Chemical characterisation of a volcanic event (about AD 1500) at Styx Glacier plateau, northern Victoria Land, Antarctica

• Published in: Annals of Glaciology
• Main Authors: Giovanni Piccardi, Roberto Udisti, Gabriele Capodaglio, Rita Traversi, Carlo Barbante, S. Vermigli, Emiliano Castellano
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: 1999
• Subjects: EUTOPIA Alliance; NEANIAS Atmospheric Research Community; Earth-Surface Processes; Styx Glacier; Victoria Land; Antarc*; Antarctica; ice core
• Online Access: https://www.openaccessrepository.it/record/121983; https://doi.org/10.3189/172756499781821265

AbstractA dark layer (∼1 cm thick, 93.41 m deep) was identified in an ice core (116 m deep, covering the period -1350-1995) drilled at Styx Glacier plateau, northern Victoria Land, Antarctica. The ice-core section was dated around AD 1500 ± 20 by a firn-densification model. A chemical characterisation was performed on ten subsamples (resolution 3 cm) located around the dark layer by ion chromatography. The concentration/depth profiles of anions (Cl-, Br-, NC3-, H2PO4-, SO42-), cations (Na+, NH4+, K+, Mg*+, Ga2^) and some organic anions (acetate, formate, propionate and methanesulphonate (MSA)) indicate very high concentration peaks for all the components. However, non-sea-salt sulphate (nssSo/-) and F- show the greatest increase with respect to background values (370 and 860 times, respectively). A crustal contribution is attributed to Ga2+ and MSA. The profiles of gas-phase emitted substances (HF, HBr, HNOs and carboxylic acid) suggest gas emission just before the volcanic eruption. Chloride depletion is evident in the dark layer with respect to Na+/Cl- sea-water ratio. At present, it is not possible to attribute an unambiguous source to the volcanic event, but several pieces of evidence lead us to believe that this may be a time-limited local event.