id ftorbi:oai:orbi.ulg.ac.be:2268/302220
record_format openpolar
spelling ftorbi:oai:orbi.ulg.ac.be:2268/302220 2024-04-21T07:55:54+00:00 Light Under Arctic Sea Ice in Observations and Earth System Models Lebrun, Marion Vancoppenolle, Martin Madec, Gurvan Babin, Marcel Becu, Guislain Lourenço, Antonio Nomura, Daiki Vivier, Frederic Delille, Bruno FOCUS - Freshwater and OCeanic science Unit of reSearch - ULiège 2023-03 https://orbi.uliege.be/handle/2268/302220 https://orbi.uliege.be/bitstream/2268/302220/1/JGR%20Oceans%20-%202023%20-%20Lebrun%20-%20Light%20Under%20Arctic%20Sea%20Ice%20in%20Observations%20and%20Earth%20System%20Models.pdf https://doi.org/10.1029/2021JC018161 en eng John Wiley and Sons Inc https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1029/2021JC018161 urn:issn:2169-9275 urn:issn:2169-9291 https://orbi.uliege.be/handle/2268/302220 info:hdl:2268/302220 https://orbi.uliege.be/bitstream/2268/302220/1/JGR%20Oceans%20-%202023%20-%20Lebrun%20-%20Light%20Under%20Arctic%20Sea%20Ice%20in%20Observations%20and%20Earth%20System%20Models.pdf doi:10.1029/2021JC018161 scopus-id:2-s2.0-85151078222 open access http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Journal of Geophysical Research. Oceans, 128 (3) (2023-03) modeling optics sea ice Oceanography Geophysics Geochemistry and Petrology Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous) Space and Planetary Science Physical chemical mathematical & earth Sciences Earth sciences & physical geography Physique chimie mathématiques & sciences de la terre Sciences de la terre & géographie physique journal article http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501 info:eu-repo/semantics/article peer reviewed 2023 ftorbi https://doi.org/10.1029/2021JC018161 2024-03-27T14:57:58Z peer reviewed The intensity and spectrum of light under Arctic sea ice, key to the energy budget and primary productivity of the Arctic Ocean, are tedious to observe. Earth System Models (ESMs) are instrumental in understanding the large-scale properties and impacts of under-ice light. To date, however, ESM parameterizations of radiative transfer have been evaluated with a few observations only. From observational programs conducted over the past decade at four locations in the Northern Hemisphere sea ice zone, 349 observational records of under-ice light and coincident environmental characteristics were compiled. This data set was used to evaluate seven ESM parameterizations. Snow depth, melt pond presence and, to some extent, ice thickness explain the observed variance in light intensity, in agreement with previous work. The effects of Chlorophyll-a are also detected, with rather low intensity. The spectral distribution of under-ice light largely differs from typical open ocean spectra but weakly varies among the 349 records except for a weak effect of snow depth on the blue light contribution. Most parameterizations considered reproduce variations in under-ice light intensity. Large errors remain for individual records, on average by a factor of ∼3, however. Skill largely improves if more predictors are considered (snow and ponds in particular). Residual errors are attributed to missing physics in the parametrizations, inconsistencies in the model-observation comparison protocol, and measurement errors. We provide recommendations to improve the representation of light under sea ice in the ice-ocean model NEMO, which may also apply to other ESMs and help improve next-generation ESMs. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Ocean Sea ice University of Liège: ORBi (Open Repository and Bibliography) Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans 128 3
institution Open Polar
collection University of Liège: ORBi (Open Repository and Bibliography)
op_collection_id ftorbi
language English
topic modeling
optics
sea ice
Oceanography
Geophysics
Geochemistry and Petrology
Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous)
Space and Planetary Science
Physical
chemical
mathematical & earth Sciences
Earth sciences & physical geography
Physique
chimie
mathématiques & sciences de la terre
Sciences de la terre & géographie physique
spellingShingle modeling
optics
sea ice
Oceanography
Geophysics
Geochemistry and Petrology
Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous)
Space and Planetary Science
Physical
chemical
mathematical & earth Sciences
Earth sciences & physical geography
Physique
chimie
mathématiques & sciences de la terre
Sciences de la terre & géographie physique
Lebrun, Marion
Vancoppenolle, Martin
Madec, Gurvan
Babin, Marcel
Becu, Guislain
Lourenço, Antonio
Nomura, Daiki
Vivier, Frederic
Delille, Bruno
Light Under Arctic Sea Ice in Observations and Earth System Models
topic_facet modeling
optics
sea ice
Oceanography
Geophysics
Geochemistry and Petrology
Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous)
Space and Planetary Science
Physical
chemical
mathematical & earth Sciences
Earth sciences & physical geography
Physique
chimie
mathématiques & sciences de la terre
Sciences de la terre & géographie physique
description peer reviewed The intensity and spectrum of light under Arctic sea ice, key to the energy budget and primary productivity of the Arctic Ocean, are tedious to observe. Earth System Models (ESMs) are instrumental in understanding the large-scale properties and impacts of under-ice light. To date, however, ESM parameterizations of radiative transfer have been evaluated with a few observations only. From observational programs conducted over the past decade at four locations in the Northern Hemisphere sea ice zone, 349 observational records of under-ice light and coincident environmental characteristics were compiled. This data set was used to evaluate seven ESM parameterizations. Snow depth, melt pond presence and, to some extent, ice thickness explain the observed variance in light intensity, in agreement with previous work. The effects of Chlorophyll-a are also detected, with rather low intensity. The spectral distribution of under-ice light largely differs from typical open ocean spectra but weakly varies among the 349 records except for a weak effect of snow depth on the blue light contribution. Most parameterizations considered reproduce variations in under-ice light intensity. Large errors remain for individual records, on average by a factor of ∼3, however. Skill largely improves if more predictors are considered (snow and ponds in particular). Residual errors are attributed to missing physics in the parametrizations, inconsistencies in the model-observation comparison protocol, and measurement errors. We provide recommendations to improve the representation of light under sea ice in the ice-ocean model NEMO, which may also apply to other ESMs and help improve next-generation ESMs.
author2 FOCUS - Freshwater and OCeanic science Unit of reSearch - ULiège
format Article in Journal/Newspaper
author Lebrun, Marion
Vancoppenolle, Martin
Madec, Gurvan
Babin, Marcel
Becu, Guislain
Lourenço, Antonio
Nomura, Daiki
Vivier, Frederic
Delille, Bruno
author_facet Lebrun, Marion
Vancoppenolle, Martin
Madec, Gurvan
Babin, Marcel
Becu, Guislain
Lourenço, Antonio
Nomura, Daiki
Vivier, Frederic
Delille, Bruno
author_sort Lebrun, Marion
title Light Under Arctic Sea Ice in Observations and Earth System Models
title_short Light Under Arctic Sea Ice in Observations and Earth System Models
title_full Light Under Arctic Sea Ice in Observations and Earth System Models
title_fullStr Light Under Arctic Sea Ice in Observations and Earth System Models
title_full_unstemmed Light Under Arctic Sea Ice in Observations and Earth System Models
title_sort light under arctic sea ice in observations and earth system models
publisher John Wiley and Sons Inc
publishDate 2023
url https://orbi.uliege.be/handle/2268/302220
https://orbi.uliege.be/bitstream/2268/302220/1/JGR%20Oceans%20-%202023%20-%20Lebrun%20-%20Light%20Under%20Arctic%20Sea%20Ice%20in%20Observations%20and%20Earth%20System%20Models.pdf
https://doi.org/10.1029/2021JC018161
genre Arctic Ocean
Sea ice
genre_facet Arctic Ocean
Sea ice
op_source Journal of Geophysical Research. Oceans, 128 (3) (2023-03)
op_relation https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1029/2021JC018161
urn:issn:2169-9275
urn:issn:2169-9291
https://orbi.uliege.be/handle/2268/302220
info:hdl:2268/302220
https://orbi.uliege.be/bitstream/2268/302220/1/JGR%20Oceans%20-%202023%20-%20Lebrun%20-%20Light%20Under%20Arctic%20Sea%20Ice%20in%20Observations%20and%20Earth%20System%20Models.pdf
doi:10.1029/2021JC018161
scopus-id:2-s2.0-85151078222
op_rights open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
op_doi https://doi.org/10.1029/2021JC018161
container_title Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans
container_volume 128
container_issue 3
_version_ 1796938148785160192