Recent warming trends of the Greenland ice sheet documented by historical firn and ice temperature observations and machine learning
peer reviewed Abstract. Surface melt on the Greenland ice sheet has been increasing in intensity and extent over the last decades due to Arctic atmospheric warming. Surface melt depends on the surface energy balance, which includes the atmospheric forcing but also the thermal budget of the snow, fir...
Published in: | The Cryosphere |
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Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
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Copernicus GmbH
2024
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Online Access: | https://orbi.uliege.be/handle/2268/313171 https://orbi.uliege.be/bitstream/2268/313171/1/Vandecrux-2024-TC%20%28GRD%2c10m%20temperature%2cmodel%29.pdf https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-609-2024 |
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ftorbi:oai:orbi.ulg.ac.be:2268/313171 2024-04-21T08:03:18+00:00 Recent warming trends of the Greenland ice sheet documented by historical firn and ice temperature observations and machine learning Vandecrux, Baptiste Fausto, Robert S. Box, Jason E. Covi, Federico Hock, Regine Rennermalm, Åsa K. Heilig, Achim Abermann, Jakob van As, Dirk Bjerre, Elisa Fettweis, Xavier Smeets, Paul C. J. P. Kuipers Munneke, Peter van den Broeke, Michiel R. Brils, Max Langen, Peter L. Mottram, Ruth Ahlstrøm, Andreas P. SPHERES - ULiège BE 2024-02-12 https://orbi.uliege.be/handle/2268/313171 https://orbi.uliege.be/bitstream/2268/313171/1/Vandecrux-2024-TC%20%28GRD%2c10m%20temperature%2cmodel%29.pdf https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-609-2024 en eng Copernicus GmbH https://tc.copernicus.org/articles/18/609/2024/tc-18-609-2024.pdf urn:issn:1994-0416 urn:issn:1994-0424 https://orbi.uliege.be/handle/2268/313171 info:hdl:2268/313171 https://orbi.uliege.be/bitstream/2268/313171/1/Vandecrux-2024-TC%20%28GRD%2c10m%20temperature%2cmodel%29.pdf doi:10.5194/tc-18-609-2024 scopus-id:2-s2.0-85186082614 open access http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess The Cryosphere, 18 (2), 609-631 (2024-02-12) Earth-Surface Processes Water Science and Technology Physical chemical mathematical & earth Sciences Earth sciences & physical geography Physique chimie mathématiques & sciences de la terre Sciences de la terre & géographie physique journal article http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501 info:eu-repo/semantics/article peer reviewed 2024 ftorbi https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-609-2024 2024-03-27T15:00:36Z peer reviewed Abstract. Surface melt on the Greenland ice sheet has been increasing in intensity and extent over the last decades due to Arctic atmospheric warming. Surface melt depends on the surface energy balance, which includes the atmospheric forcing but also the thermal budget of the snow, firn and ice near the ice sheet surface. The temperature of the ice sheet subsurface has been used as an indicator of the thermal state of the ice sheet's surface. Here, we present a compilation of 4612 measurements of firn and ice temperature at 10 m below the surface (T10 m) across the ice sheet, spanning from 1912 to 2022. The measurements are either instantaneous or monthly averages. We train an artificial neural network model (ANN) on 4597 of these point observations, weighted by their relative representativity, and use it to reconstruct T10 m over the entire Greenland ice sheet for the period 1950–2022 at a monthly timescale. We use 10-year averages and mean annual values of air temperature and snowfall from the ERA5 reanalysis dataset as model input. The ANN indicates a Greenland-wide positive trend of T10 m at 0.2 ∘C per decade during the 1950–2022 period, with a cooling during 1950–1985 (−0.4 ∘C per decade) followed by a warming during 1985–2022 (+0.7 ∘ per decade). Regional climate models HIRHAM5, RACMO2.3p2 and MARv3.12 show mixed results compared to the observational T10 m dataset, with mean differences ranging from −0.4 ∘C (HIRHAM) to 1.2 ∘C (MAR) and root mean squared differences ranging from 2.8 ∘C (HIRHAM) to 4.7 ∘C (MAR). The observation-based ANN also reveals an underestimation of the subsurface warming trends in climate models for the bare-ice and dry-snow areas. The subsurface warming brings the Greenland ice sheet surface closer to the melting point, reducing the amount of energy input required for melting. Our compilation documents the response of the ice sheet subsurface to atmospheric warming and will enable further improvements of models used for ice sheet mass loss assessment and reduce the ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Greenland Ice Sheet The Cryosphere University of Liège: ORBi (Open Repository and Bibliography) The Cryosphere 18 2 609 631 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of Liège: ORBi (Open Repository and Bibliography) |
op_collection_id |
ftorbi |
language |
English |
topic |
Earth-Surface Processes Water Science and Technology Physical chemical mathematical & earth Sciences Earth sciences & physical geography Physique chimie mathématiques & sciences de la terre Sciences de la terre & géographie physique |
spellingShingle |
Earth-Surface Processes Water Science and Technology Physical chemical mathematical & earth Sciences Earth sciences & physical geography Physique chimie mathématiques & sciences de la terre Sciences de la terre & géographie physique Vandecrux, Baptiste Fausto, Robert S. Box, Jason E. Covi, Federico Hock, Regine Rennermalm, Åsa K. Heilig, Achim Abermann, Jakob van As, Dirk Bjerre, Elisa Fettweis, Xavier Smeets, Paul C. J. P. Kuipers Munneke, Peter van den Broeke, Michiel R. Brils, Max Langen, Peter L. Mottram, Ruth Ahlstrøm, Andreas P. Recent warming trends of the Greenland ice sheet documented by historical firn and ice temperature observations and machine learning |
topic_facet |
Earth-Surface Processes Water Science and Technology Physical chemical mathematical & earth Sciences Earth sciences & physical geography Physique chimie mathématiques & sciences de la terre Sciences de la terre & géographie physique |
description |
peer reviewed Abstract. Surface melt on the Greenland ice sheet has been increasing in intensity and extent over the last decades due to Arctic atmospheric warming. Surface melt depends on the surface energy balance, which includes the atmospheric forcing but also the thermal budget of the snow, firn and ice near the ice sheet surface. The temperature of the ice sheet subsurface has been used as an indicator of the thermal state of the ice sheet's surface. Here, we present a compilation of 4612 measurements of firn and ice temperature at 10 m below the surface (T10 m) across the ice sheet, spanning from 1912 to 2022. The measurements are either instantaneous or monthly averages. We train an artificial neural network model (ANN) on 4597 of these point observations, weighted by their relative representativity, and use it to reconstruct T10 m over the entire Greenland ice sheet for the period 1950–2022 at a monthly timescale. We use 10-year averages and mean annual values of air temperature and snowfall from the ERA5 reanalysis dataset as model input. The ANN indicates a Greenland-wide positive trend of T10 m at 0.2 ∘C per decade during the 1950–2022 period, with a cooling during 1950–1985 (−0.4 ∘C per decade) followed by a warming during 1985–2022 (+0.7 ∘ per decade). Regional climate models HIRHAM5, RACMO2.3p2 and MARv3.12 show mixed results compared to the observational T10 m dataset, with mean differences ranging from −0.4 ∘C (HIRHAM) to 1.2 ∘C (MAR) and root mean squared differences ranging from 2.8 ∘C (HIRHAM) to 4.7 ∘C (MAR). The observation-based ANN also reveals an underestimation of the subsurface warming trends in climate models for the bare-ice and dry-snow areas. The subsurface warming brings the Greenland ice sheet surface closer to the melting point, reducing the amount of energy input required for melting. Our compilation documents the response of the ice sheet subsurface to atmospheric warming and will enable further improvements of models used for ice sheet mass loss assessment and reduce the ... |
author2 |
SPHERES - ULiège BE |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Vandecrux, Baptiste Fausto, Robert S. Box, Jason E. Covi, Federico Hock, Regine Rennermalm, Åsa K. Heilig, Achim Abermann, Jakob van As, Dirk Bjerre, Elisa Fettweis, Xavier Smeets, Paul C. J. P. Kuipers Munneke, Peter van den Broeke, Michiel R. Brils, Max Langen, Peter L. Mottram, Ruth Ahlstrøm, Andreas P. |
author_facet |
Vandecrux, Baptiste Fausto, Robert S. Box, Jason E. Covi, Federico Hock, Regine Rennermalm, Åsa K. Heilig, Achim Abermann, Jakob van As, Dirk Bjerre, Elisa Fettweis, Xavier Smeets, Paul C. J. P. Kuipers Munneke, Peter van den Broeke, Michiel R. Brils, Max Langen, Peter L. Mottram, Ruth Ahlstrøm, Andreas P. |
author_sort |
Vandecrux, Baptiste |
title |
Recent warming trends of the Greenland ice sheet documented by historical firn and ice temperature observations and machine learning |
title_short |
Recent warming trends of the Greenland ice sheet documented by historical firn and ice temperature observations and machine learning |
title_full |
Recent warming trends of the Greenland ice sheet documented by historical firn and ice temperature observations and machine learning |
title_fullStr |
Recent warming trends of the Greenland ice sheet documented by historical firn and ice temperature observations and machine learning |
title_full_unstemmed |
Recent warming trends of the Greenland ice sheet documented by historical firn and ice temperature observations and machine learning |
title_sort |
recent warming trends of the greenland ice sheet documented by historical firn and ice temperature observations and machine learning |
publisher |
Copernicus GmbH |
publishDate |
2024 |
url |
https://orbi.uliege.be/handle/2268/313171 https://orbi.uliege.be/bitstream/2268/313171/1/Vandecrux-2024-TC%20%28GRD%2c10m%20temperature%2cmodel%29.pdf https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-609-2024 |
genre |
Greenland Ice Sheet The Cryosphere |
genre_facet |
Greenland Ice Sheet The Cryosphere |
op_source |
The Cryosphere, 18 (2), 609-631 (2024-02-12) |
op_relation |
https://tc.copernicus.org/articles/18/609/2024/tc-18-609-2024.pdf urn:issn:1994-0416 urn:issn:1994-0424 https://orbi.uliege.be/handle/2268/313171 info:hdl:2268/313171 https://orbi.uliege.be/bitstream/2268/313171/1/Vandecrux-2024-TC%20%28GRD%2c10m%20temperature%2cmodel%29.pdf doi:10.5194/tc-18-609-2024 scopus-id:2-s2.0-85186082614 |
op_rights |
open access http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-609-2024 |
container_title |
The Cryosphere |
container_volume |
18 |
container_issue |
2 |
container_start_page |
609 |
op_container_end_page |
631 |
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1796943211806064640 |