The Response of Sea Ice and High-Salinity Shelf Water in the Ross Ice Shelf Polynya to Cyclonic Atmosphere Circulations

• Published in: The Cryosphere
• Main Authors: Wang, Xiaoqiao, Zhang, Zhaoru, Dinniman, Michael S., Uotila, Petteri, Li, Xichen, Zhou, Meng
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: unknown
• Published: ODU Digital Commons 2023
• Subjects: Antarctic bottom water; Atmospheric circulation; Atmospheric models; Bottom water; Climate; Coastal circulation; Coasts; Cyclones; Cyclonic circulation; Ice formation; Ice shelves; Land ice; Meridional wind; Mesoscale cyclones; Mesoscale phenomena; Ocean circulation; Ocean currents; Oceans; Offshore; Polynyas; Precipitation; Salinity; Salinity effects; Sea currents; Sea ice; Sea surface; Thermohaline circulation; Water circulation; Wind; Winds; Hydrology; Oceanography; Antarctic; Ross Sea; Ross Ice Shelf; Drygalski; Antarc*; Ice Shelf; Ice Shelves
• Online Access: https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/ccpo_pubs/384; https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-17-1107-2023; https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/context/ccpo_pubs/article/1388/viewcontent/Dinniman_2023_TheResponseofSeaIceandHighSalinityOCR.pdf

Coastal polynyas in the Ross Sea are important source regions of high-salinity shelf water (HSSW) – the precursor of Antarctic Bottom Water that supplies the lower limb of the thermohaline circulation. Here, the response of sea ice production and HSSW formation to synoptic-scale and mesoscale cyclones was investigated for the Ross Ice Shelf Polynya (RISP) using a coupled ocean–sea ice–ice shelf model targeted on the Ross Sea. When synoptic-scale cyclones prevailed over RISP, sea ice production (SIP) increased rapidly by 20 %–30 % over the entire RISP. During the passage of mesoscale cyclones, SIP increased by about 2 times over the western RISP but decreased over the eastern RISP, resulting respectively from enhancement in the offshore and onshore winds. HSSW formation mainly occurred in the western RISP and was enhanced responding to the SIP increase under both types of cyclones. Promoted HSSW formation could persist for 12–60 h after the decay of the cyclones. The HSSW exports across the Drygalski Trough and the Glomar Challenger Trough were positively correlated with the meridional wind. Such correlations are mainly controlled by variations in geostrophic ocean currents that result from sea surface elevation change and density differences.