Lava field evolution and emplacement dynamics of the 2014–2015 basaltic fissure eruption at Holuhraun, Iceland
The 6-month long eruption at Holuhraun (August 2014–February 2015) in the Bárðarbunga-Veiðivötn volcanic system was the largest effusive eruption in Iceland since the 1783–1784 CE Laki eruption. The lava flow field covered ~84 km2 and has an estimated bulk (i.e., including vesicles) volume of ~1.44...
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ftopinvisindi:oai:opinvisindi.is:20.500.11815/320 2024-09-15T18:14:01+00:00 Lava field evolution and emplacement dynamics of the 2014–2015 basaltic fissure eruption at Holuhraun, Iceland Pedersen, Gro Höskuldsson, Ármann Dürig, Tobias Thordarson, Thorvaldur Jonsdottir, Ingibjorg Riishus, M. S. Óskarsson, B.V. Dumont, Stéphanie Magnússon, Eyjólfur Gudmundsson, Magnus Tumi Sigmundsson, Freysteinn Drouin, V.J.P.B. Gallagher, C. Askew, R. Gudnason, J. Moreland, William Nikkola, P. Reynolds, Hannah Iona Schmith, Johanne Jarðvísindastofnun (HÍ) Institute of Earth Sciences (UI) Jarðvísindadeild (HÍ) Faculty of Earth Sciences (UI) Verkfræði- og náttúruvísindasvið (HÍ) School of Engineering and Natural Sciences (UI) Háskóli Íslands University of Iceland 2017-06 155-169 https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11815/320 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2017.02.027 en eng Elsevier BV info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/FP7/308377 Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research;340 Pedersen, G. B. M., Höskuldsson, A., Dürig, T., Thordarson, T., Jónsdóttir, I., Riishuus, M. S., . . . Schmith, J. (2017). Lava field evolution and emplacement dynamics of the 2014–2015 basaltic fissure eruption at Holuhraun, Iceland. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 340, 155-169. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2017.02.027 0377-0273 https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11815/320 Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research doi:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2017.02.027 info:eu-repo/semantics/embargoedAccess Geophysics Geology Volcanology Lava flows Jarðeðlisfræði Jarðfræði Eldfjallafræði Hraunrennsli info:eu-repo/semantics/article 2017 ftopinvisindi https://doi.org/20.500.11815/32010.1016/j.jvolgeores.2017.02.027 2024-07-09T03:01:56Z The 6-month long eruption at Holuhraun (August 2014–February 2015) in the Bárðarbunga-Veiðivötn volcanic system was the largest effusive eruption in Iceland since the 1783–1784 CE Laki eruption. The lava flow field covered ~84 km2 and has an estimated bulk (i.e., including vesicles) volume of ~1.44 km3. The eruption had an average discharge rate of ~90 m3/s making it the longest effusive eruption in modern times to sustain such high average flux. The first phase of the eruption (August 31, 2014 to mid-October 2014) had a discharge rate of ~350 to 100 m3/s and was typified by lava transport via open channels and the formation of four lava flows, no. 1–4,which were emplaced side by side. The eruption began on a 1.8 km long fissure, feeding partly incandescent sheets of slabby pāhoehoe up to 500 m wide. By the following day the lava transport got confined to open channels and the dominant lava morphology changed to rubbly pāhoehoe and ‘a’ā. The latter became the dominating morphology of lava flows no. 1–8. The second phase of the eruption (Mid-October to end November) had a discharge of ~100–50 m3/s. During this time the lava transport system changed, via the formation of a b1 km2 lava pond ~1 km east of the vent. The pond most likely formed in a topographical low created by a the pre-existing Holuhraun and the newHoluhraun lava flow fields. This pond became themain point of lava distribution, controlling the emplacement of subsequent flows (i.e. no. 5–8). Towards the end of this phase inflation plateaus developed in lava flowno. 1. These inflation plateaus were the surface manifestation of a growing lava tube system, which formed as lava ponded in the open lava channels creating sufficient lavastatic pressure in the fluid lava to lift the roof of the lava channels. This allowed new lava into the previously active lava channel lifting the channel roof via inflation. The final (third) phase, lasting from December to end-February 2015 had a mean discharge rate of ~50 m3/s. In this phase the lava transport was mainly ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Iceland Opin vísindi (Iceland) Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 340 155 169 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Opin vísindi (Iceland) |
op_collection_id |
ftopinvisindi |
language |
English |
topic |
Geophysics Geology Volcanology Lava flows Jarðeðlisfræði Jarðfræði Eldfjallafræði Hraunrennsli |
spellingShingle |
Geophysics Geology Volcanology Lava flows Jarðeðlisfræði Jarðfræði Eldfjallafræði Hraunrennsli Pedersen, Gro Höskuldsson, Ármann Dürig, Tobias Thordarson, Thorvaldur Jonsdottir, Ingibjorg Riishus, M. S. Óskarsson, B.V. Dumont, Stéphanie Magnússon, Eyjólfur Gudmundsson, Magnus Tumi Sigmundsson, Freysteinn Drouin, V.J.P.B. Gallagher, C. Askew, R. Gudnason, J. Moreland, William Nikkola, P. Reynolds, Hannah Iona Schmith, Johanne Lava field evolution and emplacement dynamics of the 2014–2015 basaltic fissure eruption at Holuhraun, Iceland |
topic_facet |
Geophysics Geology Volcanology Lava flows Jarðeðlisfræði Jarðfræði Eldfjallafræði Hraunrennsli |
description |
The 6-month long eruption at Holuhraun (August 2014–February 2015) in the Bárðarbunga-Veiðivötn volcanic system was the largest effusive eruption in Iceland since the 1783–1784 CE Laki eruption. The lava flow field covered ~84 km2 and has an estimated bulk (i.e., including vesicles) volume of ~1.44 km3. The eruption had an average discharge rate of ~90 m3/s making it the longest effusive eruption in modern times to sustain such high average flux. The first phase of the eruption (August 31, 2014 to mid-October 2014) had a discharge rate of ~350 to 100 m3/s and was typified by lava transport via open channels and the formation of four lava flows, no. 1–4,which were emplaced side by side. The eruption began on a 1.8 km long fissure, feeding partly incandescent sheets of slabby pāhoehoe up to 500 m wide. By the following day the lava transport got confined to open channels and the dominant lava morphology changed to rubbly pāhoehoe and ‘a’ā. The latter became the dominating morphology of lava flows no. 1–8. The second phase of the eruption (Mid-October to end November) had a discharge of ~100–50 m3/s. During this time the lava transport system changed, via the formation of a b1 km2 lava pond ~1 km east of the vent. The pond most likely formed in a topographical low created by a the pre-existing Holuhraun and the newHoluhraun lava flow fields. This pond became themain point of lava distribution, controlling the emplacement of subsequent flows (i.e. no. 5–8). Towards the end of this phase inflation plateaus developed in lava flowno. 1. These inflation plateaus were the surface manifestation of a growing lava tube system, which formed as lava ponded in the open lava channels creating sufficient lavastatic pressure in the fluid lava to lift the roof of the lava channels. This allowed new lava into the previously active lava channel lifting the channel roof via inflation. The final (third) phase, lasting from December to end-February 2015 had a mean discharge rate of ~50 m3/s. In this phase the lava transport was mainly ... |
author2 |
Jarðvísindastofnun (HÍ) Institute of Earth Sciences (UI) Jarðvísindadeild (HÍ) Faculty of Earth Sciences (UI) Verkfræði- og náttúruvísindasvið (HÍ) School of Engineering and Natural Sciences (UI) Háskóli Íslands University of Iceland |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Pedersen, Gro Höskuldsson, Ármann Dürig, Tobias Thordarson, Thorvaldur Jonsdottir, Ingibjorg Riishus, M. S. Óskarsson, B.V. Dumont, Stéphanie Magnússon, Eyjólfur Gudmundsson, Magnus Tumi Sigmundsson, Freysteinn Drouin, V.J.P.B. Gallagher, C. Askew, R. Gudnason, J. Moreland, William Nikkola, P. Reynolds, Hannah Iona Schmith, Johanne |
author_facet |
Pedersen, Gro Höskuldsson, Ármann Dürig, Tobias Thordarson, Thorvaldur Jonsdottir, Ingibjorg Riishus, M. S. Óskarsson, B.V. Dumont, Stéphanie Magnússon, Eyjólfur Gudmundsson, Magnus Tumi Sigmundsson, Freysteinn Drouin, V.J.P.B. Gallagher, C. Askew, R. Gudnason, J. Moreland, William Nikkola, P. Reynolds, Hannah Iona Schmith, Johanne |
author_sort |
Pedersen, Gro |
title |
Lava field evolution and emplacement dynamics of the 2014–2015 basaltic fissure eruption at Holuhraun, Iceland |
title_short |
Lava field evolution and emplacement dynamics of the 2014–2015 basaltic fissure eruption at Holuhraun, Iceland |
title_full |
Lava field evolution and emplacement dynamics of the 2014–2015 basaltic fissure eruption at Holuhraun, Iceland |
title_fullStr |
Lava field evolution and emplacement dynamics of the 2014–2015 basaltic fissure eruption at Holuhraun, Iceland |
title_full_unstemmed |
Lava field evolution and emplacement dynamics of the 2014–2015 basaltic fissure eruption at Holuhraun, Iceland |
title_sort |
lava field evolution and emplacement dynamics of the 2014–2015 basaltic fissure eruption at holuhraun, iceland |
publisher |
Elsevier BV |
publishDate |
2017 |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11815/320 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2017.02.027 |
genre |
Iceland |
genre_facet |
Iceland |
op_relation |
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/FP7/308377 Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research;340 Pedersen, G. B. M., Höskuldsson, A., Dürig, T., Thordarson, T., Jónsdóttir, I., Riishuus, M. S., . . . Schmith, J. (2017). Lava field evolution and emplacement dynamics of the 2014–2015 basaltic fissure eruption at Holuhraun, Iceland. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 340, 155-169. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2017.02.027 0377-0273 https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11815/320 Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research doi:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2017.02.027 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/embargoedAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/20.500.11815/32010.1016/j.jvolgeores.2017.02.027 |
container_title |
Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research |
container_volume |
340 |
container_start_page |
155 |
op_container_end_page |
169 |
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1810451799388192768 |