Will subglacial rhyolite eruptions be explosive or intrusive? Some insights from analytical models
Simple analytical models of subglacial eruptions are presented, which simulate evolving subglacial cavities and volcanic edifices during rhyolitic eruptions beneath temperate glaciers. They show that the relative sizes of cavity and edifice may strongly influence the eruption mechanisms. Intrusive e...
Published in: | Annals of Glaciology |
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2007
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Online Access: | https://oro.open.ac.uk/31476/ https://doi.org/10.3189/172756407782282534 |
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ftopenunivgb:oai:oro.open.ac.uk:31476 2023-06-11T04:03:54+02:00 Will subglacial rhyolite eruptions be explosive or intrusive? Some insights from analytical models Tuffen, H. McGarvie, D. W. Gilbert, J. S. 2007-10 https://oro.open.ac.uk/31476/ https://doi.org/10.3189/172756407782282534 unknown Tuffen, H.; McGarvie, D. W. <http://oro.open.ac.uk/view/person/dwm4.html> and Gilbert, J. S. (2007). Will subglacial rhyolite eruptions be explosive or intrusive? Some insights from analytical models. Annals of Glaciology, 45(1) pp. 87–94. Journal Item None PeerReviewed 2007 ftopenunivgb https://doi.org/10.3189/172756407782282534 2023-05-28T05:47:44Z Simple analytical models of subglacial eruptions are presented, which simulate evolving subglacial cavities and volcanic edifices during rhyolitic eruptions beneath temperate glaciers. They show that the relative sizes of cavity and edifice may strongly influence the eruption mechanisms. Intrusive eruptions will occur if the edifice fills the cavity, with rising magma quenched within the edifice and slow melting of ice. Explosive magma-water interaction may occur if a water- or steam-filled gap develops above the edifice. Meltwater is assumed to drain away continuously, but any gap above the edifice will be filled by meltwater or steam. Ductile roof closure will occur if the glacier weight exceeds the cavity pressure and is modelled here using Nye's law. The results show that the effusion rate is an important control on the eruption style, with explosive eruptions favoured by large effusion rates. The models are used to explain contrasting eruption mechanisms during various Quaternary subglacial rhyolite eruptions at Torfajökull, Iceland. Although the models are simplistic, they are first attempts to unravel the complex feedbacks between subglacial eruption mechanisms and glacier response that can lead to a variety of eruptive scenarios and associated hazards. Article in Journal/Newspaper Annals of Glaciology glacier Iceland The Open University: Open Research Online (ORO) Torfajökull ENVELOPE(-19.027,-19.027,63.898,63.898) Annals of Glaciology 45 87 94 |
institution |
Open Polar |
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The Open University: Open Research Online (ORO) |
op_collection_id |
ftopenunivgb |
language |
unknown |
description |
Simple analytical models of subglacial eruptions are presented, which simulate evolving subglacial cavities and volcanic edifices during rhyolitic eruptions beneath temperate glaciers. They show that the relative sizes of cavity and edifice may strongly influence the eruption mechanisms. Intrusive eruptions will occur if the edifice fills the cavity, with rising magma quenched within the edifice and slow melting of ice. Explosive magma-water interaction may occur if a water- or steam-filled gap develops above the edifice. Meltwater is assumed to drain away continuously, but any gap above the edifice will be filled by meltwater or steam. Ductile roof closure will occur if the glacier weight exceeds the cavity pressure and is modelled here using Nye's law. The results show that the effusion rate is an important control on the eruption style, with explosive eruptions favoured by large effusion rates. The models are used to explain contrasting eruption mechanisms during various Quaternary subglacial rhyolite eruptions at Torfajökull, Iceland. Although the models are simplistic, they are first attempts to unravel the complex feedbacks between subglacial eruption mechanisms and glacier response that can lead to a variety of eruptive scenarios and associated hazards. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Tuffen, H. McGarvie, D. W. Gilbert, J. S. |
spellingShingle |
Tuffen, H. McGarvie, D. W. Gilbert, J. S. Will subglacial rhyolite eruptions be explosive or intrusive? Some insights from analytical models |
author_facet |
Tuffen, H. McGarvie, D. W. Gilbert, J. S. |
author_sort |
Tuffen, H. |
title |
Will subglacial rhyolite eruptions be explosive or intrusive? Some insights from analytical models |
title_short |
Will subglacial rhyolite eruptions be explosive or intrusive? Some insights from analytical models |
title_full |
Will subglacial rhyolite eruptions be explosive or intrusive? Some insights from analytical models |
title_fullStr |
Will subglacial rhyolite eruptions be explosive or intrusive? Some insights from analytical models |
title_full_unstemmed |
Will subglacial rhyolite eruptions be explosive or intrusive? Some insights from analytical models |
title_sort |
will subglacial rhyolite eruptions be explosive or intrusive? some insights from analytical models |
publishDate |
2007 |
url |
https://oro.open.ac.uk/31476/ https://doi.org/10.3189/172756407782282534 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-19.027,-19.027,63.898,63.898) |
geographic |
Torfajökull |
geographic_facet |
Torfajökull |
genre |
Annals of Glaciology glacier Iceland |
genre_facet |
Annals of Glaciology glacier Iceland |
op_relation |
Tuffen, H.; McGarvie, D. W. <http://oro.open.ac.uk/view/person/dwm4.html> and Gilbert, J. S. (2007). Will subglacial rhyolite eruptions be explosive or intrusive? Some insights from analytical models. Annals of Glaciology, 45(1) pp. 87–94. |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3189/172756407782282534 |
container_title |
Annals of Glaciology |
container_volume |
45 |
container_start_page |
87 |
op_container_end_page |
94 |
_version_ |
1768384401741185024 |