Plant biodiversity changes in Carboniferous tropical wetlands
peer reviewed Using a combination of species richness, polycohort and constrained cluster analyses, the plant biodiversity of Pennsylvanian (late Carboniferous) tropical wetlands ("coal swamps") has been investigated in five areas in Western Europe and eastern North America: South Wales, P...
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ftorbi:oai:orbi.ulg.ac.be:2268/175996 2024-04-21T07:58:58+00:00 Plant biodiversity changes in Carboniferous tropical wetlands Cleal, Christopher J. Uhl, Dieter Cascales - Miñana, Borja Thomas, Barry A. Bashforth, Arden R. King, Sarah C. Zodrow, Erwin L. 2012 https://orbi.uliege.be/handle/2268/175996 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2012.05.004 en eng Elsevier urn:issn:0012-8252 urn:issn:1872-6828 https://orbi.uliege.be/handle/2268/175996 info:hdl:2268/175996 doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2012.05.004 scopus-id:2-s2.0-84864824677 restricted access http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_16ec info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess Earth-Science Reviews, 114 (1-2), 124-155 (2012) Palaeoclimates Palaeoecology Palaeotropical Pennsylvanian Vegetation Canada Cape Breton Island England Germany North Rhine-Westphalia Nova Scotia Pennines Ruhr Saarland South Wales Sydney [Cape Breton Island] United Kingdom Wales Life sciences Phytobiology (plant sciences forestry mycology.) Sciences du vivant Biologie végétale (sciences végétales sylviculture mycologie.) journal article http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501 info:eu-repo/semantics/article peer reviewed 2012 ftorbi https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2012.05.004 2024-03-27T14:59:32Z peer reviewed Using a combination of species richness, polycohort and constrained cluster analyses, the plant biodiversity of Pennsylvanian (late Carboniferous) tropical wetlands ("coal swamps") has been investigated in five areas in Western Europe and eastern North America: South Wales, Pennines, Ruhr, Saarland and Sydney coal basins. In all cases, species richness expansion followed an essentially logistic curve typical of that associated with ecologically closed habitats, with niche saturation being achieved in about three million years. The resulting steady-state ("climax") coal swamp vegetation had a local-scale (within an area of c. 0.1ha) species diversity in South Wales of 16±7 and Simpson Diversity Indices of 4.53±2.55, which are very similar to values obtained from studies on North American coal swamp vegetation. Landscape diversity (within an area 105km2) varied between 50 and 100 species in the lower to middle Westphalian Stage, falling to about 40-50 species in the upper Westphalian Stage. Regional-scale diversity (within an area>105km2) is difficult to estimate but was at least 120 species. Species turn-over was typically very low, at about 4 species per million years, but there were a number of intervals of more rapid species turn-over in the early Langsettian, late Duckmantian, early Bolsovian and middle Asturian times, which are recognised today as biozonal boundaries. The swamps were mostly subject to ecological stasis during early and middle Westphalian times, although they contracted locally in response to drying of substrates. Later in Westphalian times, however, the swamps were subject to regional-scale changes in composition and aerial extent, probably in response to climate change. The coal swamps had a much lower species diversity compared to modern-day tropical rain forests. © 2012 Elsevier B.V. Article in Journal/Newspaper Breton Island University of Liège: ORBi (Open Repository and Bibliography) Earth-Science Reviews 114 1-2 124 155 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of Liège: ORBi (Open Repository and Bibliography) |
op_collection_id |
ftorbi |
language |
English |
topic |
Palaeoclimates Palaeoecology Palaeotropical Pennsylvanian Vegetation Canada Cape Breton Island England Germany North Rhine-Westphalia Nova Scotia Pennines Ruhr Saarland South Wales Sydney [Cape Breton Island] United Kingdom Wales Life sciences Phytobiology (plant sciences forestry mycology.) Sciences du vivant Biologie végétale (sciences végétales sylviculture mycologie.) |
spellingShingle |
Palaeoclimates Palaeoecology Palaeotropical Pennsylvanian Vegetation Canada Cape Breton Island England Germany North Rhine-Westphalia Nova Scotia Pennines Ruhr Saarland South Wales Sydney [Cape Breton Island] United Kingdom Wales Life sciences Phytobiology (plant sciences forestry mycology.) Sciences du vivant Biologie végétale (sciences végétales sylviculture mycologie.) Cleal, Christopher J. Uhl, Dieter Cascales - Miñana, Borja Thomas, Barry A. Bashforth, Arden R. King, Sarah C. Zodrow, Erwin L. Plant biodiversity changes in Carboniferous tropical wetlands |
topic_facet |
Palaeoclimates Palaeoecology Palaeotropical Pennsylvanian Vegetation Canada Cape Breton Island England Germany North Rhine-Westphalia Nova Scotia Pennines Ruhr Saarland South Wales Sydney [Cape Breton Island] United Kingdom Wales Life sciences Phytobiology (plant sciences forestry mycology.) Sciences du vivant Biologie végétale (sciences végétales sylviculture mycologie.) |
description |
peer reviewed Using a combination of species richness, polycohort and constrained cluster analyses, the plant biodiversity of Pennsylvanian (late Carboniferous) tropical wetlands ("coal swamps") has been investigated in five areas in Western Europe and eastern North America: South Wales, Pennines, Ruhr, Saarland and Sydney coal basins. In all cases, species richness expansion followed an essentially logistic curve typical of that associated with ecologically closed habitats, with niche saturation being achieved in about three million years. The resulting steady-state ("climax") coal swamp vegetation had a local-scale (within an area of c. 0.1ha) species diversity in South Wales of 16±7 and Simpson Diversity Indices of 4.53±2.55, which are very similar to values obtained from studies on North American coal swamp vegetation. Landscape diversity (within an area 105km2) varied between 50 and 100 species in the lower to middle Westphalian Stage, falling to about 40-50 species in the upper Westphalian Stage. Regional-scale diversity (within an area>105km2) is difficult to estimate but was at least 120 species. Species turn-over was typically very low, at about 4 species per million years, but there were a number of intervals of more rapid species turn-over in the early Langsettian, late Duckmantian, early Bolsovian and middle Asturian times, which are recognised today as biozonal boundaries. The swamps were mostly subject to ecological stasis during early and middle Westphalian times, although they contracted locally in response to drying of substrates. Later in Westphalian times, however, the swamps were subject to regional-scale changes in composition and aerial extent, probably in response to climate change. The coal swamps had a much lower species diversity compared to modern-day tropical rain forests. © 2012 Elsevier B.V. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Cleal, Christopher J. Uhl, Dieter Cascales - Miñana, Borja Thomas, Barry A. Bashforth, Arden R. King, Sarah C. Zodrow, Erwin L. |
author_facet |
Cleal, Christopher J. Uhl, Dieter Cascales - Miñana, Borja Thomas, Barry A. Bashforth, Arden R. King, Sarah C. Zodrow, Erwin L. |
author_sort |
Cleal, Christopher J. |
title |
Plant biodiversity changes in Carboniferous tropical wetlands |
title_short |
Plant biodiversity changes in Carboniferous tropical wetlands |
title_full |
Plant biodiversity changes in Carboniferous tropical wetlands |
title_fullStr |
Plant biodiversity changes in Carboniferous tropical wetlands |
title_full_unstemmed |
Plant biodiversity changes in Carboniferous tropical wetlands |
title_sort |
plant biodiversity changes in carboniferous tropical wetlands |
publisher |
Elsevier |
publishDate |
2012 |
url |
https://orbi.uliege.be/handle/2268/175996 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2012.05.004 |
genre |
Breton Island |
genre_facet |
Breton Island |
op_source |
Earth-Science Reviews, 114 (1-2), 124-155 (2012) |
op_relation |
urn:issn:0012-8252 urn:issn:1872-6828 https://orbi.uliege.be/handle/2268/175996 info:hdl:2268/175996 doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2012.05.004 scopus-id:2-s2.0-84864824677 |
op_rights |
restricted access http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_16ec info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2012.05.004 |
container_title |
Earth-Science Reviews |
container_volume |
114 |
container_issue |
1-2 |
container_start_page |
124 |
op_container_end_page |
155 |
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1796939908542103552 |