Forty-six years of Greenland Ice Sheet mass balance from 1972 to 2018.
peer reviewed We reconstruct the mass balance of the Greenland Ice Sheet using a comprehensive survey of thickness, surface elevation, velocity, and surface mass balance (SMB) of 260 glaciers from 1972 to 2018. We calculate mass discharge, D, into the ocean directly for 107 glaciers (85% of D) and i...
Published in: | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
National Academy of Sciences
2019
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://orbi.uliege.be/handle/2268/301925 https://orbi.uliege.be/bitstream/2268/301925/1/Mouginot_PNAS_2019.pdf https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1904242116 |
id |
ftorbi:oai:orbi.ulg.ac.be:2268/301925 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftorbi:oai:orbi.ulg.ac.be:2268/301925 2024-04-21T08:02:28+00:00 Forty-six years of Greenland Ice Sheet mass balance from 1972 to 2018. Mouginot, Jérémie Rignot, Eric Bjørk, Anders A van den Broeke, Michiel Millan, Romain Morlighem, Mathieu Noël, Brice Scheuchl, Bernd Wood, Michael 2019-05-07 https://orbi.uliege.be/handle/2268/301925 https://orbi.uliege.be/bitstream/2268/301925/1/Mouginot_PNAS_2019.pdf https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1904242116 en eng National Academy of Sciences http://www.pnas.org/syndication/doi/10.1073/pnas.1904242116 urn:issn:0027-8424 urn:issn:1091-6490 https://orbi.uliege.be/handle/2268/301925 info:hdl:2268/301925 https://orbi.uliege.be/bitstream/2268/301925/1/Mouginot_PNAS_2019.pdf doi:10.1073/pnas.1904242116 scopus-id:2-s2.0-85065608167 info:pmid:31010924 open access http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 116 (19), 9239 - 9244 (2019-05-07) Greenland climate change glaciers glaciology sea level Multidisciplinary Physical chemical mathematical & earth Sciences Earth sciences & physical geography Physique chimie mathématiques & sciences de la terre Sciences de la terre & géographie physique journal article http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501 info:eu-repo/semantics/article peer reviewed 2019 ftorbi https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1904242116 2024-03-27T14:57:53Z peer reviewed We reconstruct the mass balance of the Greenland Ice Sheet using a comprehensive survey of thickness, surface elevation, velocity, and surface mass balance (SMB) of 260 glaciers from 1972 to 2018. We calculate mass discharge, D, into the ocean directly for 107 glaciers (85% of D) and indirectly for 110 glaciers (15%) using velocity-scaled reference fluxes. The decadal mass balance switched from a mass gain of +47 ± 21 Gt/y in 1972-1980 to a loss of 51 ± 17 Gt/y in 1980-1990. The mass loss increased from 41 ± 17 Gt/y in 1990-2000, to 187 ± 17 Gt/y in 2000-2010, to 286 ± 20 Gt/y in 2010-2018, or sixfold since the 1980s, or 80 ± 6 Gt/y per decade, on average. The acceleration in mass loss switched from positive in 2000-2010 to negative in 2010-2018 due to a series of cold summers, which illustrates the difficulty of extrapolating short records into longer-term trends. Cumulated since 1972, the largest contributions to global sea level rise are from northwest (4.4 ± 0.2 mm), southeast (3.0 ± 0.3 mm), and central west (2.0 ± 0.2 mm) Greenland, with a total 13.7 ± 1.1 mm for the ice sheet. The mass loss is controlled at 66 ± 8% by glacier dynamics (9.1 mm) and 34 ± 8% by SMB (4.6 mm). Even in years of high SMB, enhanced glacier discharge has remained sufficiently high above equilibrium to maintain an annual mass loss every year since 1998. Article in Journal/Newspaper glacier Greenland Ice Sheet University of Liège: ORBi (Open Repository and Bibliography) Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116 19 9239 9244 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of Liège: ORBi (Open Repository and Bibliography) |
op_collection_id |
ftorbi |
language |
English |
topic |
Greenland climate change glaciers glaciology sea level Multidisciplinary Physical chemical mathematical & earth Sciences Earth sciences & physical geography Physique chimie mathématiques & sciences de la terre Sciences de la terre & géographie physique |
spellingShingle |
Greenland climate change glaciers glaciology sea level Multidisciplinary Physical chemical mathematical & earth Sciences Earth sciences & physical geography Physique chimie mathématiques & sciences de la terre Sciences de la terre & géographie physique Mouginot, Jérémie Rignot, Eric Bjørk, Anders A van den Broeke, Michiel Millan, Romain Morlighem, Mathieu Noël, Brice Scheuchl, Bernd Wood, Michael Forty-six years of Greenland Ice Sheet mass balance from 1972 to 2018. |
topic_facet |
Greenland climate change glaciers glaciology sea level Multidisciplinary Physical chemical mathematical & earth Sciences Earth sciences & physical geography Physique chimie mathématiques & sciences de la terre Sciences de la terre & géographie physique |
description |
peer reviewed We reconstruct the mass balance of the Greenland Ice Sheet using a comprehensive survey of thickness, surface elevation, velocity, and surface mass balance (SMB) of 260 glaciers from 1972 to 2018. We calculate mass discharge, D, into the ocean directly for 107 glaciers (85% of D) and indirectly for 110 glaciers (15%) using velocity-scaled reference fluxes. The decadal mass balance switched from a mass gain of +47 ± 21 Gt/y in 1972-1980 to a loss of 51 ± 17 Gt/y in 1980-1990. The mass loss increased from 41 ± 17 Gt/y in 1990-2000, to 187 ± 17 Gt/y in 2000-2010, to 286 ± 20 Gt/y in 2010-2018, or sixfold since the 1980s, or 80 ± 6 Gt/y per decade, on average. The acceleration in mass loss switched from positive in 2000-2010 to negative in 2010-2018 due to a series of cold summers, which illustrates the difficulty of extrapolating short records into longer-term trends. Cumulated since 1972, the largest contributions to global sea level rise are from northwest (4.4 ± 0.2 mm), southeast (3.0 ± 0.3 mm), and central west (2.0 ± 0.2 mm) Greenland, with a total 13.7 ± 1.1 mm for the ice sheet. The mass loss is controlled at 66 ± 8% by glacier dynamics (9.1 mm) and 34 ± 8% by SMB (4.6 mm). Even in years of high SMB, enhanced glacier discharge has remained sufficiently high above equilibrium to maintain an annual mass loss every year since 1998. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Mouginot, Jérémie Rignot, Eric Bjørk, Anders A van den Broeke, Michiel Millan, Romain Morlighem, Mathieu Noël, Brice Scheuchl, Bernd Wood, Michael |
author_facet |
Mouginot, Jérémie Rignot, Eric Bjørk, Anders A van den Broeke, Michiel Millan, Romain Morlighem, Mathieu Noël, Brice Scheuchl, Bernd Wood, Michael |
author_sort |
Mouginot, Jérémie |
title |
Forty-six years of Greenland Ice Sheet mass balance from 1972 to 2018. |
title_short |
Forty-six years of Greenland Ice Sheet mass balance from 1972 to 2018. |
title_full |
Forty-six years of Greenland Ice Sheet mass balance from 1972 to 2018. |
title_fullStr |
Forty-six years of Greenland Ice Sheet mass balance from 1972 to 2018. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Forty-six years of Greenland Ice Sheet mass balance from 1972 to 2018. |
title_sort |
forty-six years of greenland ice sheet mass balance from 1972 to 2018. |
publisher |
National Academy of Sciences |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
https://orbi.uliege.be/handle/2268/301925 https://orbi.uliege.be/bitstream/2268/301925/1/Mouginot_PNAS_2019.pdf https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1904242116 |
genre |
glacier Greenland Ice Sheet |
genre_facet |
glacier Greenland Ice Sheet |
op_source |
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 116 (19), 9239 - 9244 (2019-05-07) |
op_relation |
http://www.pnas.org/syndication/doi/10.1073/pnas.1904242116 urn:issn:0027-8424 urn:issn:1091-6490 https://orbi.uliege.be/handle/2268/301925 info:hdl:2268/301925 https://orbi.uliege.be/bitstream/2268/301925/1/Mouginot_PNAS_2019.pdf doi:10.1073/pnas.1904242116 scopus-id:2-s2.0-85065608167 info:pmid:31010924 |
op_rights |
open access http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1904242116 |
container_title |
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences |
container_volume |
116 |
container_issue |
19 |
container_start_page |
9239 |
op_container_end_page |
9244 |
_version_ |
1796942655915032576 |