Meltwater layer dynamics in a central Arctic lead: Effects of lead width, re-freezing, and mixing during late summer
peer reviewed Leads play an important role in the exchange of heat, gases, vapour, and particles between seawater and the atmosphere in ice-covered polar oceans. In summer, these processes can be modified significantly by the formation of a meltwater layer at the surface, yet we know little about th...
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Language: | English |
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University of California Press
2023
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Online Access: | https://orbi.uliege.be/handle/2268/312351 https://orbi.uliege.be/bitstream/2268/312351/1/elementa.2022.00102.pdf https://doi.org/10.1525/elementa.2022.00102 |
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ftorbi:oai:orbi.ulg.ac.be:2268/312351 2024-04-21T07:56:01+00:00 Meltwater layer dynamics in a central Arctic lead: Effects of lead width, re-freezing, and mixing during late summer Nomura, Daiki Kawaguchi, Yusuke Webb, Alison L. Li, Yuhong Dall'osto, Manuel Schmidt, Katrin Droste, Elise S. Chamberlain, Emelia J. Kolabutin, Nikolai Shimanchuk, Egor Hoppmann, Mario Gallagher, Michael R. Meyer, Hanno Mellat, Moein Bauch, Dorothea Gabarró, Carolina Smith, Madison M. Inoue, Jun Damm, Ellen Delille, Bruno FOCUS - Freshwater and OCeanic science Unit of reSearch - ULiège BE 2023-05-15 https://orbi.uliege.be/handle/2268/312351 https://orbi.uliege.be/bitstream/2268/312351/1/elementa.2022.00102.pdf https://doi.org/10.1525/elementa.2022.00102 en eng University of California Press https://online.ucpress.edu/elementa/article-pdf/doi/10.1525/elementa.2022.00102/786588/elementa.2022.00102.pdf urn:issn:2325-1026 https://orbi.uliege.be/handle/2268/312351 info:hdl:2268/312351 https://orbi.uliege.be/bitstream/2268/312351/1/elementa.2022.00102.pdf doi:10.1525/elementa.2022.00102 scopus-id:2-s2.0-85168997135 open access http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene, 11 (1) (2023-05-15) Arctic Ocean Lead Meltwater Mixing Re-freezing Sea ice Oceanography Environmental Engineering Ecology Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology Geology Atmospheric Science Physical chemical mathematical & earth Sciences Earth sciences & physical geography Physique chimie mathématiques & sciences de la terre Sciences de la terre & géographie physique journal article http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501 info:eu-repo/semantics/article peer reviewed 2023 ftorbi https://doi.org/10.1525/elementa.2022.00102 2024-03-27T14:59:50Z peer reviewed Leads play an important role in the exchange of heat, gases, vapour, and particles between seawater and the atmosphere in ice-covered polar oceans. In summer, these processes can be modified significantly by the formation of a meltwater layer at the surface, yet we know little about the dynamics of meltwater layer formation and persistence. During the drift campaign of the Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC), we examined how variation in lead width, re-freezing, and mixing events affected the vertical structure of lead waters during late summer in the central Arctic. At the beginning of the 4-week survey period, a meltwater layer occupied the surface 0.8 m of the lead, and temperature and salinity showed strong vertical gradients. Stable oxygen isotopes indicate that the meltwater consisted mainly of sea ice meltwater rather than snow meltwater. During the first half of the survey period (before freezing), the meltwater layer thickness decreased rapidly as lead width increased and stretched the layer horizontally. During the latter half of the survey period (after freezing of the lead surface), stratification weakened and the meltwater layer became thinner before disappearing completely due to surface ice formation and mixing processes. Removal of meltwater during surface ice formation explained about 43% of the reduction in thickness of the meltwater layer. The remaining approximate 57% could be explained by mixing within the water column initiated by disturbance of the lower boundary of the meltwater layer through wind-induced ice floe drift. These results indicate that rapid, dynamic changes to lead water structure can have potentially significant effects on the exchange of physical and biogeochemical components throughout the atmosphere-lead-underlying seawater system. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Ocean Sea ice University of Liège: ORBi (Open Repository and Bibliography) Elem Sci Anth 11 1 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of Liège: ORBi (Open Repository and Bibliography) |
op_collection_id |
ftorbi |
language |
English |
topic |
Arctic Ocean Lead Meltwater Mixing Re-freezing Sea ice Oceanography Environmental Engineering Ecology Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology Geology Atmospheric Science Physical chemical mathematical & earth Sciences Earth sciences & physical geography Physique chimie mathématiques & sciences de la terre Sciences de la terre & géographie physique |
spellingShingle |
Arctic Ocean Lead Meltwater Mixing Re-freezing Sea ice Oceanography Environmental Engineering Ecology Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology Geology Atmospheric Science Physical chemical mathematical & earth Sciences Earth sciences & physical geography Physique chimie mathématiques & sciences de la terre Sciences de la terre & géographie physique Nomura, Daiki Kawaguchi, Yusuke Webb, Alison L. Li, Yuhong Dall'osto, Manuel Schmidt, Katrin Droste, Elise S. Chamberlain, Emelia J. Kolabutin, Nikolai Shimanchuk, Egor Hoppmann, Mario Gallagher, Michael R. Meyer, Hanno Mellat, Moein Bauch, Dorothea Gabarró, Carolina Smith, Madison M. Inoue, Jun Damm, Ellen Delille, Bruno Meltwater layer dynamics in a central Arctic lead: Effects of lead width, re-freezing, and mixing during late summer |
topic_facet |
Arctic Ocean Lead Meltwater Mixing Re-freezing Sea ice Oceanography Environmental Engineering Ecology Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology Geology Atmospheric Science Physical chemical mathematical & earth Sciences Earth sciences & physical geography Physique chimie mathématiques & sciences de la terre Sciences de la terre & géographie physique |
description |
peer reviewed Leads play an important role in the exchange of heat, gases, vapour, and particles between seawater and the atmosphere in ice-covered polar oceans. In summer, these processes can be modified significantly by the formation of a meltwater layer at the surface, yet we know little about the dynamics of meltwater layer formation and persistence. During the drift campaign of the Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC), we examined how variation in lead width, re-freezing, and mixing events affected the vertical structure of lead waters during late summer in the central Arctic. At the beginning of the 4-week survey period, a meltwater layer occupied the surface 0.8 m of the lead, and temperature and salinity showed strong vertical gradients. Stable oxygen isotopes indicate that the meltwater consisted mainly of sea ice meltwater rather than snow meltwater. During the first half of the survey period (before freezing), the meltwater layer thickness decreased rapidly as lead width increased and stretched the layer horizontally. During the latter half of the survey period (after freezing of the lead surface), stratification weakened and the meltwater layer became thinner before disappearing completely due to surface ice formation and mixing processes. Removal of meltwater during surface ice formation explained about 43% of the reduction in thickness of the meltwater layer. The remaining approximate 57% could be explained by mixing within the water column initiated by disturbance of the lower boundary of the meltwater layer through wind-induced ice floe drift. These results indicate that rapid, dynamic changes to lead water structure can have potentially significant effects on the exchange of physical and biogeochemical components throughout the atmosphere-lead-underlying seawater system. |
author2 |
FOCUS - Freshwater and OCeanic science Unit of reSearch - ULiège BE |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Nomura, Daiki Kawaguchi, Yusuke Webb, Alison L. Li, Yuhong Dall'osto, Manuel Schmidt, Katrin Droste, Elise S. Chamberlain, Emelia J. Kolabutin, Nikolai Shimanchuk, Egor Hoppmann, Mario Gallagher, Michael R. Meyer, Hanno Mellat, Moein Bauch, Dorothea Gabarró, Carolina Smith, Madison M. Inoue, Jun Damm, Ellen Delille, Bruno |
author_facet |
Nomura, Daiki Kawaguchi, Yusuke Webb, Alison L. Li, Yuhong Dall'osto, Manuel Schmidt, Katrin Droste, Elise S. Chamberlain, Emelia J. Kolabutin, Nikolai Shimanchuk, Egor Hoppmann, Mario Gallagher, Michael R. Meyer, Hanno Mellat, Moein Bauch, Dorothea Gabarró, Carolina Smith, Madison M. Inoue, Jun Damm, Ellen Delille, Bruno |
author_sort |
Nomura, Daiki |
title |
Meltwater layer dynamics in a central Arctic lead: Effects of lead width, re-freezing, and mixing during late summer |
title_short |
Meltwater layer dynamics in a central Arctic lead: Effects of lead width, re-freezing, and mixing during late summer |
title_full |
Meltwater layer dynamics in a central Arctic lead: Effects of lead width, re-freezing, and mixing during late summer |
title_fullStr |
Meltwater layer dynamics in a central Arctic lead: Effects of lead width, re-freezing, and mixing during late summer |
title_full_unstemmed |
Meltwater layer dynamics in a central Arctic lead: Effects of lead width, re-freezing, and mixing during late summer |
title_sort |
meltwater layer dynamics in a central arctic lead: effects of lead width, re-freezing, and mixing during late summer |
publisher |
University of California Press |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
https://orbi.uliege.be/handle/2268/312351 https://orbi.uliege.be/bitstream/2268/312351/1/elementa.2022.00102.pdf https://doi.org/10.1525/elementa.2022.00102 |
genre |
Arctic Ocean Sea ice |
genre_facet |
Arctic Ocean Sea ice |
op_source |
Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene, 11 (1) (2023-05-15) |
op_relation |
https://online.ucpress.edu/elementa/article-pdf/doi/10.1525/elementa.2022.00102/786588/elementa.2022.00102.pdf urn:issn:2325-1026 https://orbi.uliege.be/handle/2268/312351 info:hdl:2268/312351 https://orbi.uliege.be/bitstream/2268/312351/1/elementa.2022.00102.pdf doi:10.1525/elementa.2022.00102 scopus-id:2-s2.0-85168997135 |
op_rights |
open access http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1525/elementa.2022.00102 |
container_title |
Elem Sci Anth |
container_volume |
11 |
container_issue |
1 |
_version_ |
1796938201720422400 |