Sensitivity of Glacier Runoff to Winter Snow Thickness Investigated for Vatnajökull Ice Cap, Iceland, Using Numerical Models and Observations
Publisher's version (útgefin grein) Several simulations of the surface climate and energy balance of Vatnajökull ice cap, Iceland, are used to estimate the glacier runoff for the period 1980–2015 and the sensitivity of runoff to the spring conditions (e.g., snow thickness). The simulations are...
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Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2018
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Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11815/1251 https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos9110450 |
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ftopinvisindi:oai:opinvisindi.is:20.500.11815/1251 2023-05-15T16:21:41+02:00 Sensitivity of Glacier Runoff to Winter Snow Thickness Investigated for Vatnajökull Ice Cap, Iceland, Using Numerical Models and Observations Schmidt, Louise Steffensen Langen, Peter Adalgeirsdottir, Gudfinna Pálsson, Finnur Guðmundsson, Sverrir Gunnarsson, Andri Jarðvísindastofnun (HÍ) Institute of Earth Sciences (UI) Umhverfis- og byggingarverkfræðideild (HÍ) Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering (UI) Verkfræði- og náttúruvísindasvið (HÍ) School of Engineering and Natural Sciences (UI) Háskóli Íslands University of Iceland 2018-11-15 450 https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11815/1251 https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos9110450 en eng MDPI AG Atmosphere;9(11) http://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/9/11/450/pdf Schmidt LS, Langen PL, Aðalgeirsdóttir G, Pálsson F, Guðmundsson S, Gunnarsson A. Sensitivity of Glacier Runoff to Winter Snow Thickness Investigated for Vatnajökull Ice Cap, Iceland, Using Numerical Models and Observations. Atmosphere. 2018; 9(11):450. doi:10.3390/atmos9110450 2073-4433 https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11815/1251 Atmosphere doi:10.3390/atmos9110450 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Regional climate models Glaciers Snowfall Snow-albedo feedback Runoff sensitivity Jöklar Snjóalög Líkön Bráðnun (jöklafræði) info:eu-repo/semantics/article 2018 ftopinvisindi https://doi.org/20.500.11815/1251 https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos9110450 2022-11-18T06:51:46Z Publisher's version (útgefin grein) Several simulations of the surface climate and energy balance of Vatnajökull ice cap, Iceland, are used to estimate the glacier runoff for the period 1980–2015 and the sensitivity of runoff to the spring conditions (e.g., snow thickness). The simulations are calculated using the snow pack scheme from the regional climate model HIRHAM5, forced with incoming mass and energy fluxes from the numerical weather prediction model HARMONIE-AROME. The modeled runoff is compared to available observations from two outlet glaciers to assess the quality of the simulations. To test the sensitivity of the runoff to spring conditions, simulations are repeated for the spring conditions of each of the years 1980–2015, followed by the weather of all summers in the same period. We find that for the whole ice cap, the variability in runoff as a function of varying spring conditions was on average 31% of the variability due to changing summer weather. However, some outlet glaciers are very sensitive to the amount of snow in the spring, as e.g., the variation in runoff from Brúarjökull due to changing spring conditions was on average 50% of the variability due to varying summer weather. This research was funded by the Icelandic Research Fund (RANNIS, Grant no. 140920-051), as well as the National Power Company of Iceland (Landsvirkjun) and Eimskip University fund. Peer Reviewed Article in Journal/Newspaper glacier Ice cap Iceland Vatnajökull Opin vísindi (Iceland) Brúarjökull ENVELOPE(-16.157,-16.157,64.682,64.682) Vatnajökull ENVELOPE(-16.823,-16.823,64.420,64.420) Atmosphere 9 11 450 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Opin vísindi (Iceland) |
op_collection_id |
ftopinvisindi |
language |
English |
topic |
Regional climate models Glaciers Snowfall Snow-albedo feedback Runoff sensitivity Jöklar Snjóalög Líkön Bráðnun (jöklafræði) |
spellingShingle |
Regional climate models Glaciers Snowfall Snow-albedo feedback Runoff sensitivity Jöklar Snjóalög Líkön Bráðnun (jöklafræði) Schmidt, Louise Steffensen Langen, Peter Adalgeirsdottir, Gudfinna Pálsson, Finnur Guðmundsson, Sverrir Gunnarsson, Andri Sensitivity of Glacier Runoff to Winter Snow Thickness Investigated for Vatnajökull Ice Cap, Iceland, Using Numerical Models and Observations |
topic_facet |
Regional climate models Glaciers Snowfall Snow-albedo feedback Runoff sensitivity Jöklar Snjóalög Líkön Bráðnun (jöklafræði) |
description |
Publisher's version (útgefin grein) Several simulations of the surface climate and energy balance of Vatnajökull ice cap, Iceland, are used to estimate the glacier runoff for the period 1980–2015 and the sensitivity of runoff to the spring conditions (e.g., snow thickness). The simulations are calculated using the snow pack scheme from the regional climate model HIRHAM5, forced with incoming mass and energy fluxes from the numerical weather prediction model HARMONIE-AROME. The modeled runoff is compared to available observations from two outlet glaciers to assess the quality of the simulations. To test the sensitivity of the runoff to spring conditions, simulations are repeated for the spring conditions of each of the years 1980–2015, followed by the weather of all summers in the same period. We find that for the whole ice cap, the variability in runoff as a function of varying spring conditions was on average 31% of the variability due to changing summer weather. However, some outlet glaciers are very sensitive to the amount of snow in the spring, as e.g., the variation in runoff from Brúarjökull due to changing spring conditions was on average 50% of the variability due to varying summer weather. This research was funded by the Icelandic Research Fund (RANNIS, Grant no. 140920-051), as well as the National Power Company of Iceland (Landsvirkjun) and Eimskip University fund. Peer Reviewed |
author2 |
Jarðvísindastofnun (HÍ) Institute of Earth Sciences (UI) Umhverfis- og byggingarverkfræðideild (HÍ) Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering (UI) Verkfræði- og náttúruvísindasvið (HÍ) School of Engineering and Natural Sciences (UI) Háskóli Íslands University of Iceland |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Schmidt, Louise Steffensen Langen, Peter Adalgeirsdottir, Gudfinna Pálsson, Finnur Guðmundsson, Sverrir Gunnarsson, Andri |
author_facet |
Schmidt, Louise Steffensen Langen, Peter Adalgeirsdottir, Gudfinna Pálsson, Finnur Guðmundsson, Sverrir Gunnarsson, Andri |
author_sort |
Schmidt, Louise Steffensen |
title |
Sensitivity of Glacier Runoff to Winter Snow Thickness Investigated for Vatnajökull Ice Cap, Iceland, Using Numerical Models and Observations |
title_short |
Sensitivity of Glacier Runoff to Winter Snow Thickness Investigated for Vatnajökull Ice Cap, Iceland, Using Numerical Models and Observations |
title_full |
Sensitivity of Glacier Runoff to Winter Snow Thickness Investigated for Vatnajökull Ice Cap, Iceland, Using Numerical Models and Observations |
title_fullStr |
Sensitivity of Glacier Runoff to Winter Snow Thickness Investigated for Vatnajökull Ice Cap, Iceland, Using Numerical Models and Observations |
title_full_unstemmed |
Sensitivity of Glacier Runoff to Winter Snow Thickness Investigated for Vatnajökull Ice Cap, Iceland, Using Numerical Models and Observations |
title_sort |
sensitivity of glacier runoff to winter snow thickness investigated for vatnajökull ice cap, iceland, using numerical models and observations |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
publishDate |
2018 |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11815/1251 https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos9110450 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-16.157,-16.157,64.682,64.682) ENVELOPE(-16.823,-16.823,64.420,64.420) |
geographic |
Brúarjökull Vatnajökull |
geographic_facet |
Brúarjökull Vatnajökull |
genre |
glacier Ice cap Iceland Vatnajökull |
genre_facet |
glacier Ice cap Iceland Vatnajökull |
op_relation |
Atmosphere;9(11) http://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/9/11/450/pdf Schmidt LS, Langen PL, Aðalgeirsdóttir G, Pálsson F, Guðmundsson S, Gunnarsson A. Sensitivity of Glacier Runoff to Winter Snow Thickness Investigated for Vatnajökull Ice Cap, Iceland, Using Numerical Models and Observations. Atmosphere. 2018; 9(11):450. doi:10.3390/atmos9110450 2073-4433 https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11815/1251 Atmosphere doi:10.3390/atmos9110450 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/20.500.11815/1251 https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos9110450 |
container_title |
Atmosphere |
container_volume |
9 |
container_issue |
11 |
container_start_page |
450 |
_version_ |
1766009672999895040 |