The Numbers One and Zero in Northern European Textbooks
One and zero have always existed in arithmetic textbooks. In the modern sense they are numbers. It has not always been so. The Greek view was that a number is a multitude of units. This was often interpreted to mean that one (1) was not to be understood as a number. The zero was introduced as a part...
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ftopinvisindi:oai:opinvisindi.is:20.500.11815/4854 2024-06-02T08:09:28+00:00 The Numbers One and Zero in Northern European Textbooks Tölurnar einn og núll í norður-evrópskum kennslubókum Bjarnadóttir, Kristín Education 2007 18 326990 3-20 https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11815/4854 en eng The International Journal for the History of Mathematics Education; 2(2) Bjarnadóttir , K 2007 , ' The Numbers One and Zero in Northern European Textbooks ' , The International Journal for the History of Mathematics Education , vol. 2 , no. 2 , pp. 3-20 . 221462381 a6637edb-cabb-4ccc-a03a-2cb94e7457fe https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11815/4854 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Mathematics (all) /dk/atira/pure/researchoutput/researchoutputtypes/contributiontojournal/article 2007 ftopinvisindi https://doi.org/20.500.11815/4854 2024-05-06T02:20:07Z One and zero have always existed in arithmetic textbooks. In the modern sense they are numbers. It has not always been so. The Greek view was that a number is a multitude of units. This was often interpreted to mean that one (1) was not to be understood as a number. The zero was introduced as a part of the Hindu-Arabic numeration, originally as a symbol to designate an empty slot. It was first presented as one of the ten digits in the early 13th century. For a long time it had a special position within the group of digits and was often called an insignificant digit. These views are reflected in Northern European writings that have influenced Icelandic arithmetic textbooks from the 13th century until the 19th. Examples from medieval times, as well as from the 17th, 18th and 19th centuries, are examined in this paper with respect to these views and in the light of contemporary cultural movements, such as the Enlightenment. During the last decades of the 19th century mathematicians and logicians made efforts to place the definition of a number on a sound basis. No evidence has been found that these matters were discussed in Iceland, while the ancient conceptions of one and zero disappeared from Icelandic textbooks in the early 20th century. One and zero have always existed in arithmetic textbooks. In the modern sense they are numbers. It has not always been so. The Greek view was that a number is a multitude of units. This was often interpreted to mean that one (1) was not to be understood as a number. The zero was introduced as a part of the Hindu-Arabic numeration, originally as a symbol to designate an empty slot. It was first presented as one of the ten digits in the early 13th century. For a long time it had a special position within the group of digits and was often called an insignificant digit. These views are reflected in Northern European writings that have influenced Icelandic arithmetic textbooks from the 13th century until the 19th. Examples from medieval times, as well as from the 17th, 18th and ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Iceland Opin vísindi (Iceland) |
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English |
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Mathematics (all) |
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Mathematics (all) Bjarnadóttir, Kristín The Numbers One and Zero in Northern European Textbooks |
topic_facet |
Mathematics (all) |
description |
One and zero have always existed in arithmetic textbooks. In the modern sense they are numbers. It has not always been so. The Greek view was that a number is a multitude of units. This was often interpreted to mean that one (1) was not to be understood as a number. The zero was introduced as a part of the Hindu-Arabic numeration, originally as a symbol to designate an empty slot. It was first presented as one of the ten digits in the early 13th century. For a long time it had a special position within the group of digits and was often called an insignificant digit. These views are reflected in Northern European writings that have influenced Icelandic arithmetic textbooks from the 13th century until the 19th. Examples from medieval times, as well as from the 17th, 18th and 19th centuries, are examined in this paper with respect to these views and in the light of contemporary cultural movements, such as the Enlightenment. During the last decades of the 19th century mathematicians and logicians made efforts to place the definition of a number on a sound basis. No evidence has been found that these matters were discussed in Iceland, while the ancient conceptions of one and zero disappeared from Icelandic textbooks in the early 20th century. One and zero have always existed in arithmetic textbooks. In the modern sense they are numbers. It has not always been so. The Greek view was that a number is a multitude of units. This was often interpreted to mean that one (1) was not to be understood as a number. The zero was introduced as a part of the Hindu-Arabic numeration, originally as a symbol to designate an empty slot. It was first presented as one of the ten digits in the early 13th century. For a long time it had a special position within the group of digits and was often called an insignificant digit. These views are reflected in Northern European writings that have influenced Icelandic arithmetic textbooks from the 13th century until the 19th. Examples from medieval times, as well as from the 17th, 18th and ... |
author2 |
Education |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Bjarnadóttir, Kristín |
author_facet |
Bjarnadóttir, Kristín |
author_sort |
Bjarnadóttir, Kristín |
title |
The Numbers One and Zero in Northern European Textbooks |
title_short |
The Numbers One and Zero in Northern European Textbooks |
title_full |
The Numbers One and Zero in Northern European Textbooks |
title_fullStr |
The Numbers One and Zero in Northern European Textbooks |
title_full_unstemmed |
The Numbers One and Zero in Northern European Textbooks |
title_sort |
numbers one and zero in northern european textbooks |
publishDate |
2007 |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11815/4854 |
genre |
Iceland |
genre_facet |
Iceland |
op_relation |
The International Journal for the History of Mathematics Education; 2(2) Bjarnadóttir , K 2007 , ' The Numbers One and Zero in Northern European Textbooks ' , The International Journal for the History of Mathematics Education , vol. 2 , no. 2 , pp. 3-20 . 221462381 a6637edb-cabb-4ccc-a03a-2cb94e7457fe https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11815/4854 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/20.500.11815/4854 |
_version_ |
1800755197075521536 |