Driving mechanisms of subaerial and subglacial explosive episodes during the 10th century Eldgjá fissure eruption, southern Iceland
The 10th century Eldgjá fissure eruption is the largest in Iceland in historical time. It erupted 21.0 km3 of magma, with 1.3 km3 as tephra in at least 16 explosive episodes from subaerial and subglacial vents, producing magmatic and phreatomagmatic deposits respectively. Grain-size distributions fo...
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ftopenaccessrep:oai:zenodo.org:119965 2023-10-29T02:37:19+01:00 Driving mechanisms of subaerial and subglacial explosive episodes during the 10th century Eldgjá fissure eruption, southern Iceland Bruce F. Houghton Gudrún Larsen William Moreland Thor Thordarson 2019-01-01 https://www.openaccessrepository.it/record/119965 https://doi.org/10.30909/vol.02.02.129150 und unknown url:https://www.openaccessrepository.it/communities/itmirror https://www.openaccessrepository.it/record/119965 doi:10.30909/vol.02.02.129150 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Aurora Universities Network NEANIAS Atmospheric Research Community Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous) Geochemistry and Petrology Geology Geophysics info:eu-repo/semantics/article publication-article 2019 ftopenaccessrep https://doi.org/10.30909/vol.02.02.129150 2023-10-03T22:17:04Z The 10th century Eldgjá fissure eruption is the largest in Iceland in historical time. It erupted 21.0 km3 of magma, with 1.3 km3 as tephra in at least 16 explosive episodes from subaerial and subglacial vents, producing magmatic and phreatomagmatic deposits respectively. Grain-size distributions for these end-members show distinct differences at comparable distances from source: the former are coarser and unimodal; the latter are finer and bimodal. These distributions appear to record different primary fragmentation histories. In contrast, the vesicle-size distributions of pyroclasts from each type of deposit show the pyroclasts underwent similar vesicle nucleation and growth prior to fragmentation. This indicates that the role of glacial water was comparatively late-stage, re-fragmenting an already disrupting magma by quench granulation. The presence of microlite-rich domains within clasts reveals a history of complex conduit evolution, during the transition from a continuous dyke to focussed, discrete vents. Article in Journal/Newspaper Iceland Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN): Open Access Repository Volcanica 2 2 129 150 |
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Open Polar |
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Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN): Open Access Repository |
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ftopenaccessrep |
language |
unknown |
topic |
Aurora Universities Network NEANIAS Atmospheric Research Community Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous) Geochemistry and Petrology Geology Geophysics |
spellingShingle |
Aurora Universities Network NEANIAS Atmospheric Research Community Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous) Geochemistry and Petrology Geology Geophysics Bruce F. Houghton Gudrún Larsen William Moreland Thor Thordarson Driving mechanisms of subaerial and subglacial explosive episodes during the 10th century Eldgjá fissure eruption, southern Iceland |
topic_facet |
Aurora Universities Network NEANIAS Atmospheric Research Community Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous) Geochemistry and Petrology Geology Geophysics |
description |
The 10th century Eldgjá fissure eruption is the largest in Iceland in historical time. It erupted 21.0 km3 of magma, with 1.3 km3 as tephra in at least 16 explosive episodes from subaerial and subglacial vents, producing magmatic and phreatomagmatic deposits respectively. Grain-size distributions for these end-members show distinct differences at comparable distances from source: the former are coarser and unimodal; the latter are finer and bimodal. These distributions appear to record different primary fragmentation histories. In contrast, the vesicle-size distributions of pyroclasts from each type of deposit show the pyroclasts underwent similar vesicle nucleation and growth prior to fragmentation. This indicates that the role of glacial water was comparatively late-stage, re-fragmenting an already disrupting magma by quench granulation. The presence of microlite-rich domains within clasts reveals a history of complex conduit evolution, during the transition from a continuous dyke to focussed, discrete vents. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Bruce F. Houghton Gudrún Larsen William Moreland Thor Thordarson |
author_facet |
Bruce F. Houghton Gudrún Larsen William Moreland Thor Thordarson |
author_sort |
Bruce F. Houghton |
title |
Driving mechanisms of subaerial and subglacial explosive episodes during the 10th century Eldgjá fissure eruption, southern Iceland |
title_short |
Driving mechanisms of subaerial and subglacial explosive episodes during the 10th century Eldgjá fissure eruption, southern Iceland |
title_full |
Driving mechanisms of subaerial and subglacial explosive episodes during the 10th century Eldgjá fissure eruption, southern Iceland |
title_fullStr |
Driving mechanisms of subaerial and subglacial explosive episodes during the 10th century Eldgjá fissure eruption, southern Iceland |
title_full_unstemmed |
Driving mechanisms of subaerial and subglacial explosive episodes during the 10th century Eldgjá fissure eruption, southern Iceland |
title_sort |
driving mechanisms of subaerial and subglacial explosive episodes during the 10th century eldgjá fissure eruption, southern iceland |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
https://www.openaccessrepository.it/record/119965 https://doi.org/10.30909/vol.02.02.129150 |
genre |
Iceland |
genre_facet |
Iceland |
op_relation |
url:https://www.openaccessrepository.it/communities/itmirror https://www.openaccessrepository.it/record/119965 doi:10.30909/vol.02.02.129150 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.30909/vol.02.02.129150 |
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Volcanica |
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2 |
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2 |
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129 |
op_container_end_page |
150 |
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1781061906833866752 |