Greenland ice sheet rainfall climatology, extremes and atmospheric river rapids
peer reviewed Greenland rainfall has come into focus as a climate change indicator and from a variety of emerging cryospheric impacts. This study first evaluates rainfall in five state-of-the-art numerical prediction systems (NPSs) (CARRA, ERA5, NHM-SMAP, RACMO, MAR) using in situ rainfall data from...
Published in: | Meteorological Applications |
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Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
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Wiley
2023
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Online Access: | https://orbi.uliege.be/handle/2268/305152 https://orbi.uliege.be/bitstream/2268/305152/1/Meteorological%20Applications%20-%202023%20-%20Box%20-%20Greenland%20ice%20sheet%20rainfall%20climatology%20%20extremes%20and%20atmospheric%20river%20rapids.pdf https://doi.org/10.1002/met.2134 |
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ftorbi:oai:orbi.ulg.ac.be:2268/305152 2024-04-21T08:00:13+00:00 Greenland ice sheet rainfall climatology, extremes and atmospheric river rapids Box, Jason E. Nielsen, Kristian P. Yang, Xiaohua Niwano, Masashi Wehrlé, Adrien van As, Dirk Fettweis, Xavier Køltzow, Morten A. Ø. Palmason, Bolli Fausto, Robert S. van den Broeke, Michiel R. Huai, Baojuan Ahlstrøm, Andreas P. Langley, Kirsty Dachauer, Armin Noël, Brice SPHERES - ULiège 2023-07 https://orbi.uliege.be/handle/2268/305152 https://orbi.uliege.be/bitstream/2268/305152/1/Meteorological%20Applications%20-%202023%20-%20Box%20-%20Greenland%20ice%20sheet%20rainfall%20climatology%20%20extremes%20and%20atmospheric%20river%20rapids.pdf https://doi.org/10.1002/met.2134 en eng Wiley https://rmets.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/met.2134 urn:issn:1350-4827 urn:issn:1469-8080 https://orbi.uliege.be/handle/2268/305152 info:hdl:2268/305152 https://orbi.uliege.be/bitstream/2268/305152/1/Meteorological%20Applications%20-%202023%20-%20Box%20-%20Greenland%20ice%20sheet%20rainfall%20climatology%20%20extremes%20and%20atmospheric%20river%20rapids.pdf doi:10.1002/met.2134 scopus-id:2-s2.0-85165456792 open access http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Meteorological Applications, 30 (4) (2023-07) Atmospheric Science Physical chemical mathematical & earth Sciences Earth sciences & physical geography Physique chimie mathématiques & sciences de la terre Sciences de la terre & géographie physique journal article http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501 info:eu-repo/semantics/article peer reviewed 2023 ftorbi https://doi.org/10.1002/met.2134 2024-03-27T14:58:30Z peer reviewed Greenland rainfall has come into focus as a climate change indicator and from a variety of emerging cryospheric impacts. This study first evaluates rainfall in five state-of-the-art numerical prediction systems (NPSs) (CARRA, ERA5, NHM-SMAP, RACMO, MAR) using in situ rainfall data from two regions spanning from land onto the ice sheet. The new EU Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) Arctic Regional ReAnalysis (CARRA), with a relatively fine (2.5 km) horizontal grid spacing and extensive within-model-domain observational initialization, has the lowest average bias and highest explained variance relative to the field data. ERA5 inland wet bias versus CARRA is consistent with the field data and other research and is presumably due to more ERA5 topographic smoothing. A CARRA climatology 1991–2021 has rainfall increasing by more than one-third for the ice sheet and its peripheral ice masses. CARRA and in situ data illuminate extreme (above 300 mm per day) local rainfall episodes. A detailed examination CARRA data reveals the interplay of mass conservation that splits flow around southern Greenland and condensational buoyancy generation that maintains along-flow updraft ‘rapids’ 2 km above sea level, which produce rain bands within an atmospheric river interacting with Greenland. CARRA resolves gravity wave oscillations that initiate as a result of buoyancy offshore, which then amplify from terrain-forced uplift. In a detailed case study, CARRA resolves orographic intensification of rainfall by up to a factor of four, which is consistent with the field data. Article in Journal/Newspaper Climate change Greenland Ice Sheet University of Liège: ORBi (Open Repository and Bibliography) Meteorological Applications 30 4 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of Liège: ORBi (Open Repository and Bibliography) |
op_collection_id |
ftorbi |
language |
English |
topic |
Atmospheric Science Physical chemical mathematical & earth Sciences Earth sciences & physical geography Physique chimie mathématiques & sciences de la terre Sciences de la terre & géographie physique |
spellingShingle |
Atmospheric Science Physical chemical mathematical & earth Sciences Earth sciences & physical geography Physique chimie mathématiques & sciences de la terre Sciences de la terre & géographie physique Box, Jason E. Nielsen, Kristian P. Yang, Xiaohua Niwano, Masashi Wehrlé, Adrien van As, Dirk Fettweis, Xavier Køltzow, Morten A. Ø. Palmason, Bolli Fausto, Robert S. van den Broeke, Michiel R. Huai, Baojuan Ahlstrøm, Andreas P. Langley, Kirsty Dachauer, Armin Noël, Brice Greenland ice sheet rainfall climatology, extremes and atmospheric river rapids |
topic_facet |
Atmospheric Science Physical chemical mathematical & earth Sciences Earth sciences & physical geography Physique chimie mathématiques & sciences de la terre Sciences de la terre & géographie physique |
description |
peer reviewed Greenland rainfall has come into focus as a climate change indicator and from a variety of emerging cryospheric impacts. This study first evaluates rainfall in five state-of-the-art numerical prediction systems (NPSs) (CARRA, ERA5, NHM-SMAP, RACMO, MAR) using in situ rainfall data from two regions spanning from land onto the ice sheet. The new EU Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) Arctic Regional ReAnalysis (CARRA), with a relatively fine (2.5 km) horizontal grid spacing and extensive within-model-domain observational initialization, has the lowest average bias and highest explained variance relative to the field data. ERA5 inland wet bias versus CARRA is consistent with the field data and other research and is presumably due to more ERA5 topographic smoothing. A CARRA climatology 1991–2021 has rainfall increasing by more than one-third for the ice sheet and its peripheral ice masses. CARRA and in situ data illuminate extreme (above 300 mm per day) local rainfall episodes. A detailed examination CARRA data reveals the interplay of mass conservation that splits flow around southern Greenland and condensational buoyancy generation that maintains along-flow updraft ‘rapids’ 2 km above sea level, which produce rain bands within an atmospheric river interacting with Greenland. CARRA resolves gravity wave oscillations that initiate as a result of buoyancy offshore, which then amplify from terrain-forced uplift. In a detailed case study, CARRA resolves orographic intensification of rainfall by up to a factor of four, which is consistent with the field data. |
author2 |
SPHERES - ULiège |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Box, Jason E. Nielsen, Kristian P. Yang, Xiaohua Niwano, Masashi Wehrlé, Adrien van As, Dirk Fettweis, Xavier Køltzow, Morten A. Ø. Palmason, Bolli Fausto, Robert S. van den Broeke, Michiel R. Huai, Baojuan Ahlstrøm, Andreas P. Langley, Kirsty Dachauer, Armin Noël, Brice |
author_facet |
Box, Jason E. Nielsen, Kristian P. Yang, Xiaohua Niwano, Masashi Wehrlé, Adrien van As, Dirk Fettweis, Xavier Køltzow, Morten A. Ø. Palmason, Bolli Fausto, Robert S. van den Broeke, Michiel R. Huai, Baojuan Ahlstrøm, Andreas P. Langley, Kirsty Dachauer, Armin Noël, Brice |
author_sort |
Box, Jason E. |
title |
Greenland ice sheet rainfall climatology, extremes and atmospheric river rapids |
title_short |
Greenland ice sheet rainfall climatology, extremes and atmospheric river rapids |
title_full |
Greenland ice sheet rainfall climatology, extremes and atmospheric river rapids |
title_fullStr |
Greenland ice sheet rainfall climatology, extremes and atmospheric river rapids |
title_full_unstemmed |
Greenland ice sheet rainfall climatology, extremes and atmospheric river rapids |
title_sort |
greenland ice sheet rainfall climatology, extremes and atmospheric river rapids |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
https://orbi.uliege.be/handle/2268/305152 https://orbi.uliege.be/bitstream/2268/305152/1/Meteorological%20Applications%20-%202023%20-%20Box%20-%20Greenland%20ice%20sheet%20rainfall%20climatology%20%20extremes%20and%20atmospheric%20river%20rapids.pdf https://doi.org/10.1002/met.2134 |
genre |
Climate change Greenland Ice Sheet |
genre_facet |
Climate change Greenland Ice Sheet |
op_source |
Meteorological Applications, 30 (4) (2023-07) |
op_relation |
https://rmets.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/met.2134 urn:issn:1350-4827 urn:issn:1469-8080 https://orbi.uliege.be/handle/2268/305152 info:hdl:2268/305152 https://orbi.uliege.be/bitstream/2268/305152/1/Meteorological%20Applications%20-%202023%20-%20Box%20-%20Greenland%20ice%20sheet%20rainfall%20climatology%20%20extremes%20and%20atmospheric%20river%20rapids.pdf doi:10.1002/met.2134 scopus-id:2-s2.0-85165456792 |
op_rights |
open access http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/met.2134 |
container_title |
Meteorological Applications |
container_volume |
30 |
container_issue |
4 |
_version_ |
1796940750433288192 |