Assessment of the potential respiratory hazard of volcanic ash from future Icelandic eruptions: a study of archived basaltic to rhyolitic ash samples
Background The eruptions of Eyjafjallajökull (2010) and Grímsvötn (2011), Iceland, triggered immediate, international consideration of the respiratory health hazard of inhaling volcanic ash, and prompted the need to estimate the potential hazard posed by future eruptions of Iceland’s volcanoes to Ic...
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ftopinvisindi:oai:opinvisindi.is:20.500.11815/556 2024-09-15T18:05:24+00:00 Assessment of the potential respiratory hazard of volcanic ash from future Icelandic eruptions: a study of archived basaltic to rhyolitic ash samples Damby, David E. Horwell, Claire J. Larsen, Guðrún Þorgerður Thordarson, Thorvaldur Tomatis, Maura Fubini, Bice Donaldson, Ken Jarðvísindastofnun (HÍ) Institute of Earth Sciences (UI) Verkfræði- og náttúruvísindasvið (HÍ) School of Engineering and Natural Sciences (UI) Háskóli Íslands University of Iceland 2017-09-11 98 https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11815/556 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12940-017-0302-9 en eng Springer Nature Environmental Health;16(1) http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s12940-017-0302-9.pdf Damby, D. E., Horwell, C. J., Larsen, G., Thordarson, T., Tomatis, M., Fubini, B., & Donaldson, K. (2017). Assessment of the potential respiratory hazard of volcanic ash from future Icelandic eruptions: a study of archived basaltic to rhyolitic ash samples. Environmental Health, 16(1), 98. doi:10.1186/s12940-017-0302-9 1476-069X https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11815/556 Environmental Health doi:10.1186/s12940-017-0302-9 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Volcanic ash Health hazard Air pollution Particle characterization Free radicals Haemolysis Eldgos Eldgosið í Eyjafjallajökli Grímsvatnagos Aska Loftmengun Heilsufar Áhættuþættir info:eu-repo/semantics/article 2017 ftopinvisindi https://doi.org/20.500.11815/55610.1186/s12940-017-0302-9 2024-07-09T03:01:56Z Background The eruptions of Eyjafjallajökull (2010) and Grímsvötn (2011), Iceland, triggered immediate, international consideration of the respiratory health hazard of inhaling volcanic ash, and prompted the need to estimate the potential hazard posed by future eruptions of Iceland’s volcanoes to Icelandic and Northern European populations. Methods A physicochemical characterization and toxicological assessment was conducted on a suite of archived ash samples spanning the spectrum of past eruptions (basaltic to rhyolitic magmatic composition) of Icelandic volcanoes following a protocol specifically designed by the International Volcanic Health Hazard Network. Results Icelandic ash can be of a respirable size (up to 11.3 vol.% < 4 μm), but the samples did not display physicochemical characteristics of pathogenic particulate in terms of composition or morphology. Ash particles were generally angular, being composed of fragmented glass and crystals. Few fiber-like particles were observed, but those present comprised glass or sodium oxides, and are not related to pathogenic natural fibers, like asbestos or fibrous zeolites, thereby limiting concern of associated respiratory diseases. None of the samples contained cristobalite or tridymite, and only one sample contained quartz, minerals of interest due to the potential to cause silicosis. Sample surface areas are low, ranging from 0.4 to 1.6 m2 g−1, which aligns with analyses on ash from other eruptions worldwide. All samples generated a low level of hydroxyl radicals (HO•), a measure of surface reactivity, through the iron-catalyzed Fenton reaction compared to concurrently analyzed comparative samples. However, radical generation increased after ‘refreshing’ sample surfaces, indicating that newly erupted samples may display higher reactivity. A composition-dependent range of available surface iron was measured after a 7-day incubation, from 22.5 to 315.7 μmol m−2, with mafic samples releasing more iron than silicic samples. All samples were non-reactive in a test ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Eyjafjallajökull Iceland Opin vísindi (Iceland) Environmental Health 16 1 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Opin vísindi (Iceland) |
op_collection_id |
ftopinvisindi |
language |
English |
topic |
Volcanic ash Health hazard Air pollution Particle characterization Free radicals Haemolysis Eldgos Eldgosið í Eyjafjallajökli Grímsvatnagos Aska Loftmengun Heilsufar Áhættuþættir |
spellingShingle |
Volcanic ash Health hazard Air pollution Particle characterization Free radicals Haemolysis Eldgos Eldgosið í Eyjafjallajökli Grímsvatnagos Aska Loftmengun Heilsufar Áhættuþættir Damby, David E. Horwell, Claire J. Larsen, Guðrún Þorgerður Thordarson, Thorvaldur Tomatis, Maura Fubini, Bice Donaldson, Ken Assessment of the potential respiratory hazard of volcanic ash from future Icelandic eruptions: a study of archived basaltic to rhyolitic ash samples |
topic_facet |
Volcanic ash Health hazard Air pollution Particle characterization Free radicals Haemolysis Eldgos Eldgosið í Eyjafjallajökli Grímsvatnagos Aska Loftmengun Heilsufar Áhættuþættir |
description |
Background The eruptions of Eyjafjallajökull (2010) and Grímsvötn (2011), Iceland, triggered immediate, international consideration of the respiratory health hazard of inhaling volcanic ash, and prompted the need to estimate the potential hazard posed by future eruptions of Iceland’s volcanoes to Icelandic and Northern European populations. Methods A physicochemical characterization and toxicological assessment was conducted on a suite of archived ash samples spanning the spectrum of past eruptions (basaltic to rhyolitic magmatic composition) of Icelandic volcanoes following a protocol specifically designed by the International Volcanic Health Hazard Network. Results Icelandic ash can be of a respirable size (up to 11.3 vol.% < 4 μm), but the samples did not display physicochemical characteristics of pathogenic particulate in terms of composition or morphology. Ash particles were generally angular, being composed of fragmented glass and crystals. Few fiber-like particles were observed, but those present comprised glass or sodium oxides, and are not related to pathogenic natural fibers, like asbestos or fibrous zeolites, thereby limiting concern of associated respiratory diseases. None of the samples contained cristobalite or tridymite, and only one sample contained quartz, minerals of interest due to the potential to cause silicosis. Sample surface areas are low, ranging from 0.4 to 1.6 m2 g−1, which aligns with analyses on ash from other eruptions worldwide. All samples generated a low level of hydroxyl radicals (HO•), a measure of surface reactivity, through the iron-catalyzed Fenton reaction compared to concurrently analyzed comparative samples. However, radical generation increased after ‘refreshing’ sample surfaces, indicating that newly erupted samples may display higher reactivity. A composition-dependent range of available surface iron was measured after a 7-day incubation, from 22.5 to 315.7 μmol m−2, with mafic samples releasing more iron than silicic samples. All samples were non-reactive in a test ... |
author2 |
Jarðvísindastofnun (HÍ) Institute of Earth Sciences (UI) Verkfræði- og náttúruvísindasvið (HÍ) School of Engineering and Natural Sciences (UI) Háskóli Íslands University of Iceland |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Damby, David E. Horwell, Claire J. Larsen, Guðrún Þorgerður Thordarson, Thorvaldur Tomatis, Maura Fubini, Bice Donaldson, Ken |
author_facet |
Damby, David E. Horwell, Claire J. Larsen, Guðrún Þorgerður Thordarson, Thorvaldur Tomatis, Maura Fubini, Bice Donaldson, Ken |
author_sort |
Damby, David E. |
title |
Assessment of the potential respiratory hazard of volcanic ash from future Icelandic eruptions: a study of archived basaltic to rhyolitic ash samples |
title_short |
Assessment of the potential respiratory hazard of volcanic ash from future Icelandic eruptions: a study of archived basaltic to rhyolitic ash samples |
title_full |
Assessment of the potential respiratory hazard of volcanic ash from future Icelandic eruptions: a study of archived basaltic to rhyolitic ash samples |
title_fullStr |
Assessment of the potential respiratory hazard of volcanic ash from future Icelandic eruptions: a study of archived basaltic to rhyolitic ash samples |
title_full_unstemmed |
Assessment of the potential respiratory hazard of volcanic ash from future Icelandic eruptions: a study of archived basaltic to rhyolitic ash samples |
title_sort |
assessment of the potential respiratory hazard of volcanic ash from future icelandic eruptions: a study of archived basaltic to rhyolitic ash samples |
publisher |
Springer Nature |
publishDate |
2017 |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11815/556 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12940-017-0302-9 |
genre |
Eyjafjallajökull Iceland |
genre_facet |
Eyjafjallajökull Iceland |
op_relation |
Environmental Health;16(1) http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s12940-017-0302-9.pdf Damby, D. E., Horwell, C. J., Larsen, G., Thordarson, T., Tomatis, M., Fubini, B., & Donaldson, K. (2017). Assessment of the potential respiratory hazard of volcanic ash from future Icelandic eruptions: a study of archived basaltic to rhyolitic ash samples. Environmental Health, 16(1), 98. doi:10.1186/s12940-017-0302-9 1476-069X https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11815/556 Environmental Health doi:10.1186/s12940-017-0302-9 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/20.500.11815/55610.1186/s12940-017-0302-9 |
container_title |
Environmental Health |
container_volume |
16 |
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1 |
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1810442951269023744 |