Air-ice carbon pathways inferred from a sea ice tank experiment
peer reviewed Air-ice CO2 fluxes were measured continuously using automated chambers from the initial freezing of a sea ice cover until its decay. Cooling seawater prior to sea ice formation acted as a sink for atmospheric CO2, but as soon as the first ice crystals started to form, sea ice turned to...
Published in: | Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene |
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Online Access: | https://orbi.uliege.be/handle/2268/198249 https://orbi.uliege.be/bitstream/2268/198249/1/journal.elementa.000112.pdf https://doi.org/10.12952/journal.elementa.000112 |
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ftorbi:oai:orbi.ulg.ac.be:2268/198249 2024-04-21T08:11:07+00:00 Air-ice carbon pathways inferred from a sea ice tank experiment Les transports glace-air de carbone observés lors d'une expérience sur de la glace de mer artificielle. Kotovitch, Marie Moreau, Sébastien Zhou, Jiayun Vancoppenolle, Martin Dieckmann, Gerhard S. Evers, Karl-Ulrich Van Der Linden, Fanny Thomas, David N. Tison, Jean-Louis Delille, Bruno FOCUS - Freshwater and OCeanic science Unit of reSearch - ULiège 2016-06 https://orbi.uliege.be/handle/2268/198249 https://orbi.uliege.be/bitstream/2268/198249/1/journal.elementa.000112.pdf https://doi.org/10.12952/journal.elementa.000112 en eng BioOne urn:issn:2325-1026 https://orbi.uliege.be/handle/2268/198249 info:hdl:2268/198249 https://orbi.uliege.be/bitstream/2268/198249/1/journal.elementa.000112.pdf doi:10.12952/journal.elementa.000112 scopus-id:2-s2.0-84986296831 open access http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene (2016-06) sea ice CO2 flux bubble Life sciences Aquatic sciences & oceanology Sciences du vivant Sciences aquatiques & océanologie journal article http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501 info:eu-repo/semantics/article peer reviewed 2016 ftorbi https://doi.org/10.12952/journal.elementa.000112 2024-03-27T14:59:50Z peer reviewed Air-ice CO2 fluxes were measured continuously using automated chambers from the initial freezing of a sea ice cover until its decay. Cooling seawater prior to sea ice formation acted as a sink for atmospheric CO2, but as soon as the first ice crystals started to form, sea ice turned to a source of CO2, which lasted throughout the whole ice growth phase. Once ice decay was initiated by warming the atmosphere, the sea ice shifted back again to a sink of CO2. Direct measurements of outward ice-atmosphere CO2 fluxes were consistent with the depletion of dissolved inorganic carbon in the upper half of sea ice. Combining measured air-ice CO2 fluxes with the partial pressure of CO2 in sea ice, we determined strongly different gas transfer coefficients of CO2 at the air-ice interface between the growth and the decay phases (from 2.5 to 0.4 mol m−2 d−1 atm−1). A 1D sea ice carbon cycle model including gas physics and carbon biogeochemistry was used in various configurations in order to interpret the observations. All model simulations correctly predicted the sign of the air-ice flux. By contrast, the amplitude of the flux was much more variable between the different simulations. In none of the simulations was the dissolved gas pathway strong enough to explain the large fluxes during ice growth. This pathway weakness is due to an intrinsic limitation of ice-air fluxes of dissolved CO2 by the slow transport of dissolved inorganic carbon in the ice. The best means we found to explain the high air-ice carbon fluxes during ice growth is an intense yet uncertain gas bubble efflux, requiring sufficient bubble nucleation and upwards rise. We therefore call for further investigation of gas bubble nucleation and transport in sea ice. Article in Journal/Newspaper Sea ice University of Liège: ORBi (Open Repository and Bibliography) Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene 4 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of Liège: ORBi (Open Repository and Bibliography) |
op_collection_id |
ftorbi |
language |
English |
topic |
sea ice CO2 flux bubble Life sciences Aquatic sciences & oceanology Sciences du vivant Sciences aquatiques & océanologie |
spellingShingle |
sea ice CO2 flux bubble Life sciences Aquatic sciences & oceanology Sciences du vivant Sciences aquatiques & océanologie Kotovitch, Marie Moreau, Sébastien Zhou, Jiayun Vancoppenolle, Martin Dieckmann, Gerhard S. Evers, Karl-Ulrich Van Der Linden, Fanny Thomas, David N. Tison, Jean-Louis Delille, Bruno Air-ice carbon pathways inferred from a sea ice tank experiment |
topic_facet |
sea ice CO2 flux bubble Life sciences Aquatic sciences & oceanology Sciences du vivant Sciences aquatiques & océanologie |
description |
peer reviewed Air-ice CO2 fluxes were measured continuously using automated chambers from the initial freezing of a sea ice cover until its decay. Cooling seawater prior to sea ice formation acted as a sink for atmospheric CO2, but as soon as the first ice crystals started to form, sea ice turned to a source of CO2, which lasted throughout the whole ice growth phase. Once ice decay was initiated by warming the atmosphere, the sea ice shifted back again to a sink of CO2. Direct measurements of outward ice-atmosphere CO2 fluxes were consistent with the depletion of dissolved inorganic carbon in the upper half of sea ice. Combining measured air-ice CO2 fluxes with the partial pressure of CO2 in sea ice, we determined strongly different gas transfer coefficients of CO2 at the air-ice interface between the growth and the decay phases (from 2.5 to 0.4 mol m−2 d−1 atm−1). A 1D sea ice carbon cycle model including gas physics and carbon biogeochemistry was used in various configurations in order to interpret the observations. All model simulations correctly predicted the sign of the air-ice flux. By contrast, the amplitude of the flux was much more variable between the different simulations. In none of the simulations was the dissolved gas pathway strong enough to explain the large fluxes during ice growth. This pathway weakness is due to an intrinsic limitation of ice-air fluxes of dissolved CO2 by the slow transport of dissolved inorganic carbon in the ice. The best means we found to explain the high air-ice carbon fluxes during ice growth is an intense yet uncertain gas bubble efflux, requiring sufficient bubble nucleation and upwards rise. We therefore call for further investigation of gas bubble nucleation and transport in sea ice. |
author2 |
FOCUS - Freshwater and OCeanic science Unit of reSearch - ULiège |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Kotovitch, Marie Moreau, Sébastien Zhou, Jiayun Vancoppenolle, Martin Dieckmann, Gerhard S. Evers, Karl-Ulrich Van Der Linden, Fanny Thomas, David N. Tison, Jean-Louis Delille, Bruno |
author_facet |
Kotovitch, Marie Moreau, Sébastien Zhou, Jiayun Vancoppenolle, Martin Dieckmann, Gerhard S. Evers, Karl-Ulrich Van Der Linden, Fanny Thomas, David N. Tison, Jean-Louis Delille, Bruno |
author_sort |
Kotovitch, Marie |
title |
Air-ice carbon pathways inferred from a sea ice tank experiment |
title_short |
Air-ice carbon pathways inferred from a sea ice tank experiment |
title_full |
Air-ice carbon pathways inferred from a sea ice tank experiment |
title_fullStr |
Air-ice carbon pathways inferred from a sea ice tank experiment |
title_full_unstemmed |
Air-ice carbon pathways inferred from a sea ice tank experiment |
title_sort |
air-ice carbon pathways inferred from a sea ice tank experiment |
publisher |
BioOne |
publishDate |
2016 |
url |
https://orbi.uliege.be/handle/2268/198249 https://orbi.uliege.be/bitstream/2268/198249/1/journal.elementa.000112.pdf https://doi.org/10.12952/journal.elementa.000112 |
genre |
Sea ice |
genre_facet |
Sea ice |
op_source |
Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene (2016-06) |
op_relation |
urn:issn:2325-1026 https://orbi.uliege.be/handle/2268/198249 info:hdl:2268/198249 https://orbi.uliege.be/bitstream/2268/198249/1/journal.elementa.000112.pdf doi:10.12952/journal.elementa.000112 scopus-id:2-s2.0-84986296831 |
op_rights |
open access http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.12952/journal.elementa.000112 |
container_title |
Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene |
container_volume |
4 |
_version_ |
1796952774516146176 |