Aragonite Undersaturation in the High-Latitude Surface Ocean Within the 21st Century
The surface ocean is everywhere saturated with calcium carbonate (CaCO[SUB]3[/SUB]). Yet increasing atmospheric CO[SUB]2[/SUB] reduces ocean pH and carbonate ion concentration and thus the level of saturation. Here we show with ocean data and models that due to this anthropogenic acidification, some...
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ftorbi:oai:orbi.ulg.ac.be:2268/120224 2024-04-21T08:12:11+00:00 Aragonite Undersaturation in the High-Latitude Surface Ocean Within the 21st Century Orr, J. C. Fabry, Véronique Aumont, O. Bopp, L. Caldeira, K. Wickett, M. E. Doney, S. C. Feely, R. A. Sabine, C. L. Follows, M. Gruber, N. Plattner, G. Ishida, A. Yamanaka, Y. Joos, F. Gnanadesikan, A. Key, R. M. Sarmiento, J. L. Slater, R. D. Lindsay, K. Maier-Reimer, E. Matear, R. Monfray, P. Mouchet, Anne Najjar, R. G. Schlitzer, R. Weirig, M. Yool, A. Totterdell, I. 2004-12 https://orbi.uliege.be/handle/2268/120224 en eng http://esoads.eso.org/abs/2004AGUFMOS24B.08O https://orbi.uliege.be/handle/2268/120224 info:hdl:2268/120224 AGU Fall Meeting, San Francisco, United States [US], 13-17 Dec, 2004 4842 Modeling 4255 Numerical modeling 4263 Ocean prediction 1635 Oceans (4203) Physical chemical mathematical & earth Sciences Earth sciences & physical geography Physique chimie mathématiques & sciences de la terre Sciences de la terre & géographie physique conference paper not in proceedings http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_18cp info:eu-repo/semantics/conferencePaper 2004 ftorbi 2024-03-27T14:44:27Z The surface ocean is everywhere saturated with calcium carbonate (CaCO[SUB]3[/SUB]). Yet increasing atmospheric CO[SUB]2[/SUB] reduces ocean pH and carbonate ion concentration and thus the level of saturation. Here we show with ocean data and models that due to this anthropogenic acidification, some surface waters will become undersaturated within decades. When atmospheric CO[SUB]2[/SUB] reaches 550 ppmv, in year 2050 under the IS92a business-as-usual scenario, Southern Ocean surface waters begin to become undersaturated with respect to aragonite, a metastable form of CaCO[SUB]3[/SUB]. By 2100 as atmospheric CO[SUB]2[/SUB] reaches 788 ppmv, undersaturation extends throughout the entire Southern Ocean (<60[SUP]o[/SUP]S) and into the surbarctic Pacific. Meanwhile, Weddell Sea surface waters also become undersaturated with respect to calcite, the stable form of CaCO[SUB]3[/SUB]. These transient changes are much larger than seasonal, interannual, and decadal variability. They threaten high-latitude aragonite secreting organisms including cold-water corals, which provide essential fish habitat, and shelled pteropods, i.e., zooplankton that serve as an abundant food source for marine predators. Conference Object Southern Ocean Weddell Sea University of Liège: ORBi (Open Repository and Bibliography) |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of Liège: ORBi (Open Repository and Bibliography) |
op_collection_id |
ftorbi |
language |
English |
topic |
4842 Modeling 4255 Numerical modeling 4263 Ocean prediction 1635 Oceans (4203) Physical chemical mathematical & earth Sciences Earth sciences & physical geography Physique chimie mathématiques & sciences de la terre Sciences de la terre & géographie physique |
spellingShingle |
4842 Modeling 4255 Numerical modeling 4263 Ocean prediction 1635 Oceans (4203) Physical chemical mathematical & earth Sciences Earth sciences & physical geography Physique chimie mathématiques & sciences de la terre Sciences de la terre & géographie physique Orr, J. C. Fabry, Véronique Aumont, O. Bopp, L. Caldeira, K. Wickett, M. E. Doney, S. C. Feely, R. A. Sabine, C. L. Follows, M. Gruber, N. Plattner, G. Ishida, A. Yamanaka, Y. Joos, F. Gnanadesikan, A. Key, R. M. Sarmiento, J. L. Slater, R. D. Lindsay, K. Maier-Reimer, E. Matear, R. Monfray, P. Mouchet, Anne Najjar, R. G. Schlitzer, R. Weirig, M. Yool, A. Totterdell, I. Aragonite Undersaturation in the High-Latitude Surface Ocean Within the 21st Century |
topic_facet |
4842 Modeling 4255 Numerical modeling 4263 Ocean prediction 1635 Oceans (4203) Physical chemical mathematical & earth Sciences Earth sciences & physical geography Physique chimie mathématiques & sciences de la terre Sciences de la terre & géographie physique |
description |
The surface ocean is everywhere saturated with calcium carbonate (CaCO[SUB]3[/SUB]). Yet increasing atmospheric CO[SUB]2[/SUB] reduces ocean pH and carbonate ion concentration and thus the level of saturation. Here we show with ocean data and models that due to this anthropogenic acidification, some surface waters will become undersaturated within decades. When atmospheric CO[SUB]2[/SUB] reaches 550 ppmv, in year 2050 under the IS92a business-as-usual scenario, Southern Ocean surface waters begin to become undersaturated with respect to aragonite, a metastable form of CaCO[SUB]3[/SUB]. By 2100 as atmospheric CO[SUB]2[/SUB] reaches 788 ppmv, undersaturation extends throughout the entire Southern Ocean (<60[SUP]o[/SUP]S) and into the surbarctic Pacific. Meanwhile, Weddell Sea surface waters also become undersaturated with respect to calcite, the stable form of CaCO[SUB]3[/SUB]. These transient changes are much larger than seasonal, interannual, and decadal variability. They threaten high-latitude aragonite secreting organisms including cold-water corals, which provide essential fish habitat, and shelled pteropods, i.e., zooplankton that serve as an abundant food source for marine predators. |
format |
Conference Object |
author |
Orr, J. C. Fabry, Véronique Aumont, O. Bopp, L. Caldeira, K. Wickett, M. E. Doney, S. C. Feely, R. A. Sabine, C. L. Follows, M. Gruber, N. Plattner, G. Ishida, A. Yamanaka, Y. Joos, F. Gnanadesikan, A. Key, R. M. Sarmiento, J. L. Slater, R. D. Lindsay, K. Maier-Reimer, E. Matear, R. Monfray, P. Mouchet, Anne Najjar, R. G. Schlitzer, R. Weirig, M. Yool, A. Totterdell, I. |
author_facet |
Orr, J. C. Fabry, Véronique Aumont, O. Bopp, L. Caldeira, K. Wickett, M. E. Doney, S. C. Feely, R. A. Sabine, C. L. Follows, M. Gruber, N. Plattner, G. Ishida, A. Yamanaka, Y. Joos, F. Gnanadesikan, A. Key, R. M. Sarmiento, J. L. Slater, R. D. Lindsay, K. Maier-Reimer, E. Matear, R. Monfray, P. Mouchet, Anne Najjar, R. G. Schlitzer, R. Weirig, M. Yool, A. Totterdell, I. |
author_sort |
Orr, J. C. |
title |
Aragonite Undersaturation in the High-Latitude Surface Ocean Within the 21st Century |
title_short |
Aragonite Undersaturation in the High-Latitude Surface Ocean Within the 21st Century |
title_full |
Aragonite Undersaturation in the High-Latitude Surface Ocean Within the 21st Century |
title_fullStr |
Aragonite Undersaturation in the High-Latitude Surface Ocean Within the 21st Century |
title_full_unstemmed |
Aragonite Undersaturation in the High-Latitude Surface Ocean Within the 21st Century |
title_sort |
aragonite undersaturation in the high-latitude surface ocean within the 21st century |
publishDate |
2004 |
url |
https://orbi.uliege.be/handle/2268/120224 |
genre |
Southern Ocean Weddell Sea |
genre_facet |
Southern Ocean Weddell Sea |
op_source |
AGU Fall Meeting, San Francisco, United States [US], 13-17 Dec, 2004 |
op_relation |
http://esoads.eso.org/abs/2004AGUFMOS24B.08O https://orbi.uliege.be/handle/2268/120224 info:hdl:2268/120224 |
_version_ |
1796932160190414848 |