The 2014-2015 lava flow field at Holuhraun: Deriving physical properties of the lava using multi remote sensing techniques and datasets
The purpose of this thesis is to employ remote sensing to study lava flow products during the 2014-2015 eruption at Holuhraun, Iceland. Multimodal remote sensing techniques and datasets were applied and developed for three study themes (1) deriving thermal properties from satellite infrared remote s...
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Format: | Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis |
Language: | English |
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University of Iceland, School of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Faculty of Earth Sciences
2020
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Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11815/1768 |
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ftopinvisindi:oai:opinvisindi.is:20.500.11815/1768 2023-05-15T16:52:40+02:00 The 2014-2015 lava flow field at Holuhraun: Deriving physical properties of the lava using multi remote sensing techniques and datasets Aufaristama, Muhammad Armann Höskuldsson Jarðvísindadeild (HÍ) Faculty of Earth Sciences (UI) Verkfræði- og náttúruvísindasvið (HÍ) School of Engineering and Natural Sciences (UI) Háskóli Íslands University of Iceland 2020-04-29 121 https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11815/1768 en eng University of Iceland, School of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Faculty of Earth Sciences Muhammad Aufaristama, 2020, The 2014-2015 lava flow field at Holuhraun: Deriving physical properties of the lava using multi remote sensing techniques and datasets, PhD dissertation, Faculty of Earth Sciences, University of Iceland, 121 pp. 978-9935-9412-9-9 https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11815/1768 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Hraun Hraunrennsli Eldgos Holuhraun Fjarkönnun Loftmyndir Jarðvísindi Doktorsritgerðir info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis 2020 ftopinvisindi https://doi.org/20.500.11815/1768 2022-11-18T06:51:56Z The purpose of this thesis is to employ remote sensing to study lava flow products during the 2014-2015 eruption at Holuhraun, Iceland. Multimodal remote sensing techniques and datasets were applied and developed for three study themes (1) deriving thermal properties from satellite infrared remote sensing, (2) differentiating lava surface using airborne hyperspectral remote sensing, and (3) quantifying lava surface roughness from elevation model acquired by airborne LiDAR. In the first study, we present a new approach based on infrared satellite images to derive thermal properties within the lava field during eruption and then compare the results with field measurement during the 2014-2015 eruption at Holuhraun. We develop a new spectral index for Landsat 8, named the thermal eruption index (TEI), based on the SWIR and TIR bands (bands 6 and 10). The purpose of the TEI consists mainly of two parts: (i) as a threshold for differentiating between different thermal domains; and (ii) to apply dualband technique to determine the maximum subpixel temperature (Th) of the lava. Lava surface roughness effects are accounted for by using the Hurst exponent (H), which is estimated from radar backscattering profiles. A higher H (smooth surface) generates thinner crust and high thermal flux meanwhile a lower H (rough surface) generates thicker crust and lower thermal flux. The total thermal flux peak is underestimated compared to other studies, although the trend shows good agreement with both field observation and other studies. In the second study, we focus on retrieving the lava surface types contributing to the signal recorded by airborne hyperspectral at the very top surface of the 2014-2015 lava flow field at Holuhraun. For this purpose, an airborne hyperspectral image acquired at Holuhraun with an AisaFENIX sensor onboard a NERC (Natural Environment Research Council Airborne Research Facility) campaign. For sub-pixel analysis, we used the sequential maximum angle convex cone (SMACC) algorithm to identify the spectral ... Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis Iceland Opin vísindi (Iceland) Holuhraun ENVELOPE(-16.831,-16.831,64.852,64.852) Hraun ENVELOPE(-19.263,-19.263,63.507,63.507) |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Opin vísindi (Iceland) |
op_collection_id |
ftopinvisindi |
language |
English |
topic |
Hraun Hraunrennsli Eldgos Holuhraun Fjarkönnun Loftmyndir Jarðvísindi Doktorsritgerðir |
spellingShingle |
Hraun Hraunrennsli Eldgos Holuhraun Fjarkönnun Loftmyndir Jarðvísindi Doktorsritgerðir Aufaristama, Muhammad The 2014-2015 lava flow field at Holuhraun: Deriving physical properties of the lava using multi remote sensing techniques and datasets |
topic_facet |
Hraun Hraunrennsli Eldgos Holuhraun Fjarkönnun Loftmyndir Jarðvísindi Doktorsritgerðir |
description |
The purpose of this thesis is to employ remote sensing to study lava flow products during the 2014-2015 eruption at Holuhraun, Iceland. Multimodal remote sensing techniques and datasets were applied and developed for three study themes (1) deriving thermal properties from satellite infrared remote sensing, (2) differentiating lava surface using airborne hyperspectral remote sensing, and (3) quantifying lava surface roughness from elevation model acquired by airborne LiDAR. In the first study, we present a new approach based on infrared satellite images to derive thermal properties within the lava field during eruption and then compare the results with field measurement during the 2014-2015 eruption at Holuhraun. We develop a new spectral index for Landsat 8, named the thermal eruption index (TEI), based on the SWIR and TIR bands (bands 6 and 10). The purpose of the TEI consists mainly of two parts: (i) as a threshold for differentiating between different thermal domains; and (ii) to apply dualband technique to determine the maximum subpixel temperature (Th) of the lava. Lava surface roughness effects are accounted for by using the Hurst exponent (H), which is estimated from radar backscattering profiles. A higher H (smooth surface) generates thinner crust and high thermal flux meanwhile a lower H (rough surface) generates thicker crust and lower thermal flux. The total thermal flux peak is underestimated compared to other studies, although the trend shows good agreement with both field observation and other studies. In the second study, we focus on retrieving the lava surface types contributing to the signal recorded by airborne hyperspectral at the very top surface of the 2014-2015 lava flow field at Holuhraun. For this purpose, an airborne hyperspectral image acquired at Holuhraun with an AisaFENIX sensor onboard a NERC (Natural Environment Research Council Airborne Research Facility) campaign. For sub-pixel analysis, we used the sequential maximum angle convex cone (SMACC) algorithm to identify the spectral ... |
author2 |
Armann Höskuldsson Jarðvísindadeild (HÍ) Faculty of Earth Sciences (UI) Verkfræði- og náttúruvísindasvið (HÍ) School of Engineering and Natural Sciences (UI) Háskóli Íslands University of Iceland |
format |
Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis |
author |
Aufaristama, Muhammad |
author_facet |
Aufaristama, Muhammad |
author_sort |
Aufaristama, Muhammad |
title |
The 2014-2015 lava flow field at Holuhraun: Deriving physical properties of the lava using multi remote sensing techniques and datasets |
title_short |
The 2014-2015 lava flow field at Holuhraun: Deriving physical properties of the lava using multi remote sensing techniques and datasets |
title_full |
The 2014-2015 lava flow field at Holuhraun: Deriving physical properties of the lava using multi remote sensing techniques and datasets |
title_fullStr |
The 2014-2015 lava flow field at Holuhraun: Deriving physical properties of the lava using multi remote sensing techniques and datasets |
title_full_unstemmed |
The 2014-2015 lava flow field at Holuhraun: Deriving physical properties of the lava using multi remote sensing techniques and datasets |
title_sort |
2014-2015 lava flow field at holuhraun: deriving physical properties of the lava using multi remote sensing techniques and datasets |
publisher |
University of Iceland, School of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Faculty of Earth Sciences |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11815/1768 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-16.831,-16.831,64.852,64.852) ENVELOPE(-19.263,-19.263,63.507,63.507) |
geographic |
Holuhraun Hraun |
geographic_facet |
Holuhraun Hraun |
genre |
Iceland |
genre_facet |
Iceland |
op_relation |
Muhammad Aufaristama, 2020, The 2014-2015 lava flow field at Holuhraun: Deriving physical properties of the lava using multi remote sensing techniques and datasets, PhD dissertation, Faculty of Earth Sciences, University of Iceland, 121 pp. 978-9935-9412-9-9 https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11815/1768 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/20.500.11815/1768 |
_version_ |
1766043033603670016 |