS during the considered time period is faster than the one expected from ocean acidification alone. This seems to be related to a general pattern of decreasing nutrient river loads and net ecosystem production (NEP) in the SBNS. Annually, the combined effect of carbon and nutrient loads leads to an increase of the sink of CO2 in the ECH and the SBNS, but the impact of the river loads varies spatially and is stronger in river plumes and nearshore waters than in offshore waters. The impact of organic and inorganic carbon (C) inputs is mainly confined to the coast and generates a source of CO2 to the atmosphere and low pH, of Xca and of Xar values in estuarine plumes, while the impact of nutrient loads, highest than the effect of C inputs in coastal nearshore waters, also propagates offshore and, by ... |
author2 |
FOCUS - Freshwater and OCeanic science Unit of reSearch - ULiège |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Gypens, N. Lacroix, G. Lancelot, C. Borges, Alberto |
author_facet |
Gypens, N. Lacroix, G. Lancelot, C. Borges, Alberto |
author_sort |
Gypens, N. |
title |
Seasonal and inter-annual variability of air-sea CO2 fluxes and seawater carbonate chemistry in the Southern North Sea |
title_short |
Seasonal and inter-annual variability of air-sea CO2 fluxes and seawater carbonate chemistry in the Southern North Sea |
title_full |
Seasonal and inter-annual variability of air-sea CO2 fluxes and seawater carbonate chemistry in the Southern North Sea |
title_fullStr |
Seasonal and inter-annual variability of air-sea CO2 fluxes and seawater carbonate chemistry in the Southern North Sea |
title_full_unstemmed |
Seasonal and inter-annual variability of air-sea CO2 fluxes and seawater carbonate chemistry in the Southern North Sea |
title_sort |
seasonal and inter-annual variability of air-sea co2 fluxes and seawater carbonate chemistry in the southern north sea |
publisher |
Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science |
publishDate |
2011 |
url |
https://orbi.uliege.be/handle/2268/83543 https://orbi.uliege.be/bitstream/2268/83543/1/gypens_et_al_2011.pdf https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2010.11.004 |
genre |
Ocean acidification |
genre_facet |
Ocean acidification |
op_source |
Progress in Oceanography, 88 (1-4), 59-77 (2011) |
op_relation |
urn:issn:0079-6611 https://orbi.uliege.be/handle/2268/83543 info:hdl:2268/83543 https://orbi.uliege.be/bitstream/2268/83543/1/gypens_et_al_2011.pdf doi:10.1016/j.pocean.2010.11.004 scopus-id:2-s2.0-79551490363 |
op_rights |
open access http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2010.11.004 |
container_title |
Progress in Oceanography |
container_volume |
88 |
container_issue |
1-4 |
container_start_page |
59 |
op_container_end_page |
77 |
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1796950870998384640 |