Seasonality of halogen deposition in polar snow and ice
Abstract. The atmospheric chemistry of iodine and bromine in Polar regions is of interest due to the key role of halogens in many atmospheric processes, particularly tropospheric ozone destruction. Bromine is emitted from the open ocean but is enriched above first-year sea ice during springtime brom...
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ftopenaccessrep:oai:zenodo.org:68224 2023-05-15T13:50:37+02:00 Seasonality of halogen deposition in polar snow and ice Spolaor, A. Vallelonga, P. Gabrieli, J. Martma, T. Björkman, M. P. Isaksson, E. Cozzi, G. Turetta, C. Kjær, H. A. Curran, M. A. J. Moy, A. D. Schönhardt, A. Blechschmidt, A.-M. Burrows, J. P. Plane, J. M. C. Barbante, C. 2014-09-16 https://www.openaccessrepository.it/record/68224 https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-9613-2014 eng eng url:https://www.openaccessrepository.it/communities/itmirror https://www.openaccessrepository.it/record/68224 doi:10.5194/acp-14-9613-2014 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://www.opendefinition.org/licenses/cc-by CC-BY Atmospheric Science info:eu-repo/semantics/article publication-article 2014 ftopenaccessrep https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-9613-2014 2022-11-23T06:42:26Z Abstract. The atmospheric chemistry of iodine and bromine in Polar regions is of interest due to the key role of halogens in many atmospheric processes, particularly tropospheric ozone destruction. Bromine is emitted from the open ocean but is enriched above first-year sea ice during springtime bromine explosion events, whereas iodine emission is attributed to biological communities in the open ocean and hosted by sea ice. It has been previously demonstrated that bromine and iodine are present in Antarctic ice over glacial–interglacial cycles. Here we investigate seasonal variability of bromine and iodine in polar snow and ice, to evaluate their emission, transport and deposition in Antarctica and the Arctic and better understand potential links to sea ice. We find that bromine and iodine concentrations and Br enrichment (relative to sea salt content) in polar ice do vary seasonally in Arctic snow and Antarctic ice. Although seasonal variability in halogen emission sources is recorded by satellite-based observations of tropospheric halogen concentrations, seasonal patterns observed in snowpack are likely also influenced by photolysis-driven processes. Peaks of bromine concentration and Br enrichment in Arctic snow and Antarctic ice occur in spring and summer, when sunlight is present. A secondary bromine peak, observed at the end of summer, is attributed to bromine deposition at the end of the polar day. Iodine concentrations are largest in winter Antarctic ice strata, contrary to contemporary observations of summer maxima in iodine emissions. These findings support previous observations of iodine peaks in winter snow strata attributed to the absence of sunlight-driven photolytic re-mobilisation of iodine from surface snow. Further investigation is required to confirm these proposed mechanisms explaining observations of halogens in polar snow and ice, and to evaluate the extent to which halogens may be applied as sea ice proxies. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Arctic Sea ice Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN): Open Access Repository Antarctic Arctic Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 14 18 9613 9622 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN): Open Access Repository |
op_collection_id |
ftopenaccessrep |
language |
English |
topic |
Atmospheric Science |
spellingShingle |
Atmospheric Science Spolaor, A. Vallelonga, P. Gabrieli, J. Martma, T. Björkman, M. P. Isaksson, E. Cozzi, G. Turetta, C. Kjær, H. A. Curran, M. A. J. Moy, A. D. Schönhardt, A. Blechschmidt, A.-M. Burrows, J. P. Plane, J. M. C. Barbante, C. Seasonality of halogen deposition in polar snow and ice |
topic_facet |
Atmospheric Science |
description |
Abstract. The atmospheric chemistry of iodine and bromine in Polar regions is of interest due to the key role of halogens in many atmospheric processes, particularly tropospheric ozone destruction. Bromine is emitted from the open ocean but is enriched above first-year sea ice during springtime bromine explosion events, whereas iodine emission is attributed to biological communities in the open ocean and hosted by sea ice. It has been previously demonstrated that bromine and iodine are present in Antarctic ice over glacial–interglacial cycles. Here we investigate seasonal variability of bromine and iodine in polar snow and ice, to evaluate their emission, transport and deposition in Antarctica and the Arctic and better understand potential links to sea ice. We find that bromine and iodine concentrations and Br enrichment (relative to sea salt content) in polar ice do vary seasonally in Arctic snow and Antarctic ice. Although seasonal variability in halogen emission sources is recorded by satellite-based observations of tropospheric halogen concentrations, seasonal patterns observed in snowpack are likely also influenced by photolysis-driven processes. Peaks of bromine concentration and Br enrichment in Arctic snow and Antarctic ice occur in spring and summer, when sunlight is present. A secondary bromine peak, observed at the end of summer, is attributed to bromine deposition at the end of the polar day. Iodine concentrations are largest in winter Antarctic ice strata, contrary to contemporary observations of summer maxima in iodine emissions. These findings support previous observations of iodine peaks in winter snow strata attributed to the absence of sunlight-driven photolytic re-mobilisation of iodine from surface snow. Further investigation is required to confirm these proposed mechanisms explaining observations of halogens in polar snow and ice, and to evaluate the extent to which halogens may be applied as sea ice proxies. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Spolaor, A. Vallelonga, P. Gabrieli, J. Martma, T. Björkman, M. P. Isaksson, E. Cozzi, G. Turetta, C. Kjær, H. A. Curran, M. A. J. Moy, A. D. Schönhardt, A. Blechschmidt, A.-M. Burrows, J. P. Plane, J. M. C. Barbante, C. |
author_facet |
Spolaor, A. Vallelonga, P. Gabrieli, J. Martma, T. Björkman, M. P. Isaksson, E. Cozzi, G. Turetta, C. Kjær, H. A. Curran, M. A. J. Moy, A. D. Schönhardt, A. Blechschmidt, A.-M. Burrows, J. P. Plane, J. M. C. Barbante, C. |
author_sort |
Spolaor, A. |
title |
Seasonality of halogen deposition in polar snow and ice |
title_short |
Seasonality of halogen deposition in polar snow and ice |
title_full |
Seasonality of halogen deposition in polar snow and ice |
title_fullStr |
Seasonality of halogen deposition in polar snow and ice |
title_full_unstemmed |
Seasonality of halogen deposition in polar snow and ice |
title_sort |
seasonality of halogen deposition in polar snow and ice |
publishDate |
2014 |
url |
https://www.openaccessrepository.it/record/68224 https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-9613-2014 |
geographic |
Antarctic Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Arctic |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Arctic Sea ice |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Arctic Sea ice |
op_relation |
url:https://www.openaccessrepository.it/communities/itmirror https://www.openaccessrepository.it/record/68224 doi:10.5194/acp-14-9613-2014 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://www.opendefinition.org/licenses/cc-by |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-9613-2014 |
container_title |
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
container_volume |
14 |
container_issue |
18 |
container_start_page |
9613 |
op_container_end_page |
9622 |
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1766253776401858560 |