New specimens of Plio-pleistocene odobenines from the north sea give new insight on the past diversity of the genus ontocetus
peer reviewed The walrus (Odobenus rosmarus) is one of the most iconic mammal of the Arctic, significantly differing from all other pinnipeds by its size and prominent tusks. The walrus is the only extant member of the family Odobenidae although this family had one of the highest diversity in the fo...
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ftorbi:oai:orbi.ulg.ac.be:2268/311467 2024-10-20T14:07:30+00:00 New specimens of Plio-pleistocene odobenines from the north sea give new insight on the past diversity of the genus ontocetus Boisville, Mathieu Chatar, Narimane Kohno, Naoki 2023-10-30 https://orbi.uliege.be/handle/2268/311467 en eng https://orbi.uliege.be/handle/2268/311467 info:hdl:2268/311467 83rd annual meeting of the Society of Vertebrate Paleontology, Cincinnati, United States [US], October 18 – 21, 2023 Life sciences Zoology Physical chemical mathematical & earth Sciences Sciences du vivant Zoologie Physique chimie mathématiques & sciences de la terre conference paper not in proceedings http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_18cp info:eu-repo/semantics/conferencePaper peer reviewed 2023 ftorbi 2024-09-27T07:01:35Z peer reviewed The walrus (Odobenus rosmarus) is one of the most iconic mammal of the Arctic, significantly differing from all other pinnipeds by its size and prominent tusks. The walrus is the only extant member of the family Odobenidae although this family had one of the highest diversity in the fossil record within pinnipeds. Phylogenetically, the extant walrus lies in the tribe Odobenini with fossil genera such as Protodobenus, Ontocetus and Valenictus. Odobenids are characterized not only by a significant development of the upper canines and premolariform lower canines, but also an absence of enamel. Odobenines first originated in the North Pacific but some taxa then dispersed in the North Atlantic during the Early Pliocene. Over the past 17 million years, a succession of evolutionary grades have been identified from the earlier enaliarctine taxa to the extant walrus. Ontocetus is the most well-known fossil odobenine thanks to its worldwide distribution. Its oldest occurrence is in the Lower Pliocene of Japan, but it quickly spread out into the North Atlantic Ocean during the Pliocene being notably found in England, Belgium, Netherlands, the east coast of the United States or even in Morocco. Historically, five genera and eight species of Plio-Pleistocene Ontocetus-like walruses were described. The main issue being that the species have been defined on different skeletal elements. However, based on the tusks, all the specimens found in the North Sea have been found to integrate the ontogenetic and sexual variation of Ontocetus emmonsi from the U.S. East Coast. Recent studies using morphometric geometrics have highlighted that other skeletal elements could be used as a proxy to sex or morphotype in such “problematic” walruses. We used 2D geometric morphometrics to quantify morphological differences among Plio-Pleistocene populations, in order to better understand the past diversity of Ontocetus, using a total of 21 specimens, including some new Ontocetus remains from the North Sea and Japan. We identified ... Conference Object Arctic North Atlantic Odobenus rosmarus walrus* University of Liège: ORBi (Open Repository and Bibliography) Arctic Pacific |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of Liège: ORBi (Open Repository and Bibliography) |
op_collection_id |
ftorbi |
language |
English |
topic |
Life sciences Zoology Physical chemical mathematical & earth Sciences Sciences du vivant Zoologie Physique chimie mathématiques & sciences de la terre |
spellingShingle |
Life sciences Zoology Physical chemical mathematical & earth Sciences Sciences du vivant Zoologie Physique chimie mathématiques & sciences de la terre Boisville, Mathieu Chatar, Narimane Kohno, Naoki New specimens of Plio-pleistocene odobenines from the north sea give new insight on the past diversity of the genus ontocetus |
topic_facet |
Life sciences Zoology Physical chemical mathematical & earth Sciences Sciences du vivant Zoologie Physique chimie mathématiques & sciences de la terre |
description |
peer reviewed The walrus (Odobenus rosmarus) is one of the most iconic mammal of the Arctic, significantly differing from all other pinnipeds by its size and prominent tusks. The walrus is the only extant member of the family Odobenidae although this family had one of the highest diversity in the fossil record within pinnipeds. Phylogenetically, the extant walrus lies in the tribe Odobenini with fossil genera such as Protodobenus, Ontocetus and Valenictus. Odobenids are characterized not only by a significant development of the upper canines and premolariform lower canines, but also an absence of enamel. Odobenines first originated in the North Pacific but some taxa then dispersed in the North Atlantic during the Early Pliocene. Over the past 17 million years, a succession of evolutionary grades have been identified from the earlier enaliarctine taxa to the extant walrus. Ontocetus is the most well-known fossil odobenine thanks to its worldwide distribution. Its oldest occurrence is in the Lower Pliocene of Japan, but it quickly spread out into the North Atlantic Ocean during the Pliocene being notably found in England, Belgium, Netherlands, the east coast of the United States or even in Morocco. Historically, five genera and eight species of Plio-Pleistocene Ontocetus-like walruses were described. The main issue being that the species have been defined on different skeletal elements. However, based on the tusks, all the specimens found in the North Sea have been found to integrate the ontogenetic and sexual variation of Ontocetus emmonsi from the U.S. East Coast. Recent studies using morphometric geometrics have highlighted that other skeletal elements could be used as a proxy to sex or morphotype in such “problematic” walruses. We used 2D geometric morphometrics to quantify morphological differences among Plio-Pleistocene populations, in order to better understand the past diversity of Ontocetus, using a total of 21 specimens, including some new Ontocetus remains from the North Sea and Japan. We identified ... |
format |
Conference Object |
author |
Boisville, Mathieu Chatar, Narimane Kohno, Naoki |
author_facet |
Boisville, Mathieu Chatar, Narimane Kohno, Naoki |
author_sort |
Boisville, Mathieu |
title |
New specimens of Plio-pleistocene odobenines from the north sea give new insight on the past diversity of the genus ontocetus |
title_short |
New specimens of Plio-pleistocene odobenines from the north sea give new insight on the past diversity of the genus ontocetus |
title_full |
New specimens of Plio-pleistocene odobenines from the north sea give new insight on the past diversity of the genus ontocetus |
title_fullStr |
New specimens of Plio-pleistocene odobenines from the north sea give new insight on the past diversity of the genus ontocetus |
title_full_unstemmed |
New specimens of Plio-pleistocene odobenines from the north sea give new insight on the past diversity of the genus ontocetus |
title_sort |
new specimens of plio-pleistocene odobenines from the north sea give new insight on the past diversity of the genus ontocetus |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
https://orbi.uliege.be/handle/2268/311467 |
geographic |
Arctic Pacific |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Pacific |
genre |
Arctic North Atlantic Odobenus rosmarus walrus* |
genre_facet |
Arctic North Atlantic Odobenus rosmarus walrus* |
op_source |
83rd annual meeting of the Society of Vertebrate Paleontology, Cincinnati, United States [US], October 18 – 21, 2023 |
op_relation |
https://orbi.uliege.be/handle/2268/311467 info:hdl:2268/311467 |
_version_ |
1813446410558767104 |