New Insights for Detecting and Deriving Thermal Properties of Lava Flow Using Infrared Satellite during 2014–2015 Effusive Eruption at Holuhraun, Iceland
A new lava field was formed at Holuhraun in the Icelandic Highlands, north of Vatnajökull glacier, in 2014–2015. It was the largest effusive eruption in Iceland for 230 years, with an estimated lava bulk volume of ~1.44 km3 covering an area of ~84 km2. Satellite-based remote sensing is commonly used...
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Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11815/566 https://doi.org/10.3390/rs10010151 |
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ftopinvisindi:oai:opinvisindi.is:20.500.11815/566 2024-09-15T18:07:50+00:00 New Insights for Detecting and Deriving Thermal Properties of Lava Flow Using Infrared Satellite during 2014–2015 Effusive Eruption at Holuhraun, Iceland Aufaristama, Muhammad Höskuldsson, Ármann Jónsdóttir, Ingibjörg Ulfarsson, Magnus Thordarson, Thorvaldur Jarðvísindastofnun (HÍ) Institute of Earth Sciences (UI) Rafmagns- og tölvuverkfræðideild (HÍ) Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering (UI) Jarðvísindadeild (HÍ) Faculty of Earth Sciences (UI) Verkfræði- og náttúruvísindasvið (HÍ) School of Engineering and Natural Sciences (UI) Háskóli Íslands University of Iceland 2018-01-20 151 https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11815/566 https://doi.org/10.3390/rs10010151 en eng MDPI AG Remote Sensing;10(1) http://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/10/1/151/pdf Aufaristama, M., Hoskuldsson, A., Jonsdottir, I., Ulfarsson, M., & Thordarson, T. (2018). New Insights for Detecting and Deriving Thermal Properties of Lava Flow Using Infrared Satellite during 2014–2015 Effusive Eruption at Holuhraun, Iceland. Remote Sensing, 10(1), 151. doi:10.3390/rs10010151 2072-4292 https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11815/566 Remote Sensing doi:10.3390/rs10010151 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Effusive eruption Landsat-8 TEI SWIR TIR Hurst coefficient Dual-band Radiant flux Crust thickness Gjóskugos Hraun Hraunrennsli Fjarkönnun Jarðeðlisfræði info:eu-repo/semantics/article 2018 ftopinvisindi https://doi.org/20.500.11815/56610.3390/rs10010151 2024-07-09T03:01:56Z A new lava field was formed at Holuhraun in the Icelandic Highlands, north of Vatnajökull glacier, in 2014–2015. It was the largest effusive eruption in Iceland for 230 years, with an estimated lava bulk volume of ~1.44 km3 covering an area of ~84 km2. Satellite-based remote sensing is commonly used as preliminary assessment of large scale eruptions since it is relatively efficient for collecting and processing the data. Landsat-8 infrared datasets were used in this study, and we used dual-band technique to determine the subpixel temperature (Th) of the lava. We developed a new spectral index called the thermal eruption index (TEI) based on the shortwave infrared (SWIR) and thermal infrared (TIR) bands allowing us to differentiate thermal domain within the lava flow field. Lava surface roughness effects are accounted by using the Hurst coefficient (H) for deriving the radiant flux (Φrad) and the crust thickness (Δh). Here, we compare the results derived from satellite images with field measurements. The result from 2 December 2014 shows that a temperature estimate (1096 °C; occupying area of 3.05 m2) from a lava breakout has a close correspondence with a thermal camera measurement (1047 °C; occupying area of 4.52 m2). We also found that the crust thickness estimate in the lava channel during 6 September 2014 (~3.4–7.7 m) compares closely with the lava height measurement from the field (~2.6–6.6 m); meanwhile, the total radiant flux peak is underestimated (~8 GW) compared to other studies (~25 GW), although the trend shows good agreement with both field observation and other studies. This study provides new insights for monitoring future effusive eruption using infrared satellite images The first author has been supported by the Indonesia Endowment Fund for Education (LPDP), Institute of Earth Science and Vinir Vatnajökuls during his Ph.D. project. Authors also would also like to thank anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments for the manuscript. Peer Reviewed Article in Journal/Newspaper glacier Iceland Vatnajökull Opin vísindi (Iceland) Remote Sensing 10 2 151 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Opin vísindi (Iceland) |
op_collection_id |
ftopinvisindi |
language |
English |
topic |
Effusive eruption Landsat-8 TEI SWIR TIR Hurst coefficient Dual-band Radiant flux Crust thickness Gjóskugos Hraun Hraunrennsli Fjarkönnun Jarðeðlisfræði |
spellingShingle |
Effusive eruption Landsat-8 TEI SWIR TIR Hurst coefficient Dual-band Radiant flux Crust thickness Gjóskugos Hraun Hraunrennsli Fjarkönnun Jarðeðlisfræði Aufaristama, Muhammad Höskuldsson, Ármann Jónsdóttir, Ingibjörg Ulfarsson, Magnus Thordarson, Thorvaldur New Insights for Detecting and Deriving Thermal Properties of Lava Flow Using Infrared Satellite during 2014–2015 Effusive Eruption at Holuhraun, Iceland |
topic_facet |
Effusive eruption Landsat-8 TEI SWIR TIR Hurst coefficient Dual-band Radiant flux Crust thickness Gjóskugos Hraun Hraunrennsli Fjarkönnun Jarðeðlisfræði |
description |
A new lava field was formed at Holuhraun in the Icelandic Highlands, north of Vatnajökull glacier, in 2014–2015. It was the largest effusive eruption in Iceland for 230 years, with an estimated lava bulk volume of ~1.44 km3 covering an area of ~84 km2. Satellite-based remote sensing is commonly used as preliminary assessment of large scale eruptions since it is relatively efficient for collecting and processing the data. Landsat-8 infrared datasets were used in this study, and we used dual-band technique to determine the subpixel temperature (Th) of the lava. We developed a new spectral index called the thermal eruption index (TEI) based on the shortwave infrared (SWIR) and thermal infrared (TIR) bands allowing us to differentiate thermal domain within the lava flow field. Lava surface roughness effects are accounted by using the Hurst coefficient (H) for deriving the radiant flux (Φrad) and the crust thickness (Δh). Here, we compare the results derived from satellite images with field measurements. The result from 2 December 2014 shows that a temperature estimate (1096 °C; occupying area of 3.05 m2) from a lava breakout has a close correspondence with a thermal camera measurement (1047 °C; occupying area of 4.52 m2). We also found that the crust thickness estimate in the lava channel during 6 September 2014 (~3.4–7.7 m) compares closely with the lava height measurement from the field (~2.6–6.6 m); meanwhile, the total radiant flux peak is underestimated (~8 GW) compared to other studies (~25 GW), although the trend shows good agreement with both field observation and other studies. This study provides new insights for monitoring future effusive eruption using infrared satellite images The first author has been supported by the Indonesia Endowment Fund for Education (LPDP), Institute of Earth Science and Vinir Vatnajökuls during his Ph.D. project. Authors also would also like to thank anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments for the manuscript. Peer Reviewed |
author2 |
Jarðvísindastofnun (HÍ) Institute of Earth Sciences (UI) Rafmagns- og tölvuverkfræðideild (HÍ) Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering (UI) Jarðvísindadeild (HÍ) Faculty of Earth Sciences (UI) Verkfræði- og náttúruvísindasvið (HÍ) School of Engineering and Natural Sciences (UI) Háskóli Íslands University of Iceland |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Aufaristama, Muhammad Höskuldsson, Ármann Jónsdóttir, Ingibjörg Ulfarsson, Magnus Thordarson, Thorvaldur |
author_facet |
Aufaristama, Muhammad Höskuldsson, Ármann Jónsdóttir, Ingibjörg Ulfarsson, Magnus Thordarson, Thorvaldur |
author_sort |
Aufaristama, Muhammad |
title |
New Insights for Detecting and Deriving Thermal Properties of Lava Flow Using Infrared Satellite during 2014–2015 Effusive Eruption at Holuhraun, Iceland |
title_short |
New Insights for Detecting and Deriving Thermal Properties of Lava Flow Using Infrared Satellite during 2014–2015 Effusive Eruption at Holuhraun, Iceland |
title_full |
New Insights for Detecting and Deriving Thermal Properties of Lava Flow Using Infrared Satellite during 2014–2015 Effusive Eruption at Holuhraun, Iceland |
title_fullStr |
New Insights for Detecting and Deriving Thermal Properties of Lava Flow Using Infrared Satellite during 2014–2015 Effusive Eruption at Holuhraun, Iceland |
title_full_unstemmed |
New Insights for Detecting and Deriving Thermal Properties of Lava Flow Using Infrared Satellite during 2014–2015 Effusive Eruption at Holuhraun, Iceland |
title_sort |
new insights for detecting and deriving thermal properties of lava flow using infrared satellite during 2014–2015 effusive eruption at holuhraun, iceland |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
publishDate |
2018 |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11815/566 https://doi.org/10.3390/rs10010151 |
genre |
glacier Iceland Vatnajökull |
genre_facet |
glacier Iceland Vatnajökull |
op_relation |
Remote Sensing;10(1) http://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/10/1/151/pdf Aufaristama, M., Hoskuldsson, A., Jonsdottir, I., Ulfarsson, M., & Thordarson, T. (2018). New Insights for Detecting and Deriving Thermal Properties of Lava Flow Using Infrared Satellite during 2014–2015 Effusive Eruption at Holuhraun, Iceland. Remote Sensing, 10(1), 151. doi:10.3390/rs10010151 2072-4292 https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11815/566 Remote Sensing doi:10.3390/rs10010151 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/20.500.11815/56610.3390/rs10010151 |
container_title |
Remote Sensing |
container_volume |
10 |
container_issue |
2 |
container_start_page |
151 |
_version_ |
1810445197544259584 |